[The dynamic and structural indicators of population morbidity of diseases of skin and subcutaneous fat: the scientific review].

The diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue represent consist medical and social problem due to their high prevalence. In the case of chronic course, dermatosis result in long-term temporary incapacity for work, disability and deterioration of quality of life of patients. The purpose of the study was based on analysis of scientific publications to assess level, structure and dynamics of morbidity of population, territorial features of prevalence of diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue and risk factors for their occurrence. The scientific review of studies in Russian and English was carried out using information portals and platforms eLIBRARY.ru, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for the period 2010-2022. The selection included 47 publications that assessed levels of primary and general morbidity of population with diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue and its dynamics over certain periods of time, as well as territorial features of prevalence of these diseases in the Russian Federation and risk factors of development of skin diseases. Many studies demonstrated decreasing in primary and general morbidity of population with diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue. The rate of decreasing was more pronounced in 2018-2022. The level of primary and general morbidity differs significantly by Okrugs and Subjects of the Russian Federation, including particular nosologies. It is determined that there is wide spread of incidence rates across territories. The large proportion of publications reflects prevalence of psoriasis in population. The authors proposed measures of to improve registration of skin diseases and to decrease corresponding morbidity of population.

[The dynamics of demographic indices in the Republic of Bashkortostan].

The article presents results of analysis of demographic indices in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The primary data for analysis was acquired from official public statistics. The dynamics of fertility and mortality indices in 1985-2018 is described. The prognostication of indices dynamics up to 2025 was made. The distribution of mortality indices by gender, age, causes of death, place of residence is proposed for 2012, 2015 and 2018. Four periods with increasing or decreasing of fertility and mortality was allocated. The linear correlation made up to r = -0.492, p<0.01, i.e., with decreasing of birth rate increasing in mortality occurred. The assessment of dynamics of mortality in 2015-2018 established that young age groups (15-29 years old) are characterized by significant increasing of mortality in every subsequent age group as compared with previous age group. Between 2012 and 2018, total mortality decreased from 13.2 ‰ to 12.4 ‰. Males and females aged 40-44 and females aged 45-49 and 50-54 had such negative trend as increasing of mortality as compared with 2012 and 2015. The decreasing of indices of overall mortality occurred only among males. In males, mortality rate exceeded mortality rate in females up to 1.33 times in 2012, up to 1.29 times in 2015 and up to 1.23 times in 2018. The mortality rate of rural population is 1.3 times higher than mortality rate of urban population. While mortality rate of able-bodied population is 1.4 times higher. The increasing of mortality occurred due to malignant neoplasms, while the growth rate was more pronounced among rural population as compared with urban population. The mortality of respiratory diseases is more than 2 times higher in rural areas and of diseases of the digestive system is 1.5 times higher among rural population. The established growth trends in mortality among rural population due to respiratory and digestive diseases and decreasing of mortality of diseases of the circulatory system and significant decreasing of such cases as "elder age" can be explained by probability of defects in encoding of causes of death.

[The risk factors of health formation in urban and rural women].

The purpose of the study is the socio-hygienic characteristics of the lifestyle and living conditions of urban and rural women and the assessment of their importance in the formation of health. The materials of the study were: the number of newly registered chronic diseases for 5 years, the average number of complaints about diseases during the year, the results of the survey. A socio-hygienic study shows that among urban women there are more divorced women than among rural women, fewer widows, urban women have higher levels of education, more permanent jobs, low physical activity, etc. Rural women were distinguished from urban women by lower level of education, low medical activity, frequent alcohol consumption, lower income, etc. Among urban women, more than in the first health assessment group (18.4% of women), among rural women 14.6% and less than in the third health assessment group (30.2%). Among rural women, 36.0% were in the third health assessment group. It was found that the greatest impact on the health of urban women have irrational nutrition, low physical activity, low medical activity, harmful production factors, frequent stress at work and at home, on the health of rural women: low income, low medical activity, mainly physical labor, irrational nutrition, frequent alcohol consumption.

[The morbidity of diseases of skin and subcutaneous cellular tissue in population of the Republic of Bashkortostan].

The diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue are an actual medical and social problem. The purpose of study was to analyze dynamics of incidence and prevalence of diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue in population of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2008-2017. The average rates of incidence and prevalence of these diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan were significantly higher than relevant data in the Russian Federation and Volga federal district. In the Republic of Bashkortostan the study established increase in incidence rate of atopic dermatitis (primary morbidity increased up to 18.6%, total morbidity increased up to 20.2%) and psoriasis (total morbidity increased up to 3%). The low level of dispensary observation of patients with dermatitis in the medical organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan was established. In 2017 full coverage with dispensary observation was established in case of children aged 0-14 years with discoid lupus erythematosus. The low level of dispensary observation of children with atopic dermatitis (42%) and adults with psoriasis (30.6%) was established. The study demonstrated necessity of further studying of total and primary morbidity of diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue and also indices of dispensary observation of patients according nosologies and age groups, identification of corresponding risk factors, development and implementation of measures improving medical care at all stages of its rendering.

[The Organization of Functioning of Traumatological Station of Municipal Clinical Hospital: the Structure of Resort of Patients on the Occasion of Traumas].

The analysis of the structure of treatment of patients with injuries in traumatological station of municipal clinical hospital established that the percentage of females was slightly higher than that one of males, 50.9% and 49.1% respectively. In all patients, 24.1% were of age group 30-39 years. This age group was also the largest one in males men and amounted up to 29.4%. In women, the largest age group was that one of 50-59 years (19.2%). In male patients 84.6% were in the age range of 18-60 years. Among female patients 60.0% were in the range of 18-55 years. Among males, the predominant localization of injury was wrist and hand (24.0%) and chest injuries (14.4%). Among females, the most frequently injured areas were ankle and foot, (26.8%) and knee and shin (17.4%). The duration of treatment of the patient and number of visits to traumatologist depends on localization and severity of the injury. The analysis demonstrated that the average duration of treatment of patient in the traumatological station made up to 4.2±0.13 days. The average duration of treatment of males was shorter (3.7±0.17 days) than that one of females (4.6±0,18 days). From those who applied to the traumatological station during the year, medical certificate was made out to 12.7% of patients. The average duration of medical certificate for all types of injuries made up to 28.9±1.2 days (28.1±1.1 days in males and 29.6±1.2 days in females) and ranged from 11.5±0.5 days in case of head injuries to 35.7±1.4 days in case of injuries of hip and thigh. In general, in case of single temporary disability, patient visited the traumatological station 3.7±0.2 times.

[THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS OF MORBIDITY OF URBAN FEMALE POPULATION ACCORDING DATA OF APPEALABILITY TO MEDICAL ORGANIZATION].

The article presents analysis of primary morbidity according data of appealability to polyclinic in 2009-2013. It is established that indicator increased up to 7.7% mainly at the expense of neoplasms, diseases of blood circulation system, musculo-skeletal system and nervous system. The first rank positions in primarily morbidity among women were placed by diseases of respiratory organs, urogenital system and blood circulation system. In age groups of less than 30 years, 30-39 years and 40-49 years diseases of respiratory system, urogenital system registered more frequently. In age groups of 50-59 years, 60-69 years and 70 years and older diseases of blood circulation system, musculo-skeletal system and digestive system registered more frequently. The visits of women to polyclinic because of diseases were the least during summer period The number of visits were approximately the same during autumn and spring time. Besides, number of visits because of diseases was the least in December and January.

[The mortality from malignant neoplasms in the population of a large industrial city with petroleum-refining and petrochemical enterprises]. / Smertnost' ot zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovanii naseleniia krupnogo promyshlennogo goroda s neftepererabatyvaiushchimi i neftekhimicheskimi prepriiatiiami.

Air pollution with toxic chemical near oil-processing and petrochemical enterprises is significantly higher than in administrative district of the city. The studies proved that level and share of mortality with malignancies of trachea, bronchi and lungs is higher in industrial district, than that in the administrative one. The standardized parameters of mortality among females were increased in the industrial district, especially in 70s and 80s, i.e. in 10-20 years after launching the plants. The industrial district was characterized by higher mortality at young age. The mortality with the studied cancers at age of 20-29 and 30-39 prevailed in the industrial district.

[Cause of death of the working-age population of Ufa in relation to the area of residence]. / Prichina smerti v rabochem vozraste naseleniia g. Ufy v zavisimosti ot raiona prozhivaniia.

Two districts, one with developed oil-processing and petrochemical industries and administrative one, were selected in Ufa city for 20-year study of mortality among able-bodied population. Both districts demonstrated a decreasing share of able-bodied people in mortality structure. However, mortality of able-bodied population in the industrial district tended to increase, in the administrative one--to decrease. The main death causes were traumatism, cardiovascular diseases, malignancies. Mean age at death among the able-bodied population was lower in the industrial district, among the people engaged into oil-processing and petrochemical industries, transport and building sector.

[Hygienic significance of noise level in the development of diseases with temporary disability among petroleum-processing plant workers]. / O gigienicheskoi znachimosti dozy shuma v vozniknovenii zabolevanii s vremennoi utratoi trudosposobnosti u rabochikh neftepererabatyvaiushchego zavoda.

A correlation was established between morbidity with temporary disability among oil-processing plant workers and the levels of the noise dosages received in one working shift. The morbidity rate among the engine-drivers examined was generally higher than that in the group of operators. The correlational analysis of morbidity versus the complex hazard indices revealed that the latters' growth resulted into increasing morbidity rate, but the same correlation was less vivid in case with the workers affected with the smallest noise dosages (up to 1.0). The noise dosage increase (over 4.0) revealed no adequate correlation between morbidity and the complex hazard indices.