[The capacities of current test systems to verify early HIV infection].

The purpose of the present investigation was to comparatively evaluate the performance characteristics of the test systems designed to verify the positive results of screening survey for HIV infection, such as the solid-phase immunoassay DS-EIA-HIV-AB/AG-SPECTR (Diagnosticheskiye Sistemy (Diagnostic Systems) Research-and-Production Association, Nizhni Novgorod) and tests based on immune blotting (IB). The investigation examined 15 seroconversion panels produced by ZeptoMetrix (USA) and BBI (USA). The use of the DS-EIA-HIV-AB/AG-SPECTR test system determined 88 of the 167 seroconversion panels as HIV positive. The IB-based tests revealed only 45 of the 167 samples as positive. Consequently, the application of the DS-EIA-HIV-AB/AG-SPECTR test system is more effective than the IB-based tests in early HIV infection.

[Clinical picture, diagnostics and treatment of acute pancreatitis].

In clause results of treatment of 1794 patients with a sharp pancreatitis are analyzed. The interstial form was observed at 1186 are sick, for 608 (33,9%) patients has been diagnosed pancreonecrosis. Men (73%) prevailed, the age was within the limits of from 18 till 75 years, middle age has made 46,7 years. The basic part of patients (97,3%) have acted in hospitals in a phase fermental [Cyrillic word: see text]. During till 24 o'clock from the beginning of disease 24,6% patients have acted only, at other patients terms from the beginning of disease exceeded 24 and more hours. Spent complex infusion, antifermental and antibacterial therapy. During medical-diagnostic laparoscopic spent [Cyrillic word: see text] a belly cavity, retrogastric bags and formation of holecyctostoms. At presence of purulent complications of pancreonecrosis a unconditional priority gave littletrauwm to methods of treatment (a puncture abscesses under UZ prompting, and as during retroperitoneoscopy). Duration of treatment at a simple pancreatitis has averaged 15,4 days, at pancreonecrosis 22,9, at purulent complications of a destructive pancreatitis it reached 39,8 day. Mortalyti at a sharp pancreatitis has made 2,2% (26 patients), at pancreonecrosis 9,7% (59 patients), and at purulent complications of a destructive pancreatitis 25,7% (17 patients).

Experience with the Nidek MK-2000 microkeratome in 1,220 cases.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of the Nidek MK-2000 microkeratome. METHODS: The Nidek MK-2000 microkeratome was used in 1,220 cases of LASIK with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. Patients had a wide range of myopia (-0.75 to -25.00 D), hyperopia (+0.75 to +9.00 D) and/or astigmatism (-7.00 to +6.50 D). The flap was created with the 130-microm microkeratome plate for 859 eyes, and the 160-microm plate for 361 eyes. In 632 eyes, the 8.5-mm ring was used, and the 9.5-mm ring was used in 588 eyes. The flap hinge was placed nasally, superiorly, or inferiorly depending on the needs of the case. An easy external modification allowed us to gently increase and decrease the vacuum level and to perform the procedure using a low vacuum regimen, if necessary. RESULTS: The edges of the flaps and the corneal surface were of good quality in all eyes. No free flaps were noted. One case was aborted because of inappropriate flap formation in a patient with a large difference (6.50 D) in corneal curvature in two main meridians. This patient successfully underwent LASIK 1 month later, placing the flap hinge in the opposite direction. Small epithelial shrinkage was noted in 38 eyes. No other flap complications were noted. In all patients the flap diameter and thickness were close to that estimated by the manufacturer. The vacuum level was adequate and stable in all cases. CONCLUSION: The Nidek MK-2000 microkeratome was easy to use, predictable, and safe. However, we suggest a modification, adding an adjustable head movement to create wider hinge-to-center-of-pupil distance and an additional 9.0-mm suction ring.

[Sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-test-system for diagnosing HIV infections]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' i spetsifichnost' PTsR-test-sistemy dlia diagnostiki VICh-infektsii.

Sensitivity and specificity of the Russian PCR test system (experimental lot) were assessed with materials from 107 Russian patients with HIV infection and 100 donors without specific antibodies to HIV-1. The electrophoretic and hybridization-enzymatic methods for amplicon detection were compared. The sensitivity of electrophoresis was 89.9%, specificity 91%; for hybridization-enzymatic detection these values were 96.1 and 100%, respectively. Samples which yielded false-negative results were repeatedly tested by two-staged amplification (nested PCR) with external and internal primers. The main cause of false-negative results was a low concentration of proviral HIV-1 DNA in some blood samples.

[Long-term results in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome]. / Otdalënnye rezultaty lecheniia bolnykh s sindromom razdrazhennoi tolstoi kishki.

Long-term follow-up results obtained for 143 patients suffering from spastic colon confirmed stressogenic character of the disease recurrences and high effectiveness of the measures affecting psychic and emotional spheres (drugs and acupuncture). Adequate therapeutic regimens support compensatory reserves of the patients and permit them to avoid invalidity.

[The biogenic amine level of patients with functional and inflammatory diseases of the large intestine]. / Soderzhanie biogennykh aminov u bol'nykh s funktsional'nymi i vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami tolstoi kishki.

Patients with functional and inflammatory diseases of large intestine revealed changes of the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system both in the hormonal and peripheral mediator links, i. e. against the background of pronounced deficit of noradrenaline all groups of patients showed an increased level of adrenalin indicating tension of medullary layer of the adrenal. The blood serotonin content was of value in the differential diagnosis of irritation syndrome of the colon and unspecific ulcerative colitis.

[Economic effectiveness of the introduction of a new method of conservative treatment of chalazion]. / Ekonomicheskaia éffektivnost' vnedreniia novogo sposoba konservativnogo lecheniia khalaziona.

The authors analyze the economic efficacy of a new method for chalazion therapy: corticosteroid injections deep into the pathologic focus. Such therapy may be carried out on an outpatient basis, the patients do not have to cease work for it. The authors emphasize high socioeconomic significance of introducing this method into clinical practice.

[Cyclic nucleotides and serotonin in the blood of patients with functional and inflammatory diseases of the large intestine]. / Tsiklicheskie nukleotidy i serotonin krovi bo'lnykh s funktsio- na'lnymi i vospalite'lnymi zabolevaniiami tolstoi kishki.

The blood levels of cyclic nucleotides and serotonin were measured in 143 patients with functional and inflammatory diseases of the large intestine. The patients were divided into 3 groups administered various treatment: drug (basic) therapy in Group 1, basic therapy + alternating magnetic field in Group 2, and basic therapy + sinusoidal modulated currents in Group 3. Follow-up of the examined parameters over the course of treatment has shown that by day 16 of inpatient treatment they normalize, this demonstrating the treatment efficacy.