[A comparative study of recreational screen time in neurodevelopmental disorders]. / Estudio comparativo del tiempo de pantallas recreativas en los trastornos del neurodesarrollo.

INTRODUCTION: Digital screen time has been largely studied in children populations, but few have focused on children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Our main objective was to study the characteristics of use of recreational screens (television (TV) and video games), in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in which children with neurodevelopmental disorders under the age of 6 were compared with controls of the same age range. We analysed TV and video game exposure through a designed questionnaire for parents that included daily time exposure, sociodemographic characteristics, home media environment, sociocultural habits, attitudes and beliefs about TV. RESULTS: Sixty-one individuals with developmental and 153 controls were enrolled. Children with developmental problems spend more time watching TV than controls (124,4 ± 83,4 vs 71,5 ± 47,4 min / day p <0,001), while video game time was similar in both groups (37,6 ± 39, 6 vs 31,7 ± 32,6 min / day p = 0,138). Children with neurodevelopmental disorders began earlier to watch TV than controls. There were no relevant differences between groups in demographics, Sociocultural, environmental and attitudinal and belief variables. CONCLUSIONS: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders start watching TV at an earlier age and consume more screen time than healthy children. Our findings indicate that Children with neurodevelopmental disorders are more vulnerable to screen abuse, and stress the importance to offer anticipatory guidance to their parents.

TITLE: Estudio comparativo del tiempo de pantallas recreativas en los trastornos del neurodesarrollo.Introducción. En poblaciones infantiles, el tiempo de consumo de pantallas recreativas se ha estudiado ampliamente, pero se dispone de menos información en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Nuestro principal objetivo era estudiar las características de uso de las pantallas recreativas (televisión y videojuegos) en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Sujetos y métodos. Realizamos un estudio de casos y controles, comparando niños con y sin trastornos del neurodesarrollo menores de 6 años. A través de un cuestionario rellenado por los progenitores, se analizó el tiempo de exposición diaria a pantallas recreativas, las características sociodemográficas y ambientales, los hábitos socioculturales y las actitudes relacionadas con las pantallas recreativas. Resultados. Se analizó a 61 individuos con trastorno del neurodesarrollo y a 153 controles. Los casos pasaron más tiempo mirando la televisión (124,4 ± 83,4 frente a 71,5 ± 47,4 minutos/día; p menor de 0,001), mientras que el tiempo de videojuegos fue similar en ambos grupos (37,6 ± 39, 6 frente a 31,7 ± 32,6 minutos/día; p = 0,138). Los niños con trastorno del neurodesarrollo empezaron a una edad más temprana a ver televisión. No hubo diferencias relevantes entre los dos grupos en características sociodemográficas, socioculturales, ambientales y de actitud relacionadas con las pantallas recreativas. Conclusiones. Los niños con trastorno del neurodesarrollo empiezan a ver la televisión a una edad más temprana y consumen más tiempo que sus coetáneos sanos. Nuestros hallazgos indican que los niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo son más vulnerables al abuso de la televisión, por lo que consideramos relevante ofrecer una guía anticipada a sus progenitores.

[RS3PE associated with tuberculosis]. / RS3PE asociado a tuberculosis.

The remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema of the elderly patient with edema and fovea (RS3PE), characterizes for the appearance of one polyarthritis symmetrical with fovea in the back of the hands, and negative reumatoideal factor. The association to tuberculosis had not been described before. One presents the case of a 89-year-old patient who consulted for anorexia of month and a half of evolution accompanied of edema in hands and feet, with negative reumatoideal factor. He was presenting a pulmonary infiltrated, which microbiological study revealed the infection for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

[Atypical presentation of a clinical case of giant cell arteritis]. / Presentación atípica de un caso de arteritis de células gigantes.

We present a very unusual clinical case of giant cell arteritis with uterus involvement, in a women of 66 years old, that began clinical features of pain and functional limitation of shoulders and hip 3 mouth before been operated of uterus prolapse with hysterectomy. Biopsy of uterus found affected arterial vesels with wall sclerosis and granulomatous inflamation with giant cells, without necrosis, involving media and perivascular portions suggesting giant cell arteritis. In a previous reports review, we only found ten similar clinical cases. In that cases, clinical features were no suggestif of the disease. Although the well known tendency of arteritis to involve some specific vascular areas, the case we present is an example of the systemic course of the disease and his difficulty to diagnose.

[Pericarditis and giant cell arteritis]. / Pericarditis y arteritis de células gigantes.

Pericarditis is an unusual manifestation of gigantic cell arteritis. The following essay describes the case of a female patient who had been diagnosed, three years earlier, with several types of rheumatic myalgia, and because of this, she had had periodical tests in which no complications at all had been observed. At the age of 69, this female patient consulted the doctor for mild fever, dry cough, anorexia and diffuse abdominal pain. The echocardiography showed pericardium discharge and complementary explorations ruled out infectious or neoplasia processes. A corticoid treatment was started and the symptomatology improved in a few days, the pericardium discharge being solved in 3 months.

[Atypical pulmonary nodules in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis]. / Nódulos pulmonares atípicos en paciente con artritis reumatoide.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a wide variety of lung manifestations, including rheumatoid nodules. We report the case of woman with a diagnosis of RA who underwent thoracic computed axial tomography (CAT) scan because of cough and effort dyspnea. The CAT scan revealed the presence of small lung nodules. After biopsy, these nodules were diagnosed as cholesterol granulomas.