A Green High-k Dielectric from Modified Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based with Dextrin.

Many crucial components inside electronic devices are made from non-renewable, non-biodegradable, and potentially toxic materials, leading to environmental damage. Finding alternative green dielectric materials is mandatory to align with global sustainable goals. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a bio-polymer derived from cellulose and has outstanding properties. Herein, citric acid, dextrin, and CMC based hydrogels are prepared, which are biocompatible and biodegradable and exhibit rubber-like mechanical properties, with Young modulus values of 0.89 MPa. Hence, thin film CMC-based hydrogel is explored as a suitable green high-k dielectric candidate for operation at low voltages, demonstrating a high dielectric constant of up to 78. These fabricated transistors reveal stable high capacitance (2090 nF cm-2) for ≈±3 V operation. Using a polyelectrolyte-type approach and poly-(2-vinyl anthracene) (PVAn) surface modification, this study demonstrates a thin dielectric layer (d ≈30 nm) with a small voltage threshold (Vth ≈-0.8 V), moderate transconductance (gm ≈65 nS), and high ON-OFF ratio (≈105). Furthermore, the dielectric layer exhibits stable performance under bias stress of ± 3.5 V and 100 cycles of switching tests. The modified CMC-based hydrogel demonstrates desirable performance as a green dielectric for low-voltage operation, further highlighting its biocompatibility.

Immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity from Indonesian anti-degenerative herbs water extract.

OBJECTIVES: The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made the number of patients gradually increase. Currently, the vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 is being researched and most of the people have to trust their immune system and being healthy as long as they could in the mean times. High antioxidant food is recommended for the people whom currently are reducing their activity from home with good exercise. Therefore, this research was focused on the Indonesian anti-degenerative herbs water extract for an immunomodulatory activity to maintain healthy productivity of lymphocyte cells and to regulate neutrophil cells production, also with antioxidant activity to maintain optimal function of the immune system. METHODS: The antioxidant activity test was conducted with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the immunomodulator ability test was conducted with DDY-strain female mice (Mus musculus) for 28 days in five different groups. RESULTS: The IC50 for gallic acid and mixed herbs extract solutions was 1.89 and 146.91 µg/mL, respectively. The immunomodulatory activity was determined from the result of leukocytes differentiation which could be seen from the lymphocytes and neutrophil t-test results that were significant at p<0.1. CONCLUSIONS: From the results, it can be concluded that anti-degenerative extract has moderate antioxidant activity and an immunomodulator ability to regulate the productivity of lymphocyte and neutrophil cells.