First isolation of the Stephanoascus ciferrii in feline otitis in Brazil.

Ear infections in cats are uncommon, especially involving yeasts. This report describes the first isolation of the Stephanoascus ciferrii, teleomorph of the Candida genus, in a case of feline otitis in Brazil. The identification and characterization of Stephanoascus ciferrii were confirmed by the Vitek2 System (BioMerieux ®).

First isolation of the Stephanoascus ciferrii in feline otitis in Brazil

Ear infections in cats are uncommon, especially involving yeasts. This report describes the first isolation of the Stephanoascus ciferrii, teleomorph of the Candida genus, in a case of feline otitis in Brazil. The identification and characterization of Stephanoascus ciferrii were confirmed by the Vitek2 System (BioMerieux ®).

The use of (1-3) ß-glucan along with itraconazole against canine refractory sporotrichosis.

Sporotrichosis, caused by the Sporothrix schenckii fungal complex, is a zoonotic mycosis distributed worldwide. Itraconazole is the treatment of choice for domestic animals although some fungal isolates have shown resistance to this drug. The objective of this study was to report, for the first time, the use of (1-3) ß-glucan along with itraconazole in the treatment of a canine with sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis. The animal had ulcerated and crusted lesions, especially on the nasal planum. Clinical samples were collected for a complete blood count, cytological analysis of the lesion, and fungal culture. Based on the results of the laboratory examination, and after the fungal culture, antibiotic therapy and treatment with itraconazole were initiated. Two additional fungal cultures were performed, which were positive. After 7 months of the animal treatment with itraconazole, the S. brasiliensis culture was still positive, so that the itraconazole was associated with (1-3) ß-glucan. After four weekly applications of glucan, the complete elimination of the fungus was observed based on the fungal culture negative results. The results show, therefore, that (1-3) ß-glucan with itraconazole promoted the case resolution, and it may be considered a promising alternative for the treatment of sporotrichosis in cases of resistance to conventional therapy.

Intoxicação aguda e abortos em cobaias pelas favas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Leg. Mimosoideae) / Acute poisoning and abortions in guinea pigs by the pods of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Leg. Mimosoideae)

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a toxicidade aguda e o efeito abortivo de favas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. Em um experimento frutos da árvore foram administrados a 4 grupos de 3 cobaias cada. Outro grupo de 3 cobaias foi utilizado como controle. Para os Grupos 1 e 2 foram administradas 5 e 10g de favas por kg de peso vivo, respectivamente, em doses únicas. Para os Grupos 3 e 4 foram administradas 10 e 15g/kg, respectivamente, divididas em doses diárias de 5g/kg. Uma cobaia do Grupo 2 e uma do Grupo 4 morreram 12 e 18 horas após o final da administração da planta. As lesões macroscópicas consistiam hemorragias no estômago e intestinos delgado e grosso, fígado aumentado e vesícula biliar distendida. Histologicamente, o fígado apresentava severa vacuolização e necrose dos hepatócitos periportais. Em outro experimento, ração contendo 4% de favas de E. contortisiliquum foi administrada a dois grupos de 4 cobaias 35 dias após o acasalamento. Das 8 cobaias, 4 abortaram 6-15 dias após o início da ingestão. As outras 4 cobaias não estavam prenhes. Duas cobaias controle pariram normalmente. Todas as cobaias foram eutanasiadas no final do experimento. Histologicamente, as cobaias que ingeriram as favas apresentaram, no fígado, necrose hemorrágica periportal de moderada a severa. Todos os fetos apresentavam graus variáveis de autólise. Em 4 fetos que foram estudados histologicamente não foram observadas lesões significantes. As lesões agudas observadas nas cobaias são semelhantes às observadas na intoxicação por favas de E. contortisiliquum em bovinos e às da intoxicação experimental com saponinas da árvore.Os resultados do experimento em cobaias prenhes demostram o efeito abortivo de E. contortisiliquum e sugerem que esta espécie pode ser utilizada para estudar o efeito abortivo da planta ou de princípios ativos identificados na mesma.(AU)

The objective was to study the acute toxicity and the abortive properties of Enterolobium contortisiliquum pods in guinea pigs. Pods of E. contortisiliquum were administered orally to 4 groups of 3 guinea pigs each. Another group of 3 guinea-pigs was used as control. Group 1 and 2 were fed with one dose of 5 and 10g of pods for kg body weight, respectively. The guinea pigs of Group 3 and 4 received 10 and 15g/kg, respectively, divided into daily doses of 5g/kg. One guinea pig from Group 2 and one from Group 4 died 12 and 18 hours after the end of the administration. Gross lesions were hemorrhages of the stomach and of the large and small gut, enlarged liver, and dilated gall bladder. Histologically, the liver had severe vacuolation and necrosis of periportal hepatocytes. In another experiment a ration containing 4% of pods of E. contortisiliquum was fed to 2 groups of 4 guinea-pigs, 35 days after mating. Four of the 8 guinea pigs aborted 6-15 days after the beginning of ingestion. The other 4 guinea pigs were not pregnant. All guinea pigs were euthanized after abortion or at the end of the experiment. Histologically all animals had mild to severe periportal hemorrhagic necrosis. All fetuses had variable degree of autolysis. In 4 fetuses studied no significant histologic lesions were observed. The acute lesions observed in guinea-pigs are similar than those observed in the spontaneous poisoning by Enterolobium spp. in cattle. Similar lesions are observed in guinea-pigs poisoned experimentally with saponins from E. gummiferum. The results of the experiments in pregnant guinea pigs suggest that E. contortisiliquum can be used to study the abortive effect of its pods or its toxic compounds.(AU)