Clinical impact of time to results from the microbiology laboratory in bloodstream infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (TIME-CPE STUDY).

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of time to results (TTR) on the outcome of patients with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (CPE-BSI). METHODS: Times-series study conducted from January 2014 to December 2021, selecting patients with first CPE-BSI episodes. Periods of intervention were defined according to implementation of diagnostic bundle tests in the microbiology laboratory: pre-intervention (January 2014-December 2017) and post-intervention (January 2018-December 2021). TTR was defined as time elapsed from positivity time of the blood culture bottles to physicians' notification of CPE-BSI episodes, and was evaluated in patients who received inappropriate empirical and switched to appropriate targeted treatment (switch group). Analysis of a composite unfavourable outcome (mortality at Day 30 and/or persistent and/or recurrent bacteraemia) was performed for the total episodes and in the switch group. RESULTS: One hundred and nine episodes were analysed: 66 pre-intervention and 43 post-intervention. Compared with pre-intervention, patients in the post-intervention period were younger (68 versus 63 years, P = 0.04), had INCREMENT score > 7 (31.8% versus 53.5%, P = 0.02) and unfavourable outcome (37.9% versus 20.9%, P = 0.04). Proportion of TTR > 30 h was more frequent pre-intervention than post-intervention (61.7% versus 35.5%, P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis of the 109 episodes, source other than urinary or biliary (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.11-6.86) was associated with unfavourable outcome, while targeted appropriate treatment trended to being protective (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.03-1.00). Considering the switch group (n = 78), source other than urinary or biliary (OR 14.9, 95% CI 3.25-69.05) and TTR > 30 h (OR 4.72, 95% CI 1.29-17.22) were associated with unfavourable outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased TTR in the post-intervention period was associated with the outcome in patients with CPE-BSI episodes.

Correlación de factores de riesgo cardiovascular con la escala SCORE y la prueba de valoración global subjetiva en pacientes con cáncer de mama

RESUMEN Introducción: está demostrada la asociación entre el estado nutricional- metabólico con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y cáncer, sobre todo con el cáncer de mama cuya población tiene en su mayoría un síndrome metabólico asociado. La estratificación inicial es fundamental. Existen varias herramientas que permiten valorar el estado nutricional como la valoración global subjetiva. Objetivo: determinar la correlación de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con cáncer de mama valorados a través de la escala cardiológica denominada SCORE y la valoración nutricional con la escala de valoración global subjetiva en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Metodología: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional, de pacientes con el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama anatomopatológico desde el año 2015 a 2018 en el Hospital Día Oncológico de la ciudad Encarnación, Paraguay. Se midieron las variables de factores de riesgo cardiovascular a través de la escala SCORE y la valoración nutricional a través de la valoración global subjetiva. Se respetaron las normas de la Bioética. Resultados: se incluyó una muestra de 138 mujeres, cuya edad media fue 54 ± 12 años. El IMC fue 28 kg/m2. Se halló obesidad/sobrepeso en 56,2%. El diámetro de cintura mayor fue de 88 cm. La dislipidemia se halló en 60%, hipertensión arterial en 78%, diabetes mellitus en 43%, hábito tabáquico en 2,7%. Según la escala cardiovascular de SCORE el 55% formaba parte del riesgo elevado. El diámetro cintura >88 cm se correlacionó significativamente con la valoración global subjetiva (r -0,22). No hubo correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la escala de SCORE y la escala nutricional de valoración global subjetiva. Conclusiones: la muestra estudiada tiene una alta frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La mitad tienen un riesgo alto de cardiotoxicidad según SCORE. Sin embargo, esto no se correlacionó con la valoración global subjetiva.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The association between the nutritional-metabolic state with cardiovascular risk factors and cancer has been demonstrated, especially with breast cancer patients, the majority of whom have an associated metabolic syndrome. Initial stratification is essential. There are several tools that allow assessing nutritional status such as the subjective global assessment. Objective: To determine the correlation of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with breast cancer assessed through the cardiological scale called SCORE and nutritional assessment with the subjective global assessment scale in patients with breast cancer. Methodology: A prospective, observational study of patients with the diagnosis of anatomopathological breast cancer was carried out from 2015 to 2018 at the Oncological Day Hospital of the city of Encarnación, Paraguay. The variables of cardiovascular risk factors were measured through the SCORE scale and the nutritional assessment through the subjective global assessment. The bioethical norms were respected. Results: A sample of 138 women was included, whose mean age was 54±12 years. The BMI was 28 kg / m2 and obesity/overweight was found in 56.2%. The largest waist diameter was 88 cm. Dyslipidemia was found in 60%, arterial hypertension in 78%, diabetes mellitus in 43%, and smoking in 2.7%. According to the SCORE cardiovascular scale, 55% of the patients were part of the high risk. Waist diameter >88 cm was significantly correlated with the subjective global assessment (r-0.22). There was no statistically significant correlation between the SCORE scale and the subjective global assessment nutritional scale. Conclusions: The studied sample has a high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors. Half have a high risk of cardiotoxicity according to SCORE. However, this did not correlate with the subjective global assessment.