Comparison of scores for the classification of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients enrolled in a Venezuelan program for chronic non-communicable diseases: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Several continuous measurements of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) have emerged as indexes or scores. To our knowledge, there are no published data on its application and validation in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate four continuous measurements of metabolic status and CMR. We established its predictive capacity for four conditions associated with CMR. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a healthcare center in the state of Carabobo, Venezuela. METHODS: The sample comprised 176 Venezuelan adults enrolled in a chronic disease care program. Four CMR scores were calculated: metabolic syndrome (MetS) Z-score; cardiometabolic index (ICMet); simple method for quantifying MetS (siMS) score; and siMS risk score. CMR biomarkers, proinflammatory status and glomerular function were assessed. MetS was established in accordance with a harmonized definition. RESULTS: Patients with MetS showed higher levels of all scores. All scores increased as the number of MetS components rose. The scores showed significant correlations with most CMR biomarkers, inflammation and glomerular function after adjusting for age and sex. In the entire sample, MetS Z-score, siMS score and siMS risk score showed the ability to detect MetS, reduced glycemic control, proinflammatory status and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. ICMet only discriminated MetS and proinflammatory state. There were some differences in the predictive capacity of the scores according to sex. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the use of the scores assessed here. Follow-up studies should evaluate the predictive capacity of scores for cardiovascular events and diabetes in the Venezuelan population.

Glomerular function and metabolic syndrome in Venezuelan adults with cardiometabolic risk factors treated in a primary health care center. / [Función glomerular y síndrome metabólico en adultos venezolanos con factores de riesgo cardiometabólico atendidos en un centro de atención primaria.]

Introduction: The relationship of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components with the reduced glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria is not yet widely elucidated. The aim of the study was to associate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria to MS and its individual components in adults with cardiometabolic risk factors, who attended a public health center in the municipality of San Diego, Carabobo State, Venezuela. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study (n=176 individuals). Weight, height, waist circumference, body fat percentage and blood pressure were measured; serum glucose, creatinine, urea, ureic nitrogen, total cholesterol, low (LDLc) and high (HDLc) density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and glycosylated hemoglobin A1C in whole blood were determined; the presence of proteinuria was determined in partial urine. The eGFR was estimated by equations and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Results: The frequency of MS was significantly higher among patients with CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/m2), mildly reduced eGFR (60-89 mL/min/m2), hyperfiltration or proteinuria. The risks of mildly reduced eGFR and protenuria were significantly associated with elevated fasting blood glucose, low HDLc and MS, with and without adjustment for sex, age and BMI. When adjusted for the diabetic condition, only the risk of proteinuria remained associated with MS and elevated blood pressure. The risk of hyperfiltration was not associated with MS. Conclusion: The reduction in estimated glomerular function and proteinuria were associated with MS and its individual components. Other studies that confirm the results are required.

Introducción: Introducción: La relación del síndrome metabólico (SM) y sus componentes con la tasa de filtración glomerular y proteinuria aun no está ampliamente dilucidada. El objetivo del trabajo fue asociar la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada (TFGe) y la proteinuria con el SM y sus componentes individuales en adultos con factores de riesgo cardiometabólico, que acudieron a un centro de salud público ubicado en el municipio San Diego, Estado Carabobo-Venezuela. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-transversal (n=176 pacientes). Se midió peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, porcentaje de grasa corporal y presión arterial; se determinó en suero glucosa, creatinina, urea, nitrógeno ureico, colesterol total, colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja (LDLc) y alta (HDLc) densidad, triglicéridos y hemoglobina glicosilada A1C en sangre total; en orina parcial se determinó la presencia de proteinuria. Se estimó la TFGe por ecuaciones y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados: La frecuencia de SM fue más elevada en pacientes con enfermedad crónica renal (TFGe < 60 mL/min/m2), TFGe ligeramente disminuida (60-89 mL/min/m2), hiperfiltración o proteinuria. Los riesgos de disminución ligera de la TFGe y proteinuria se asociaron significativamente a SM, glicemia elevada y HDLc bajo, con y sin ajuste por sexo, edad e IMC. Cuando se ajustó por condición de diabético, el riesgo de proteinuria se asoció a SM y presión arterial elevada. El riesgo de hiperfiltración no se asoció a SM. Conclusión: La reducción de la TGFe y la proteinuria se asociaron al SM y sus componentes individuales. Se requieren otros estudios que confirmen los resultados.

Estudio exploratorio de marcadores plasmáticos del estado redox y perfil lipídico en gestantes adolescentes atendidas en una consulta prenatal pública de la ciudad de San Felipe, Venezuela / Exploratory study of the plasmatic markers of redox status and lipidic profile in pregnant adolescentsattending public antenatal care service in the city of San Felipe, Venezuela

Las adolescentes embarazadas constituyen un grupo de alta vulnerabilidad biológica y social. Objetivo: Evaluarel comportamiento de marcadores plasmáticos del estado redox y perfil lipídico en gestantes adolescentes enel segundo y tercer trimestre de embarazo atendidas en una consulta prenatal pública y compararlo con el quemuestran gestantes adultas y mujeres no embarazadas. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, queincluyó 29 gestantes adolescentes (14-20 años), 26 gestantes adultas (20-44 años) y 25 mujeres no embarazadas(17-44 años). Se determinó en suero malondialdehído (MDA), ácido ascórbico (AA), ácido úrico , colesteroltotal (CT), LDLc, HDLc, triglicéridos (TGL) y se calculó el índice de estrés oxidativo (MDA/AA), relaciones CT/HDLc, LDLc/HDLc, TGL/HDLc y colesterol NoHDL...

Pregnant adolescents are a group of high biological and social vulnerability. Objective: To evaluate the behavior of plasma markers of redox status and lipid profile in pregnant adolescents in the second and third trimester of pregnancy attending public antenatal care service and compare it with adult pregnant women and non-pregnant women. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 29 pregnant adolescents (aged 14-20 years), 26 adult pregnant women (aged 20-44 years) and 25 non-pregnant women (aged 17-44 years). Malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDLc), HDL cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides (TGL) were determined. Oxidative stress index (MDA/AA), TC/HDLc ratio, LDLc/HDLc ratio, TGL/HDLc ratio and nonHDL-cholesterol were calculated...