Anti-inflammatory effects of bromocriptine in a patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.

Excessive prolactin release and/or receptor action may be implicated in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune disorders. We report here a case of a woman who developed Graves' disease and subclinical autoimmune adrenal failure, and was diagnosed as having autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2. Because of coexisting microprolactinoma she was treated with bromocriptine for 24 months. This treatment resulted in a normalization of thyroid and adrenal function tests (with the exception of 21-hydroxylase antibodies) and reduced monocyte cytokine release. Our study indicates that bromocriptine and probably also the remaining prolactin-lowering agents produce anti-inflammatory effects and may prevent or delay the progression of autoimmune disorders of endocrine glands.

Coexistence of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 and diabetes insipidus in pregnancy.

Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes are rarely diagnosed conditions characterized by the association of at least 2 organ-specific autoimmune disorders. Very few cases of these syndromes have been described during pregnancy. The authors report a case of a patient diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis and a history of HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet) syndrome in a prior pregnancy. After increasing the levothyroxine dose, she developed Addisonian crisis. Normalization of adrenal cortex function resulted in the appearance of diabetes insipidus. This report shows that pregnancy may influence the course of preexisting endocrine disorders and lead to their unmasking. Although the risk of the development of autoimmune polyglandular syndromes during pregnancy is small, they may pose a serious health problem. The possible presence of these clinical entities should be considered in every woman with 1 or more endocrine disturbances.

[Budd-Chiari syndrome induced by hormonal oral contraception in the patient with congenital thrombophilia-factor V Leiden mutation--a case report]. / Zespól Budd-Chiari indukowany doustna antykoncepcja hormonalna u pacjentki z wrodzona trombofilia-mutacja czynnika V Leiden--opis przypadku.

The Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare pathology resulting from various etiological factors which often contribute to its late diagnosis. Liver cirrhosis, malignant tumors and haematological disorders resulting in hypercoagulability, are the most common reasons of Budd-Chiari syndrome. The syndrome is characterized by portal hypertension and splanchnic congestion due to obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. The first symptoms include pain, ascites and hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome can be achieved by Doppler ultrasonography, Computed Tomography scan, Magnetic Resonance or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. In the following article, a case report of a patient with diagnosed Budd-Chiari syndrome as a result of congenital thrombophilia-factor V Leiden gene mutation is presented. Clinical symptoms, diagnostic process, as well as treatment options, were shown in the article.