Effect of systemic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on apical periodontitis.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. In total 60 animals were divided into a control group (sound teeth); Group I - regular water without AP; Group II - probiotic water without AP; Group III - regular water with AP; Group IV - probiotic water with AP. AP was induced after 3 days in the control groups and after 7, 21, and 42 days in groups III and IV. The animals were euthanized, and the mandibles were subjected to histotechnical processing. Samples were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) to identify root canal features, apical and periapical regions. Additionally, histoenzymology was performed to detect osteoclasts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify osteoclastogenesis markers, and the Brown & Brenn technique was applied for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 with a significance level of 5%. Although no statistical differences were observed, the groups administered with probiotics showed better conditions in terms of histological aspects seen microscopically. Furthermore, there were no differences in the number of osteoclasts (p > 0.05). The RANKL marker was not found in the probiotic group at 42 days, unlike in group III.

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 has antimicrobial activity against endodontic pathogens in vitro.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, the antimicrobial activity of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019, through the well technique, against 10 microorganisms can be found involved in endodontic infections. The antimicrobial activity of the probiotic was performed on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia. For the control group, it was used non-pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Kocuria rizhopilla. After 48 to 72 h of incubation of the petri dishes containing the culture medium, the microorganism strains, and the probiotic, the plates were examined to assess the uniformity of microbial growth, presence of contaminants, and the halo of inhibition. After visual inspection, the reading of the halo of inhibition was performed with the aid of a digital caliper using a reflected light source to illuminate the inverted plate on a black, opaque background after removing the cap. Thus, 3 values were obtained from each bacterial inoculum, which were added and divided by three to obtain the average of the values. The results of the in vitro study demonstrated that the probiotic B. animalis subsp. lactis HN019 promoted the inhibition of all strains of the pathogens evaluated, with the exception of Candida albicans, demonstrating antimicrobial activity on these microorganisms.

Conhecimento e repercussões emocionais da COVID-19 entre estudantes de Odontologia brasileiros / Conocimientos y repercusiones emocionales de la COVID-19 entre estudiantes brasileños de odontología / Knowledge about and emotional impact of COVID-19 among Brazilian dental students

Em decorrência da pandemia de COVID-19, implementou-se atividades remotas de ensino, como medida de distanciamento social. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento dos graduandos de Odontologia brasileiros sobre a COVID-19, bem como o possível impacto da pandemia nas condições emocionais e sociais destes estudantes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com coleta de dados primários, por meio de questionário estruturado. O questionário ficou vigente no período de 11 de agosto a 11 de setembro de 2020, com envios semanais, com amostragem de conveniência. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva. A pesquisa abrangeu discentes doprimeiro ao décimo período do curso de Odontologia, das diferentes regiões brasileiras. Foram coletadas 520 respostas, de 14 estados do país. Os alunos demonstraram ter um alto nível de conhecimento sobre a COVID-19, 77,31% não se sentiam seguros, 85,96% alegaram medo em relação ao futuro e 96,15% afirmaram ter havido prejuízos no seu curso de graduação. Dentre os alunos, 69,56% relataram piora no estado emocional, 83,08% perceberam-se mais estressados, 58,46% afirmaram ter desenvolvido insônia e 51,25% afirmaram que a pandemia afetou negativamente as finanças familiares. Conclui-se que os graduandos de Odontologia brasileiros têm conhecimento sobre a COVID-19 e a pandemia os afetou negativamente em relação aos aspectos emocionais e sociais (AU).

A raíz de la pandemia del COVID-19, se implementaron actividades de enseñanza a distancia como medida de distanciamiento social. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el conocimiento de los estudiantes brasileños de odontología sobre el COVID-19, así como el posible impacto de la pandemia en las condiciones emocionales ysociales de estos estudiantes. Se trata de un estudio transversal con recogida de datos primarios a través de un cuestionario estructurado. El cuestionario estuvo vigente del 11 de agosto al 11 de septiembre de 2020, con envíos semanales, con muestreo porconveniencia. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo. La investigación abarcó estudiantes del primero al décimo período de la carrera de Odontología, de diferentes regiones brasileñas. Se recogieron 520 respuestas de 14 estados del país. Los estudiantes demostraron un alto nivel de conocimiento sobre el COVID-19, el 77,31 % no se sentía seguro, el 85,96 % manifestó tener miedo al futuro y el 96,15 % manifestó haber tenido pérdidas en su carrera de grado. Entre los estudiantes, el 69,56 % reportóun empeoramiento en su estado emocional, el 83,08 % se sintió más estresado, el 58,46 % dijo haber desarrollado insomnio y el 51,25 % dijo que la pandemia tuvo un efecto negativo en la economía familiar. Se concluye que los estudiantes de odontología brasileños son conscientes de la COVID-19 y la pandemia los ha afectado negativamente en los aspectos emocionales y sociales (AU).

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote teaching activities have been implemented as a social distancing measure. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge that Brazilian dental students have about COVID-19, as well as the possible impact of the pandemic on these students' emotional and social conditions. This is a cross-sectional study using primary-data collection by means of a structured questionnaire. The latter was open from August 11 to September 11, 2020, with weekly submissions, and with convenience sampling. Data were subjected to descriptive analysis. The research included students attending the first to the tenth period of Dentistry courses, from different Brazilian regions. A total of 520 responses were collected from 14 statesin the country. The students proved to have a high level of knowledge about COVID-19; 77.31% did not feel safe, 85.96% claimed to be afraid of the future, and 96.15% stated that their undergraduate courses went through losses. Moreover, 69.56% reported a worsening in their emotional state, 83.08% perceived themselves as being more stressed, 58.46% said they developed insomnia, and 51.25% stated that the pandemic had a negative effect on family finances. It is concluded that Brazilian dental students have knowledge about COVID-19, and the pandemic has negatively affected them in terms of emotional and social aspects (AU).

Effect of systemic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on apical periodontitis

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. In total 60 animals were divided into a control group (sound teeth); Group I - regular water without AP; Group II - probiotic water without AP; Group III - regular water with AP; Group IV - probiotic water with AP. AP was induced after 3 days in the control groups and after 7, 21, and 42 days in groups III and IV. The animals were euthanized, and the mandibles were subjected to histotechnical processing. Samples were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) to identify root canal features, apical and periapical regions. Additionally, histoenzymology was performed to detect osteoclasts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify osteoclastogenesis markers, and the Brown & Brenn technique was applied for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 with a significance level of 5%. Although no statistical differences were observed, the groups administered with probiotics showed better conditions in terms of histological aspects seen microscopically. Furthermore, there were no differences in the number of osteoclasts (p > 0.05). The RANKL marker was not found in the probiotic group at 42 days, unlike in group III.

The psychological impact of social distancing related to the covid-19 pandemic on undergraduate and graduate students in Brazil

Aim: To evaluate the psychological impact of COVID-19 on undergraduate and graduate students of the Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Methods: Three questionnaires were used: sociodemographic, WHO Abbreviated Quality of Life Inventory, and General Anxiety Disorder-7. Data were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism 7a (α = 5%). Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-tests were used for statistical comparisons. The Spearman test was used as the correlation test. Results: 257 students responded to the online form that assessed their quality of life and anxiety level. On a scale from 1 to 100, with 100 being the best quality of life, the average obtained was 64.71 (± 13.36). In addition, 87.6% of the students rated their quality of life as good or very good. 74.7% reported good or very good health. The anxiety analysis resulted in an average of 10.04 (± 4.5), indicating moderate anxiety levels. There was an inversely proportional correlation between age and degree of anxiety (p = 0.008, r = -0.1628) and self-perceived learning and student commitment (r = 0.69). Conclusion: Despite the good quality of life and the students' good self-perception of health, they showed a moderate degree of anxiety during the social distancing caused by COVID-19, also demonstrating a decrease in interest and commitment during distance education

Síndrome da deleção 2q37.3 ­ A primeira descrição de achados orais, relato de caso / 2q37.3 delection syndrome ­ The first description of oral phenotype, a case repor

Introdução: A síndrome de deleção 2q37.3 é uma desordem causada pela microdeleção de uma subbanda no cromossomo 2, cuja epidemiologia é de aproximadamente 150 casos no mundo, e a incidência de 1:10000. As características da síndrome são: atraso no desenvolvimento, dismorfia facial, anormalidades musculoesqueléticas e aumento ao risco de doenças congênitas. O objetivo deste relato de caso é apresentar, pela primeira vez na literatura, os achados clínicos orais e dentários associados à síndrome. Relato de caso: As principais características físicas da síndrome foram identificadas na paciente durante o exame físico: lábio superior fino, columela proeminente e dobras epicânticas. No exame intraoral, relatou-se as características odontológicas, que podem estar associadas à síndrome: acúmulo de cálculo dental, hipomineralização e hipoplasia, mordida cruzada, mordida aberta, agenesias, taurodontia e cisto dentígero. O tratamento dental consistiu na aplicação de técnicas de manejo de comportamento, instrução de higiene oral e de dieta, profilaxia, raspagem supragengival, aplicação tópica de flúor, além da extração do segundo molar decíduo inferior. Este é o primeiro relato de características orais da síndrome de deleção 2q37.3 dando importância às características observadas nesta paciente. Tais achados também serão úteis na caracterização da síndrome, que é extremamente rara, podendo contribuir para o diagnóstico clínico desses pacientes, além de subsidiar o tratamento odontológico de outros indivíduos. Conclusão: Apresentamos os achados clínicos orais como hipomineralização e hipoplasia, mordida cruzada e aberta, agenesia, taurodontia e cisto dentígero presentes na paciente com a síndrome e sugerimos que o gene envolvido ou sua deleção possam ser responsáveis por tais achados.

Introduction: The 2q37.3 deletion syndrome is a disorder caused by the microdeletion of a subband on chromo-some 2, whose epidemiology is approximately 150 cases worldwide, and the prevalence of 1:10000. Its charac-teristics are developmental delay, facial dysmorphia, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and increased risk of congenital diseases. The purpose is to present, for the first time in the literature, the oral and dental clinical findings associated with the syndrome. Case report: The main physical characteristics of the syndrome were identified during the physical examination: thin upper lip, prominent columella, and epicanthic folds. In the intraoral examination, dental characteristics were reported, which may be associated with the syndrome: accumulation of dental calculus, hypomineralization and hypoplasia, crossbite, open bite, agenesis, taurodontism, and dentigerous cyst. The dental treatment consisted of the application of behavior management techniques, oral hygiene and diet instruction, prophylaxis, supragingival scraping, topical fluoride application, and extraction of the lower second molar. This is the first report of oral characteristics of the 2q37.3 deletion syndrome, giving importance to the characteristics observed in this patient. Such findings will be useful in the characterization of the syndrome, which is extremely rare, and may contribute to the clinical diagnosis of these patients, in addition to subsidizing the dental treatment of other individu-als. Conclusion: We present oral clinical findings such as hypomineralization and hypoplasia, crossed and an open bite, agenesis, taurodontism, and dentigerous cyst present in the patient with the syndrome and we suggest that the involved gene or its deletion may be responsible for such findings.

Web search trends related to oral health issues during the Covid-19 outbreak in Brazil: an infodemiological survey

Objective: To compare the web search trends related to oral health issues during the COVID-19 outbreak with the previous year, focusing on dental trauma (DT), bruxism (BX) and toothache (TA). Methods: It was an infodemiological study carried out using Google Trends tool. Popular terms related to oral health issues investigated were used in Portuguese to retrieve relative search volumes (RSV) normalized by the algorithm. The case period consisted of data relating to the interval from December 12, 2019 to December 12, 2020, while the control period referred to the interval from December 11, 2018 to December 11, 2019. Results: Within the case and control periods, popular terms related to TA were significantly more searched on the web, followed by BX and DT terms (all p-value <0.05). There were higher RSV for all popular terms related to oral health issues investigated during the COVID-19 outbreak than in the previous year (all p-value <0.05), especially in the third and fourth quarters. The mean frequencies were significantly higher in the case period for all oral health issues (all p-value <0.05). Conclusion: In Brazil, it was possible to observe that the web search trends related to oral health issues investigated were greater during the COVID-19 outbreak than in the previous year.

Objetivo: Comparar as tendências de pesquisa na web relacionadas a problemas de saúde bucal durante o surto de COVID-19 com o ano anterior, com foco em trauma dentário (TD), bruxismo (BX) e dor de dente (DD). Métodos: Foi um estudo infodemiológico realizado com a ferramenta Google Trends. Termos populares relacionados aos problemas de saúde bucal investigados foram usados ​​em português para recuperar os volumes relativos de pesquisa (RSV) normalizados pelo algoritmo. O período do caso consistiu em dados referentes ao intervalo de 12 de dezembro de 2019 a 12 de dezembro de 2020, enquanto o período de controle referiu-se ao intervalo de 11 de dezembro de 2018 a 11 de dezembro de 2019. Resultados: Nos períodos de caso e controle, os termos populares relacionados à DD foram significativamente mais pesquisados ​​na web, seguidos pelos termos BX e TD (todos os valores de p<0.05). Houve maior RSV para todos os termos populares relacionados aos problemas de saúde bucal investigados durante o surto de COVID-19 do que no ano anterior (todos os valores de p<0,05), especialmente no terceiro e quarto trimestres. As frequências médias foram significativamente maiores no período do caso para todos os problemas de saúde bucal (todos os valores de p<0,05). Conclusão: No Brasil, foi possível observar que as tendências de buscas na web relacionadas aos problemas de saúde bucal investigados foram maiores durante o surto de COVID-19 do que no ano anterior.