Hierarchically design MoS2/CdNi@RGO ultra-thin hybrid sheet for Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants fingerprinting in environmental matrices.

The aim of this study was to synthesize effective and economical MoS2/CdNi@rGO photocatalysts and investigate their performance in the degradation of organic pollutants in synthetic effluent. The objective was to assess the characterization results of the synthesized photocatalysts using XRD, SEM/EDS, TEM/HR-TEM, Raman spectrum, and BET isotherm analysis tools. These analyses revealed the good adhesion of MoS2 with rGO and provided insights into the structure and properties of the materials. The results showed that the MoS2/CdNi@rGO photocatalysts exhibited remarkable degradation efficiency for organic pollutants such as Rhodamine-B, erichrome black, and malachite green. The outcomes of the study demonstrated that the MoS2/CdNi@rGO catalyst had the greatest rate constant for Rhodamine-B (RhB) decomposition. which would have been approximately 33 times higher than that of pure RGO (0.0121 min-1). The MoS2/CdNi@rGO photocatalysts also showed excellent recyclability and persistence across five recycle assays, indicating their potential for practical applications in wastewater treatment. The photocatalyst was moderately active, stable up to its fifth usage and stability of the photocatalyst before and after the photocatalytic reaction was also been studied using XRD and SEM. Further research in this area could lead to the development of advanced photocatalytic technologies for environmental remediation.

Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell.

BACKGROUND: Functionalized gold nanoparticles are emerging as a promising nanocarrier for target specific delivery of the therapeutic molecules in a cancer cell, as a result it targeted selectively to the cancer cell and minimized the off-target effect. The functionalized nanomaterial (bio conjugate) brings novel functional properties, for example, the high payload of anticancer, antioxidant molecules and selective targeting of the cancer molecular markers. The current study reported the synthesis of multifunctional bioconjugate (GNPs-Pep-A) to target the cancer cell. METHODS: The GNPs-Pep-A conjugate was prepared by functionalization of GNPs with peptide-A (Pro-His-Cys-Lys-Arg-Met; Pep-A) using thioctic acid as a linker molecule. The GNPs-Pep-A was characterized and functional efficacy was tested using Retinoblastoma (RB) cancer model in vitro. RESULTS: The GNPs-Pep-A target the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RB, Y79, cancer cell more effectively, and bring down the ROS up to 70 % relative to control (untreated cells) in vitro. On the other hand, Pep-A and GNPs showed 40 and 9 % reductions in ROS, respectively, compared to control. The effectiveness of bioconjugate indicates the synergistic effect, due to the coexistence of both organic (Pep-A) and inorganic phase (GNPs) in novel GNPs-Pep-A functional material. In addition to this, it modulates the mRNA expression of antioxidant genes glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by two-threefolds as observed. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of GNPs-Pep-A on ROS reduction and regulation of antioxidant genes confirmed that Vitis vinifera L. polyphenol-coated GNPs synergistically improve the radical scavenging properties and enhanced the apoptosis of cancer cell.

4-Hy-droxy-1,2,6-tri-methyl-pyridinium chloride monohydrate.

In the crystal of the title hydrated mol-ecular salt, C8H12NO(+)·Cl(-)·H2O, the water mol-ecule makes two O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, generating [010] zigzag chains of alternating water mol-ecules and chloride ions. The cation is bonded to the chain by an O-H⋯O hydrogen bond and two weak C-H⋯Cl inter-actions. Weak aromatic π-π stacking [centroid-centroid separation = 3.5175 (15) Å] occurs between the chains.

1-Allyl-2-amino-pyridin-1-ium bromide.

In the cation of the title salt, C8H11N2 (+)·Br(-), the dihedral angle between the planes of the pyridinium ring and the allyl group is 79.4 (3)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯Br and weak C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions, forming chains of alternating R 2 (1)(7) and R 4 (2)(8) rings, which run parallel to the c-axis direction. The crystal studied was an inversion twin with components in a 0.753 (12):0.247 (12) ratio.

4-Hy-droxy-1,2,6-tri-methyl-pyridinium bromide monohydrate.

The title salt, C8H12NO(+)·Br(-)·H2O, is isomorphous with the chloride analogue [Seethalakshmi et al. (2013). Acta Cryst. E69, o835-o836]. In the solid state, the cations, anions and water mol-ecules are inter-linked by a network of O-H⋯O, O-H⋯Br and C-H⋯Br inter-actions. The water mol-ecule makes two O-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, generating [010] zigzag chains of alternating water mol-ecules and bromide anions. The cation is involved in two inter-molecular C-H⋯Cl inter-actions in the chloride salt, whereas three inter-molecular C-H⋯Br inter-actions are observed in the title bromide salt. This additional inter-molecular C-H⋯Br inter-action links the adjacent water and bromide zigzag chains via cationic mol-ecules. In addition, weak π-π stacking inter-actions are observed between pyridinium rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.5664 (13) Å].

Serum PON1 arylesterase activity in relation to hyperhomocysteinaemia and oxidative stress in young adult central retinal venous occlusion patients.

AIM: To estimate the arylesterase activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1-ARE), which is reported to have an antioxidant and antiatherogenic potential and to correlate with plasma homocysteine (Hcys) and plasma TBARS in young adult central retinal venous occlusion (CRVO) patients. METHODS: A case-control prospective study carried out in 10 CRVO patients (mean age 27+/-5 years; 7 males, 3 females) and 20 healthy controls (mean age 29+/-5 years; 15 males, 5 females). RESULTS: The CRVO patients showed a significantly lowered serum PON1-ARE activity (P=0.009) along with a significant increase in the levels of plasma Hcys (P=0.018) when compared to the control subjects. There was a negative correlation between serum PON1-ARE and plasma Hcys levels (P=0.058) as well as between PON1-ARE and plasma TBARS levels (P=0.001) in the CRVO patients. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of lowered serum PON1-ARE level as a risk factor for CRVO (OR= 1.108, CI=0.914, 1.314; P=0.296), which is found to correlate with oxidative stress.