RESUMO
Glycyrrhiza glabra and its phytoconstituents have been known to possess widespread pharmacological properties as an anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, antitumour and hepatoprotective drug. In this study, we examined the inhibitory potential of extract of G. glabra (GutGard™) root and its phytoconstituents (glabridin, glycyrrhizin, and isoliquiritigenin) on both cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) products in order to understand the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action. Inhibitory effect of GutGard™ and its phytoconstituents on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), calcimycin (A23187) induced thromboxane (TXB(2)), and leukotriene (LTB(4)) release was studied using murine macrophages (J774A.1) and human neutrophil (HL-60) cells. Results revealed that, G. glabra and glabridin significantly inhibited PGE(2), TXB(2) (COX) and LTB(4) (LOX), while, isoliquiritigenin exerted inhibitory effect only against COX products but failed to suppress LOX product. However, glycyrrhizin at the tested concentrations failed to exhibit inhibitory effect on both COX and LOX products. Here, we report for the first time that G. glabra (almost devoid of glycyrrhizin) exhibits anti-inflammatory property likely through the inhibition of PGE(2), TXB(2) and LTB(4) in mammalian cell assay system, which could be influenced in part by glabridin and isoliquiritigenin.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Glycyrrhiza/química , Lipoxigenase/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintases/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Calcimicina/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Chalconas/farmacologia , Chalconas/uso terapêutico , Dinoprostona/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácido Glicirrízico/farmacologia , Ácido Glicirrízico/uso terapêutico , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Isoflavonas/farmacologia , Isoflavonas/uso terapêutico , Leucotrieno B4/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Fenóis/farmacologia , Fenóis/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Raízes de Plantas/química , Tromboxano B2/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
Thin layer chromatography bioautography (using DPPH spray reagent) guided fractionation of Glycyrrhiza glabra led to the isolation of two caffeic acid derivative esters, viz. eicosanyl caffeate (1) and docosyl caffeate (2). The two compounds exhibited potent elastase inhibitory activity, with IC(50) values of 0.99 microg mL(-1) and 1.4 microg mL(-1) for 1 and 2, respectively. The compounds also showed moderate antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. The results indicate a possible role of caffeic acid derivatives, in addition to flavonoids in the anti-ulcer properties of G. glabra.