Design and Validation of Multichannel Wireless Wearable SEMG System for Real-Time Training Performance Monitoring.

Monitoring of training performance and physical activity has become indispensable these days for athletes. Wireless technologies have started to be widely used in the monitoring of muscle activation, in the sport performance of athletes, and in the examination of training efficiency. The monitorability of performance simultaneously in the process of training is especially a necessity for athletes at the beginner level to carry out healthy training in sports like weightlifting and bodybuilding. For this purpose, a new system consisting of 4 channel wireless wearable SEMG circuit and analysis software has been proposed to detect dynamic muscle contractions and to be used in real-time training performance monitoring and analysis. The analysis software, the Haar wavelet filter with threshold cutting, can provide performance analysis by using the methods of moving RMS and %MVC. The validity of the data obtained from the system was investigated and compared with a biomedical system. In this comparison, 90.95% ± 3.35 for left biceps brachii (BB) and 90.75% ± 3.75 for right BB were obtained. The output of the power and %MVC analysis of the system was tested during the training of the participants at the gym, and the training efficiency was measured as 96.87% ± 2.74.

Temperature increase during orthodontic bonding with different curing units using an infrared camera.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of different curing units and light-tip tooth surface distances on the temperature increase generated during orthodontic bonding, using an infrared camera (IR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two freshly extracted human premolar teeth were used. Metallic orthodontic brackets were bonded to the buccal surfaces of the teeth and thermal records were taken using an IR camera and ANN. Brackets were cured with a light-emitting diode (LED) and high intensity halogen (HQTH). Teeth were divided into four groups according to the curing units (LED and HQTH) and curing distances (from tooth surface and 10 mm away from tooth surface). The results were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test. RESULTS: The ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests revealed that temperature changes were influenced by the type of light source and exposure times. All groups revealed significant differences between each other (p < 0.001). The highest surface temperature increase was gained from curing with a LED unit from the tooth surface (11.35°C ± 0.91°C). The lowest surface temperature increase was gained from curing with a HQTH unit 10 mm away from the tooth surface (2.57°C ± 0.6°C). CONCLUSION: The LED unit induced significantly higher temperature changes than did the HQTH. The temperature increase during orthodontic bonding was increased with long exposure time. A shorter light-tip tooth surface distance leads to greater increases in temperature.

Intermaxillary Bolton tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups.

The orthodontic "finishing" phase is recognized for the many details necessary to accomplish an excellent result. A high percentage of finishing-phase difficulties arise because of tooth size imbalances that could have been discovered and considered during the initial diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of our study was to determine whether there is a prevalent tendency for intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. This study involved 60 subjects who served as the normal occlusion group and 300 patients divided into five malocclusion groups (ie, Class I, Class II, Class II division 1, Class II division 2, and Class III). Tooth size measurements were performed on the models of the normal occlusion group and the pretreatment models of the patients. The tooth size ratios and the one-way analysis of variance test showed no sexual dimorphism for these ratios in each of five groups, so the sexes were combined for each group. Then, these ratios were compared among different malocclusion groups. The results showed no significant difference between subcategories of malocclusion, so these groups were combined as Class I, Class II, and Class III. No significant difference was found for all the ratios between the groups.