Social-ecological filters drive the functional diversity of beetles in homegardens of campesinos and migrants in the southern Andes.

Homegardens are coupled social-ecological systems that act as biodiversity reservoirs while contributing to local food sovereignty. These systems are characterized by their structural complexity, while involving management practices according to gardener's cultural origin. Social-ecological processes in homegardens may act as filters of species' functional traits, and thus influence the species richness-functional diversity relationship of critical agroecosystem components like beetles (Coleoptera). We tested the species richness-functional diversity relationship of beetle communities and examined whether habitat structure across different levels, sociodemographic profiles, and management practices act as filters in homegardens in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot, Chile. For 100 homegardens (50 campesino and 50 migrant), we sampled beetles and habitat attributes, and surveyed gardeners' sociodemographic profiles and management practices. We recorded 85 beetle species and found a positive relationship between species richness and functional richness that saturated when functionally similar species co-occur more often than expected by chance, indicating functional redundancy in species-rich homegardens. Gardener origin (campesino/migrant), homegarden area (m2), structural complexity (index), and pest control strategy (natural, chemical, or none) were the most influential social-ecological filters that selectively remove beetle species according to their functional traits. We discuss opportunities in homegarden management for strengthening local functional diversity and resilience under social-environmental changes.

A path forward for qualitative research on sustainability in the COVID-19 pandemic.

The unique strengths of qualitative research, through in-depth inquiry and identification of unexpected themes and linkages, is essential to our growing understanding of COVID-19's impacts on the social world and its intersection with sustainability science. However, many challenges-physical, psychological, and ethical in nature-face qualitative researchers during the pandemic, as social distancing and travel restrictions prevent in-person field work. In this paper, we outline the essential contributions of qualitative study to sustainability science, discuss current challenges, and in turn, provide recommendations for researchers.

Risco de depressão e ansiedade em gestantes na atenção primária / Risk of depression and anxiety in pregnant women in primary care / Riesgo de depresión y ansiedad en mujeres embarazadas

Objetivo: Identificar os riscos para depressão e ansiedade em gestantes de uma unidade de saúde da Atenção Primária. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem quantitativa realizado entre fevereiro a abril de 2020 em uma unidade de Saúde de Olinda-PE (Brasil); foi utilizado o instrumento validado "Cartão de Babel". A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo Statistical Package for Social Sciencies por meio do teste Qui-quadrado com correção de Yates (significância de 5% - p≤0,05). Resultados: 71 gestantes foram analisadas, dentre os quais 32,3% referiram já ter sofrido violência psicológica. Por meio do Cartão de Babel verificou-se que 49,3% das gestantes tinham alto risco para o desenvolvimento de transtorno de ansiedade (p-valor: 0,004) e 29,5% apresentou risco moderado para depressão (p-valor: 0,004). Conclusão: Iniciativas preventivas à ocorrência da depressão e ansiedade na gestação, como o monitoramento da saúde mental e o seu rastreio durante a consulta de pré-natal são necessários.(AU)

Objective: To identify the risks for depression and anxiety in pregnant women in a Primary Health Care unit. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach carried out between February and April 2020 at a Health Unit in Olinda-PE (Brazil); the validated instrument "Babel Card" was used. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciencies using the Chi-square test with Yates correction (significance of 5% - p≤0.05). Results: 71 pregnant women were analyzed, among which 32.3% reported having suffered psychological violence. Through the Babel Card, it was found that 49.3% of pregnant women were at high risk for the development of anxiety disorder (p-value: 0.004) and 29.5% had a moderate risk for depression (p-value: 0.004). Conclusion: Preventive initiatives for the occurrence of depression and anxiety during pregnancy, such as monitoring mental health and tracking it during the prenatal consultation are necessary.(AU)

Objetivo: Identificar los riesgos de depresión y ansiedad en gestantes en una unidad de Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo exploratorio con abordaje cuantitativo realizado entre febrero y abril de 2020 en una Unidad de Salud de Olinda-PE (Brasil); Se utilizó el instrumento validado "Babel Card". El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el paquete estadístico para ciencias sociales mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado con corrección de Yates (significancia del 5% - p≤0.05). Resultados: Se analizaron 71 mujeres embarazadas, de las cuales el 32,3% refirió haber sufrido violencia psicológica. A través de la Tarjeta Babel, se encontró que el 49,3% de las mujeres embarazadas tenían alto riesgo de desarrollar trastorno de ansiedad (valor p: 0,004) y el 29,5% tenían un riesgo moderado de depresión (valor p: 0,004). Conclusión: Son necesarias iniciativas preventivas para la aparición de depresión y ansiedad durante el embarazo, como el seguimiento de la salud mental y su seguimiento durante la consulta prenatal.(AU)