Electrochemical Nanosensor for the Simultaneous Determination of Anticancer Drugs Epirubicin and Topotecan Using UiO-66-NH2/GO Nanocomposite Modified Electrode.

In this work, UiO-66-NH2/GO nanocomposite was prepared using a simple solvothermal technique, and its structure and morphology were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). An enhanced electrochemical sensor for the detection of epirubicin (EP) was proposed, which utilized a UiO-66-NH2/GO nanocomposite-modified screen-printed graphite electrode (UiO-66-NH2/GO/SPGE). The prepared UiO-66-NH2/GO nanocomposite improved the electrochemical performance of the SPGE towards the redox reaction of EP. Under optimized experimental conditions, this sensor demonstrates a remarkable limit of detection (LOD) of 0.003 µM and a linear dynamic range from 0.008 to 200.0 µM, providing a highly capable platform for sensing EP. Furthermore, the simultaneous electro-catalytic oxidation of EP and topotecan (TP) was investigated at the UiO-66-NH2/GO/SPGE surface utilizing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). DPV measurements revealed the presence of two distinct oxidation peaks of EP and TP, with a peak potential separation of 200 mV. Finally, the UiO-66-NH2/GO/SPGE sensor was successfully utilized for the quantitative analysis of EP and TP in pharmaceutical injection, yielding highly satisfactory results.

The relation between obesity and breast cancer risk in women by considering menstruation status and geographical variations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Given the increase in the incidence of breast cancer during the past decades, several studies have investigated the effects of variables on breast cancer, especially obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate any effects of obesity on breast cancer risk in women, before and after menopause, and in different continents.All forms of relevant literature examining any association between obesity and breast cancer, including cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, were identified in the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 1990 until January 13, 2023. Body mass index (BMI) > 30 was used to indicate obesity. Every type of breast cancer was examined as outcome factors. The quality of the papers was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale checklist. The Egger and Begg test was used to evaluate publication bias. To assess any extra impact of each research on the final measurement, a sensitivity analysis was carried out.One hundred and two studies were included in this meta-analysis. Respectively, 48 and 67 studies reported associations between obesity and breast cancer in pre and post menopausal women. Combining all studies, the pooled OR of the association between obesity and breast cancer in pre-menopausal women was OR = 0.93 CI: (0.85-1.1), (I2 = 65.4%), and for post-menopausal woman, OR = 1.26 CI: (1.19-1.34), (I2 = 90.5%).Obesity has a protective role in breast cancer among pre-menopausal women, but this relationship is statistically significant only in European women. The chance of developing breast cancer increases in post-menopausal women who are obese. This relationship is significant among Asian, North American, African and European women.

Cannabis during pregnancy: A way to transfer an impairment to later life.

Epidemiological studies examining the influence of cannabis across the lifespan show that exposure to cannabis during gestation or during the perinatal period is associated with later-life mental health issues that manifest during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The risk of later-life negative outcomes following early exposure is particularly high in persons who have specific genetic variants, implying that cannabis usage interacts with genetics to heighten mental health risks. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to psychoactive components has been shown in animal research to be associated with long-term effects on neural systems relevant to psychiatric and substance use disorders. The long-term molecular, epigenetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral consequences of prenatal and perinatal exposure to cannabis are discussed in this article. Animal and human studies, as well as in vivo neuroimaging methods, are used to provide insights into the changes induced in the brain by cannabis. Here, based on the literature from both animal models and humans, it can be concluded that prenatal cannabis exposure alters the developmental route of several neuronal regions with correlated functional consequences evidenced as changes in social behavior and executive functions throughout life.

The impact of personality traits on medication adherence and self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The moderating role of gender and age.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the role of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) and the moderating role of gender and age in predicting medication adherence (MA) and self-care behaviors (SCB) among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: This study was conducted on 495 patients with T2DM (73.5% female; n = 364) from two major cities of Iran (Tehran and Qom) in 2019. Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and conditional process analysis were performed. P < .05 and P < .10 were considered significant for the relationships and moderation analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Neuroticism indicated a negative association with MA and SCB. Positive associations were found between MA and personality traits, including extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, whereas extraversion showed a weak correlation with SCB. According to the covariate-adjusted regression model, neuroticism had a negative effect on MA and SCB. Agreeableness had a positive effect on MA and a negative effect on SCB. However, extraversion exerted a negative effect on MA and a positive effect on SCB. Also, the negative effect of neuroticism on MA was highlighted in women, indicating marginally significant moderation effect. The positive effects of extraversion and conscientiousness on MA were moderated by age. The effect of conscientiousness on SCB was positive in young patients and negative in old patients. No interaction effect was observed between age and gender. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness significantly contributed to MA, but not to SCB. However, the effects were conditioned by age for extraversion and conscientiousness to some extent.