Chemical pancreatectomy in non-human primates ablates the acini and ducts and enhances beta-cell function.

Chronic pancreatitis is a debilitating disease affecting millions worldwide. These patients suffer from bouts of severe pain that are minimally relieved by pain medications and may necessitate major surgeries with high morbidity and mortality. Previously, we demonstrated that "chemical pancreatectomy," a pancreatic intraductal infusion of dilute acetic acid solution, ablated the exocrine pancreas while preserving the endocrine pancreas. Notably, chemical pancreatectomy resolved chronic inflammation, alleviated allodynia in the cerulein pancreatitis model, and improved glucose homeostasis. Herein, we extensively tested the feasibility of a chemical pancreatectomy in NHPs and validated our previously published pilot study. We did serial computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis, analyzed dorsal root ganglia, measured serum enzymes, and performed histological and ultrastructural assessments and pancreatic endocrine function assays. Based on serial CT scans, chemical pancreatectomy led to the loss of pancreatic volume. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated exocrine pancreatic ablation with endocrine islet preservation. Importantly, chemical pancreatectomy did not increase pro-nociceptive markers in harvested dorsal root ganglia. Also, chemical pancreatectomy improved insulin secretion to supranormal levels in vivo and in vitro. Thus, this study may provide a foundation for translating this procedure to patients with chronic pancreatitis or other conditions requiring a pancreatectomy.

Chemical pancreatectomy in non-human primates ablates the acini and ducts and enhances beta-cell function.

Chronic pancreatitis is a debilitating disease affecting millions worldwide. These patients suffer from bouts of severe pain that are minimally relieved by pain medications and may necessitate major surgeries with high morbidity and mortality. Previously, we demonstrated that "chemical pancreatectomy," a pancreatic intraductal infusion of dilute acetic acid solution, ablated the exocrine pancreas while preserving the endocrine pancreas. Notably, chemical pancreatectomy resolved chronic inflammation, alleviated allodynia in the cerulein pancreatitis model, and improved glucose homeostasis. Herein, we extensively tested the feasibility of a chemical pancreatectomy in NHPs and validated our previously published pilot study. We did serial computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis, analyzed dorsal root ganglia, measured serum enzymes, and performed histological and ultrastructural assessments and pancreatic endocrine function assays.  Based on serial CT scans, chemical pancreatectomy led to the loss of pancreatic volume. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated exocrine pancreatic ablation with endocrine islet preservation. Importantly, chemical pancreatectomy did not increase pro-nociceptive markers in harvested dorsal root ganglia. Also, chemical pancreatectomy improved insulin secretion to supranormal levels in vivo and in vitro. Thus, this study may provide a foundation for translating this procedure to patients with chronic pancreatitis or other conditions requiring a pancreatectomy.

Chemical pancreatectomy treats chronic pancreatitis while preserving endocrine function in preclinical models.

Chronic pancreatitis affects over 250,000 people in the US and millions worldwide. It is associated with chronic debilitating pain, pancreatic exocrine failure, and high risk of pancreatic cancer and usually progresses to diabetes. Treatment options are limited and ineffective. We developed a new potential therapy, wherein a pancreatic ductal infusion of 1%-2% acetic acid in mice and nonhuman primates resulted in a nonregenerative, near-complete ablation of the exocrine pancreas, with complete preservation of the islets. Pancreatic ductal infusion of acetic acid in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis led to resolution of chronic inflammation and pancreatitis-associated pain. Furthermore, acetic acid-treated animals showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. The loss of exocrine tissue in this procedure would not typically require further management in patients with chronic pancreatitis because they usually have pancreatic exocrine failure requiring dietary enzyme supplements. Thus, this procedure, which should be readily translatable to humans through an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), may offer a potential innovative nonsurgical therapy for chronic pancreatitis that relieves pain and prevents the progression of pancreatic diabetes.

Cotton based composite fabric reinforced with waste polyester fibers for improved mechanical properties.

With the focus of industries shifting towards sustainable processing methods and the use of sustainable raw materials, reuse and recycling of polyester have gained a lot of momentum. In spite of considerable efforts, the utilization of polyester fiber waste has not yet found a strong foundation in textile processing. In this paper, waste polyester fibers obtained during the melt spinning process has been utilized by first dissolving it in an m-cresol solvent and later by chemical route polyester is regenerated on cotton leading to the preparation of cotton based composite fabric. The presence of polyester was confirmed using XRD, FTIR, and percent add on and SEM. Percent add on of 9.7% along with the doubling of tensile strength and enhanced thermal stability was observed. The results can make a way as one of the possibilities of utilizing polyester fiber waste.

Pain Control by Novel Route of Gifted Choice Against Peroral Route.

INTRODUCTION: Pain after surgical extraction of third molars has been a nemesis for oral surgeons with clinicians, thus striving for an analgesic modality. NSAIDs are among the most widely used therapeutic classes of analgesics. Transbuccal diclofenac sodium patches have been developed as an innovative drug delivery system using buccal mucosa as a gifted choice, hence overcoming first pass metabolism and offering the advantage of sustained drug delivery with reduced incidence of systemic adverse effects. AIM: A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of diclofenac sodium for pain control, administered via the far-fetched and gifted novel route through the transbuccal patch and by ever popular per oral route and also to assess the adverse effects vis-à-vis for transbuccal diclofenac patch and oral diclofenac following extraction of bilaterally symmetrical impacted mandibular third molars under local anaesthesia. METHODOLOGY: Thirty healthy subjects of both the sexes in the age of 12 to 50 years with asymptomatic bilaterally symmetrical mandibular third molars underwent extraction under LA. It is a split-mouth study, i.e. after the extraction of tooth on one side, diclofenac sodium (50 mg) via oral route was given and then in another visit, when the same patient is comfortable and asymptomatic, extraction on contralateral side was executed and transbuccal patched diclofenac sodium (20 mg) was applied. Pain was measured on visual analog scale and verbal rating scale by the patient for 3 days and adverse effects if any were noted. RESULT: Statistical analysis showed that transbuccal diclofenac sodium was significantly efficacious when compared to the drug administered orally. Also, statistically significant results were obtained in percentage reduction in pain from 1st to 3rd postoperative day in transbuccal group. No significant difference is seen for adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: Transbuccal diclofenac sodium patch is more efficacious and can be used for pain control.

Incisional Hernia as a Cause of Blader Outlet Obstruction: A Case Report.

Incisional hernia usually contains intra peritoneal organs as its content. Extra peritoneal structures like bladder as a content of incisional hernia are relatively uncommon. We managed a young male with an incisional hernia containing a large bladder diverticulum as its content. The bladder diverticulum was going up to the base of scrotum along the posterolateral surface of penile corpora. The patient was diagnosed pre operatively with radiological investigations and underwent exploration with release of diverticulum from corpora and pubic arch followed by diverticulectomy and herniorraphy. To the best of our knowledge and available literature search, there isn't any similar reported case.

Clinico-epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients and the retrospective application of Gail model 2: An Indian perspective.

AIM: To study the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients of breast cancer presenting at our center at New Delhi, India and to evaluate the applicability of Gail model 2 as a means of measuring 5-year and lifetime risk in our already diagnosed cases of breast cancer. METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted at Lady Hardinge Medical College Hospital in New Delhi, India, between January 2011 and July 2014. Two hundred and twenty two diagnosed cases of breast cancer were included. Information was collected retrospectively on a Performa from the medical record section and the Pathology department of the hospital.The predicted five-year and lifetime risk was calculated using GM2 prediction model from the NCI's breast cancer risk assessment tool website. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer in India is a far more biologically aggressive disease than in the west with a widely different spectrum of presentation and behavior and late presentation in an advanced stage. The accepted risk factors routinely associated with breast cancer in western literature do not appear to be relevant in the Indian population. Accepted western models do not seem to apply in the Indian scenario.

Intracerebral hemorrhage after spinal anesthesia.

A rare case of intracerebral hematoma after spinal anesthesia is reported along with a review of the literature. The patient demonstrated a remarkable recovery after a timely diagnosis and surgical evacuation.