Impact of carbimazole combined with vitamin E on testicular injury induced by experimental hyperthyroidism in adult albino rats: oxidative/inflammatory/apoptotic pathways.

Thyroid hormones play essential roles in spermatogenesis, but their effects on infertile males remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of combining carbimazole (CBZ) with vitamin E (VE) on testicular injury induced by experimental hyperthyroidism in adult albino rats, focusing on oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways. In this experimental study, 64 adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: Group I (control-untreated), Group II (CBZ-control), Group III (VE-control), Group IV (CBZ + VE-control), Group V (levothyroxine-induced testicular injury), Group VI (levothyroxine + CBZ-treated), Group VII (levothyroxine + VE-treated), and Group VIII (levothyroxine + CBZ + VE-treated). The study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (Ismailia, Egypt). After cervical decapitation, both testes and epididymis were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Significant differences were observed among groups concerning malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT; all P < 0.001). Polymerase chain reaction analysis showed significant differences in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), B-cell lymphoma 2 protein (Bcl2), p53, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA levels (all P < 0.001). Hyperthyroid group treated with CBZ alone (Group VI) exhibited testicular side effects, affecting seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis. However, the Group VIII showed improved spermatogenesis and a decrease in testicular side effects. The addition of VE to the treatment of hyperthyroid rats with CBZ reduced testicular side effects and seminiferous tubular affection when potentially improving spermatogenesis. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms fully.

The impact of long term COVID-19 infection on the patients' erectile function and on anxiety and on depression as well as the impact of daily tadalafil 5 mg supplementation in patients with erectile dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: The study examined the impact of long term COVID-19 infection on the patients' erectile function and anxiety and depression in the same patients as well as the impact of daily tadalafil 5 mg supplementation on their erectile function. METHODS: Recovered 114 men were evaluated by the validated Arabic version of the international index of erectile function (ArIIEF-5) and the Arabic versions of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) at time of presentation, at 3 months and at 6 months, respectively. Forty recovered patients who still complained of ED received tadalafil 5 mg daily for 2 months then were evaluated again at 3 and 6 months by penile duplex, the Arabic versions of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) at the same periods, respectively. RESULTS: At the time of presentation, there was a positive correlation between the severity of COVID-19 infection, ArIIEF-5 and PHQ-9 (r = 0.249, p = 0.008; r = 0.241, p = 0.010, respectively). Most of the patients showed normal penile duplex parameters. There were 40 ED patients at presentation, 5 ED patients at 3 months and 3 ED patients at 6 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ED in COVID-19 patients who were not suffering from chronic illnesses before the affection, is primarily psychological and completely responsive to tadalafil.

Role of penile rehabilitation through daily intake of 5 mg tadalafil on erectile dysfunction after different presentations of penile fracture: a prospective case-control study.

PURPOSE: We aimed in the current study to identify the predictive factors of ED occurrence in healthy individuals following penile fracture surgical repair as well as the effect of penile rehabilitation in the form of daily tadalafil 5 mg intake for 1 month for patients who suffered from ED after penile fracture incident. METHOD: The current study was a prospective case-control study. Twenty-five patients were enrolled into the study starting from January (2022) to February (2023). Furthermore, time of presentation was determined, and length of tear intra-operative was measured, and then, a follow-up 1 week postoperatively in the outpatient clinic was conducted. All patients were instructed to start intercourse at least 2 weeks after the first visit provided that the wound epithelialized. Potent patients returned back home. A rehabilitation course of daily tadalafil 5 mg for 1 month was prescribed for patients who started complaining of ED that was confirmed by evaluation with the Arabic validated version of the international index of erectile function (ArIIEF-5). The rehabilitation therapy was terminated by resumption of normal erectile function. Thus, re-evaluation with the ArIIEF-5 was determined according to their response to therapy. Also, the patients were evaluated by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) before and after penile fracture repair. RESULTS: The current study had demonstrated that a 1% increase in age determines an increase in odds ratio for post-penile fracture ED with 73.6% and 1 cm increase in the length of tear determines an increase in odds ratio for post-penile fracture ED with 20.04 times. CONCLUSION: The current study enhances the proper counseling of these patients prior to repairing the defect about the probability of ED occurrence as well as initiating early penile rehabilitation to help these patients resuming their normal sexual activity as soon as possible.

The value of platelet-rich plasma in women with previous implantation failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of intrauterine PRP to improve IVF outcome in women with previous implantation failure. METHODS: Screening of Pubmed, Web of Science, and other databases from inception to August 2022 using the keywords related to "platelet-rich plasma" OR "PRP" AND "IVF" "implantation failure." Twenty-nine studies (3308 participants) were included in our analysis, 13 were RCTs, 6 were prospective cohorts, 4 were prospective single arm, and 6 were retrospective analyses. Extracted data included settings of the study, study type, sample size, participants' characteristics, route, volume, timing of PRP administration, and outcome parameters. RESULTS: Implantation rate was reported in 6 RCTs (886 participants) and 4 non-RCTs (732 participants). The odds ratio (OR) effect estimate was 2.62 and 2.06, with 95% CI of 1.83, 3.76, and 1.03-4.11, respectively. Endometrial thickness was compared in 4 RCTs (307 participants) and 9 non-RCTs (675 participants), which showed a mean difference of 0.93 and 1.16, with 0.59-1.27 and 0.68-1.65 95% CI, respectively. CONCLUSION: PRP administration improves implantation, clinical pregnancy, chemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth rates, and endometrial thickness in women with previous implantation failure.

Effect of topical oxytocin gel on vaginal mucosa in postmenopausal Egyptian women: a clinical randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Vaginal atrophy is common after menopause and is often linked to sexual dysfunction, particularly dyspareunia. AIM: The study aimed to investigate the effect of intravaginally applied oxytocin on expressions of vaginal atrophy. METHODS: Fifty postmenopausal women aged 47 to 66 years with vaginal atrophy participated in this double-blinded placebo-controlled study. The women were randomized to intravaginal treatment with either gel with 600 IU/mL of oxytocin (oxytocin group) or gel alone (control group) once daily for 2 weeks. The gel consisted of hypromellose, pH 3.8 (Vagovital). OUTCOMES: The color of the vaginal mucosa, the vaginal pH, and the cytology of vaginal epithelial cells were investigated before and after treatment. RESULTS: The color of the vaginal mucosa shifted from pale to red in all 25 patients treated with oxytocin but only in 4 patients in the control group (P < .001). There was a significant decrease in intravaginal pH in the oxytocin group and the control group, with the delta value being significantly greater in the oxytocin group than in the control group (P < .001). The vaginal maturation index increased significantly (P < .001) in the oxytocin group but not in the control group. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Topical oxytocin gel offers an effective solution to the sexual dysfunction that is related to vaginal atrophy after menopause. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: Strengths include studying different outcomes of applying the oxytocin gel for vaginal atrophy. Limitations include the small-scale population with a relatively short duration of treatment (2 weeks). CONCLUSION: Intravaginal treatment with a gel containing 600 IU/mL of oxytocin effectively counteracts physical expressions of vaginal atrophy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05275270; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05275270).

Estimation of Serum and Seminal Plasma Levels of Glactin-1 in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia Cases and Their Correlations with the Rate of Sperm Retrieval: A Comparative Prospective Study.

Background: Remarkably, the current study is one of the first to deploy galectin-1 (Gal-1) in determining the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis among cases with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) as well as utilizing it as a biomarker to predict the rate of sperm retrieval in these patients. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the seminal plasma and serum levels of Gal-1 in NOA patients as well as their correlations with Johnsen's tubular biopsy scoring (JTBS). Methods: The current case control study included totally 48 patients with NOA whose ages ranged from 24 to 46 years old and 50 age matched healthy controls. Gal-1 levels were measured in both seminal plasma and serum of all subjects by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: A significant negative correlation between seminal plasma levels of Gal-1 and JTBS was detected (r= -0.281, p=0.048) in the NOA cases. Interestingly, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve had demonstrated that the cutoff value of seminal plasma levels of Gal-1 in determining azoospermia was >0.735 ng/ml and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.858. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values for seminal plasma levels of Gal-1 were 76, 92, 90.5, and 79.3, respectively. In addition, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values for serum levels of Gal-1 were 38, 66, 52.8, and 51.6, respectively. Conclusion: Seminal plasma levels of Gal-1 are higher in NOA men versus healthy controls. Interestingly, negative correlation of seminal plasma levels of Gal-1 with JTBS was determined. Thus, it can be used as a good predictor for NOA cases.

Is music intervention effective in reducing anxiety and pain during breast biopsy procedure? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) about the effect of music intervention in reducing patients' anxiety during breast biopsy. METHODS: Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using the relevant MeSH terms. The inclusion criteria were all RCTs assessing the effect of music therapy versus no music in reducing anxiety during breast biopsy. The extracted outcomes were anxiety and pain during breast biopsy. They were pooled as mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in a fixed-effects model, using Review Manager 5.3 software for windows. The quality of included studies was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool (RoB 1.0). Then, the outcomes of our meta-analyses were independently evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to know the grade of their evidence. RESULTS: The final analysis included five RCTs. We found a positive effect of music therapy in reducing anxiety levels compared with control group (MD = - 2.11; 95% CI (- 4.16 to - 0.06); p = 0.04). No difference between music and control groups regarding pain associated with breast biopsy (MD = 0.22; 95% CI (- 0.81 to 1.25); p = 0.68). The GRADE rating of our outcomes was low for anxiety levels and very low for pain during the biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy could be an effective, simple, non-pharmacological option in relieving anxiety during breast biopsy; however, it had no effect on procedure-associated pain. More large and high-quality studies are needed to confirm our results.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) polymorphisms as predictive biomarkers for the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV Egyptian patients.

BACKGROUND: Considering the immune evasion role of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer development, its genomic variations might be closely associated with disease development and cancer risks. Accordingly, this study was performed to investigate how the PD-L1 gene polymorphisms affect the susceptibility to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced liver cirrhosis and cancer development in the Egyptian population. METHODOLOGY: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the PD-L1 gene; rs2297136 (A > G) and rs4143815 (C > G), were studied in 50 HCV, 51 liver cirrhosis, and 52 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients as well as 50 healthy subjects using real-time PCR. RESULTS: The frequencies of PD-L1 rs2297136 AA and rs4143815 GG genotypes were significantly higher in the liver cirrhosis than the control and HCV groups. The rs4143815 CG and GG genotypes were linked to a higher risk of developing HCC and were positively associated with the clinicopathological features of HCC. CONCLUSIONS: The PD-L1 rs2297136 AA and rs4143815 GG genotypes increase the susceptibility to liver cirrhosis. The rs4143815 CG and GG genotypes are positively associated with HCC risk and its clinicopathological characteristics. Therefore, HCV patients carrying the PD-L1 rs4143815 G-allele should be followed up on a regular basis to allow for early HCC management.

Study of the role of microRNAs 16 and 135a in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation receiving fluoxetine daily for 3 months: A prospective case control study.

We aimed to determine the level of miRNAs 16 and 135a in lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) patients versus controls. Moreover, we evaluated the potential interplay between the studied miRNAs and fluoxetine in these patients after utilizing fluoxetine daily for 3 months. The study involved 60 consecutive LPE patients and 20 healthy age matched individuals as controls. The median miRNA16 was significantly higher in the controls (1.02) compared to the patients (0.31) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the median miRNA-135a was significantly higher in the controls compared to the patients 1.02 and 0.35, p < 0.001, respectively. In addition, the median pre-treatment miRNA16 in the responders was 0.29 that significantly increased to 0.66 (p < 0.001). The median pre-treatment miRNA-135a in the responders was 0.27 that significantly increased to 0.65 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, considering EXP(ß) for the odds ratio evaluation, with a 95% degree of confidence, a 1 fold increase in pre-treatment miRNA 135a fold change decreases the odds for being responsive to SSRI by 0.028. Meanwhile, there was non-significant association between fluoxetine responsiveness and age, pre-treatment miRNA 16, pre-treatment PEDT and pre-treatment IELT. The current study had shown that a lower pre-treatment miRNA 135a was significantly associated with response to fluoxetine.

Hysteroscopic management versus ultrasound-guided evacuation for women with first-trimester pregnancy loss, a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the hysteroscopic management of first-trimester pregnancy loss compared to surgical evacuation either blind or under ultrasonographic guidance . METHODS: This clinical trial included 315 women with first-trimester pregnancy loss, divided equally into three groups. Group 1 underwent traditional blind surgical evacuation, group 2 underwent ultrasound-guided evacuation, and group 3 underwent hysteroscopic management. All women were assessed for retained products, surgical complications, the need for further management, and pregnancy occurrence after evacuation within 2 years of follow up. RESULTS: The rate of presence of conception remnants and the need for further treatment was significantly higher in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3 (4.8% vs. 0% vs. 0%, P = 0.012). The conception rate within 2 years was significantly lower in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3 (57.4% vs. 73.2% vs. 82.7%, P = 0.002), and the duration needed to conceive was significantly prolonged in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3 (9.8 vs. 8.3 vs. 6.9 months, P < 0.001). Interestingly, women who underwent hysteroscopic management needed a significantly shorter time to conceive than those who underwent ultrasound-guided evacuation (6.9 vs. 8.3 months, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopic management of first-trimester pregnancy loss was superior to ultrasound-guided surgical evacuation regarding the time interval to conceive. Both techniques were superior to the blind evacuation technique regarding removal of the whole conception remnants, need for further treatment and fertility outcomes. Clinical trial registration: It was first registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 16/03/2017 with registration number NCT03081104.

Amenorrhea, premenstrual tension syndrome, and dysmenorrhea among women of reproductive age on hemodialysis: A national study in Egypt.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The current literature concerning the reproductive health of end stage renal disease (ESRD) females is scarce, outdated, and largely unknown in women living in developing countries. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of menstrual abnormalities and their associated factors among ESRD women in reproductive age undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD) in Egypt. METHODS: Thirty-five dialysis centers were selected by simple random sampling to represent the different regions of Egypt. Non-pregnant women in the reproductive age (15-50 years) receiving dialysis at the participating centers completed a questionnaire about their menstrual health during a routine hemodialysis session. Their responses were verified by reviewing the medical records and assessing their clinical data. RESULTS: Out of the 472 women, 32.6% had amenorrhea. Menstrual irregularities were reported in 37% of the menstruating women. Premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) was reported in 70% while dysmenorrhea in 58%. Amenorrhea was more prevalent in non-working women who started hemodialysis after the age of 30. PMS was more encountered in women with hypertension or in those with obstructive uropathy or autoimmune disease as a cause of ESRD. Dysmenorrhea was more prevalent among patients with autoimmune disease or chronic hepatitis C virus and those who started dialysis after the age of 30. CONCLUSION: Secondary amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and PMS are common among premenopausal women with ESRD on dialysis. Several factors including socio-economic factors, cause of ESRD, and hypertension contribute to these disorders. Future studies are needed to understand the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms and management of these abnormalities.

Delayed versus early pushing during the second stage of labour in primigravidas under epidural anaesthesia with occipitoposterior malposition: a randomised controlled study.

This randomised controlled trial aimed to compare the effect of early and delayed pushing during the second stage of labour in women with occipitoposterior (OP) malposition. It included 184 nulliparous women with OP position randomised to early pushing in which women were allowed to push within one hour after full cervical dilatation or delayed pushing in which women were asked not to push for maximum of three hours or start pushing when the vertex was visible. The primary outcome was successful vaginal delivery. The rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery was significantly higher in the early pushing group (80.4 vs. 60.9%, p=.004) while the rate of instrumental vaginal delivery (30.4 vs. 15.4%) and CS (8.7 vs. 4.3%) was significantly higher in the delayed pushing group. Women in the delayed pushing group showed a significantly longer duration of the second stage (129.4 ± 7.5 vs. 61.6 ± 15.3 minutes, p<.001) and shorter duration of pushing (219.8 ± 74.8 vs. 693.9 ± 145.2 seconds, p<.001) .The rate of 2nd and 3rd degree perineal lacerations (19.6 and 13% vs. 5.4 and 8.7% respectively, p=.013) and vaginal tears (41.3 vs. 8.7%, p<.001) was significantly higher in the early pushing group. We concluded that early pushing during the second stage of labour is associated with higher rates of spontaneous vaginal delivery and vaginal and perineal lacerations.Clinical trial registration NCT03121274.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? Occipitoposterior malposition is common during delivery especially in primigravida and is associated with higher rates of instrumental delivery and caesarean section. It can be managed through early or delayed pushing.What the results of this study add? Early pushing is associated with higher rates of spontaneous vaginal delivery, perineal and vaginal tears, shorter duration of second stage of labour, shorter duration of pushing, lower rates of both instrumental vaginal delivery and caesarean section.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Early pushing during the second stage of labour is associated with higher rates of spontaneous vaginal delivery and vaginal and perineal lacerations in women with OP malposition and should be tried and not delaying the pushing.

Predictive factors of erectile dysfunction in Egyptian individuals after contracting COVID-19: A prospective case-control study.

This study aimed to screen healthy individuals who contracted COVID-19 for erectile dysfunction (ED) and to determine the potential risk factors that can predict ED in these individuals. One hundred and seven cases versus 90 controls agreed to participate in the study. Two structured interviews with 1 month interval were conducted. All participants were evaluated by the validated Arabic version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) and assessment of the psychological state by Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS). Interestingly, the study had demonstrated a significant difference in mean testosterone level between cases and controls (3.91 ± 2.31, 5.04 ± 2.22, p < 0.001 respectively). Additionally, the study had demonstrated a significant difference in mean IIEF-5 score between cases and controls (22.63 ± 2.79, 23.54 ± 1.26, p < 0.041 respectively). Moreover, there were significant differences in mean anxiety and stress scores of the cases before and after COVID-19 (4.95 ± 4.03, 6.19 ± 3.55, p = 0.022, 12.75 ± 9.98, 15.30 ± 7.42, p = 0.024 respectively). A multiple logistic regression model for predicting ED occurrence post-COVID-19 had revealed that smoking, baseline IIEF-5 score and COVID-19 severity (p = 0.022, p = 0.017, p = 0.021, p = 0.009, p = 0.008 respectively) were the only significant independent variables.

Smoking status and the baseline international index of erectile function score can predict satisfactory response to platelet-rich plasma in patients with erectile dysfunction: A prospective pilot study.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition with a significant impact on the quality of life. Regenerative medicine maladies are intended to repair or replace damaged tissues and organs through different therapeutic mechanisms. Our aim was to study the effect of intra-corporeal injection (ICI) of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in ED patients. Thirty-four patients' erectile function was evaluated by filling up an abridged form of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) before and after PRP therapy. ICI of PRP was done once per week for 2 months. All patients were prescribed PDE5Is for one month after PRP therapy. Penile haemodynamics was assessed using 20 µg of PGE1 before and 3 months after initiating PRP therapy. Interestingly, our study had shown that there was a statistically significant difference in the IIEF-5 score after ICI of PRP (-5.5, ±5.2, p=<0.001). Furthermore, in multiple logistic regression model for PRP responsiveness, smoking and IIEF score before PRP were the only significant independent variables (p = .040, p = .023 respectively). PRP injection for ED patients may be a promising modality as well as baseline IIEF-5, and smoking status can be used as predictors for a satisfactory response to PRP in such patients.

Assessment of sexual functions in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by repetitive cessation of breathing during sleep. It affects different aspects of sexuality. We aimed to assess male sexual function & risk factors in obstructive sleep apnea patients. METHODS: This case control study included 2 groups, 45 healthy volunteers as control group and 45 patients with confirmed diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. All the participants were subjected to measurement of Body Mass Index, Full night polysomnography (only for patients group) and serum total testosterone, FSH and LH. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 and Hamilton Depression Scale questionnaires were filed out for all participants. RESULTS: The mean scores for all sexual domains were significantly lower among the patients group compared to the control group (p<0.01). The Hamilton score was significantly higher among the patients group compared to the control group (p<0.0001). The mean levels of Testosterone and LH were significantly lower among the patients group compared to controls (p<0.0001), There were significant correlations between disease severity and age (r=0.48, p=0.001), Body mass index (r=0.48, p=0.001), Hamilton score (r=0.34, p=0.014) International Index of Erectile Function 5 domain score (r= -0.29, p=0.045)Testosterone level (r= -0.29, p=0.046) and LH levels (r= -0.104, p=0.049). CONCLUSION: We found that all domains of sexual function have been affected in patients group than controls. Their score was inversely related to the disease severity; which in turn has a complex interaction with other factors like age, obesity, hormones and psychological status. So when evaluating those patients, sexual dysfunction should be considered and assessed along with these factors.

Effect of subcutaneous tissue closure technique in cesarean section on postoperative wound complications in obese Egyptian women.

Subcutaneous tissue closure technique is a wide area of interest for obstetricians who perform cesarean section especially on obese women while many observers studied in an extensive manner postoperative pain and wound cosmetic results. AIM OF THE WORK: The main goal of our work was to display the differences in wound outcome results as regard postoperative wound complications comparing the two widely implemented techniques in subcutaneous tissue closure (interrupted versus continuous methods). RESULTS: A comparative analysis between continuous and interrupted techniques regarding wound complications (gapping, seroma, erythema, and infection) showing statistical significant differences in all four wound complications presented with p values = .019, .011, .015, and .001, in consecutive order with odds ratio in wound gapping = 5.239, wound seroma OR = 9.429, wound erythema OR = 3.709, and wound infection OR = 6.136. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous wound closure using interrupted technique of suturing in obese patients is superior to continuous technique as regard wound complications. Clinical trials.gov ID Identifier (NCT03354078).

Urine test for HPV genotypes as a predictor of precancerous cervical lesions and for cervical cancer screening.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity of a urine test for high-risk HPV DNA genotypes in the detection of high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (HSIL) and its correlation with pathologic precancerous lesions. METHODS: The present prospective cross-sectional study included women referred to Kasr AlAiny Medical School, Cairo, Egypt, for cervical smear anomalies, a history of cervical smear anomalies, or for suspicious cervix between May 1, 2015, and April 30, 2017. Paired urine tests and cervical smears were performed. HPV DNA was detected in urine using polymerase chain reaction and cervical smears were performed with a cervical spatula and a cytobrush. Agreement between urine test results and pathology was examined. RESULTS: In total, 1375 women were included. Urine test for high-risk HPV DNA demonstrated 97.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.1%-99.7%) sensitivity and 100% (95% CI 99.7%-100.0%) specificity for HSIL. Overall, 87 women had a positive urine test for high-risk HPV; of these, 82 (94.3%, 95% CI 87.1%-98.1%) had pathologic findings of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 2 or 3 (CIN2/3). Similarly, 89 women had HSIL cytology; again, 82 had CIN2/3 (92.1%; 95% CI, 84.3%-96.4%). CONCLUSION: There was good agreement between a positive urine test for high-risk HPV DNA genotypes and pathologic findings of CIN2/3.