Individual and Contextual Factors Associated With Malaria Among Children 6-59 Months in Burkina Faso.

Objective: This study aims to understand the individual and contextual factors associated with malaria among children aged 6-59 months in Burkina Faso. Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data extracted from the Burkina Faso Malaria Indicator Survey 2017-2018. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse socio-demographic characteristics. We performed a multilevel logistic regression model to highlight individual and contextual factors of children's exposure to malaria. Results: Our analysis included 5,822 children aged 6-59 months. Of these, 15% had a positive rapid diagnostic test. Factors associated with malaria among children 6-59 months were age, maternal education, household wealth, rural residence, and region. The variability in malaria exposure was 16% attributable to the strata level and 23% to the primary sampling unit level. Some factors, such as the family's socio-economic status, access to hospital care, and place of living, were positively associated withs malaria cases in children. Conclusion: The study identified some individual and contextual determinants of malaria among children aged 6-59 months in Burkina Faso. Taking them into account for the design and implementation of policies will undeniably help in the fight against malaria in Burkina Faso.

[Cerebral-meningeal hemorrhage secondary to snakebite envenomation: about two cases at the Sourô Sanou Teaching Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso]. / Hémorragie cérébro-méningée secondaire à une envenimation par morsure de serpent : à propos de deux cas au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourô Sanou de Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

Background: Envenomation by snakebite is a public health problem in developing countries. Neurovascular complications are uncommon. We report two cases of hemorrhagic stroke at the Sourô Sanou Teaching Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso, which complicate an envenomation. Clinical description: The first patient was a 60-year-old woman with no history, who had been admitted 2 hours after snakebite for gingivorrhagia and consciousness disorders. Clinical examination found coma (GCS 7/15) and tetraparesis. The second patient was a 50-year-old woman with no history, who had been admitted one week after snakebite with digestive bleeding. Clinical examination found right hemiplegia and meningeal syndrome. Both patients presented hemorrhagic stroke on brain CT-scan but hemostasis assessment was normal. They received polyvalent antivenom and symptomatic treatment. The outcome was favorable for survival but with sequelae like tetraparesis for first patient and hemiparesis for second patient. Discussion - Conclusion: The hemorrhagic strokes are rare complications of snake envenomation. Venomous toxins can directly lead to the rupture of intracranial vessels apart of abnormalities of hemostasis. However, the morbidity and mortality related to envenomation by snake bite remains high in our environment.