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1.
J Interpers Violence ; : 8862605241284663, 2024 Oct 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39376064

RESUMO

Although some evidence suggests that cyber intimate partner violence (IPV) may increase the risk of in-person IPV, some have suggested that cyber IPV may circumvent in-person IPV. To address these mixed hypotheses, the present study tested the hypothesis that cyber IPV perpetration and victimization would associate with greater odds of same and next-day psychological, physical, and sexual IPV perpetration and victimization among college students. College students (N = 236; 73.73% cisgender women) in dating relationships completed a baseline questionnaire to assess demographic characteristics and past-year cyber, psychological, physical, and sexual IPV. Following baseline assessments, participants completed 60 consecutive days of surveys on cyber, psychological, physical, and sexual IPV perpetration and victimization (71.67% compliance). Hypotheses were partially supported. Cyber IPV perpetration positively associated with odds of same-day psychological IPV perpetration (aOR = 2.46, p = .02) and next-day sexual IPV perpetration (aOR = 3.32, p < .001). Cyber IPV victimization positively associated with odds of same-day psychological IPV victimization (aOR = 5.20, p = .00). Results demonstrate that college students experience IPV both online and in-person within a single day. Cyber IPV may be a targetable antecedent to in-person sexual and psychological IPV. Future research is needed to evaluate the impact of same- and next-day polyvictimization, bidirectional cyber and in-person IPV, and the effectiveness of targeting cyber IPV prevention programming among college students.

2.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38076964

RESUMO

Inquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical details in vivo, the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements. Despite its importance, there is little guidance on best QC practices and reporting procedures. The study of hippocampal subfields in vivo is a critical case for QC because of their small size, inter-dependent boundary definitions, and common artifacts in the MRI data used for subfield measurements. We addressed this gap by surveying the broader scientific community studying hippocampal subfields on their views and approaches to QC. We received responses from 37 investigators spanning 10 countries, covering different career stages, and studying both healthy and pathological development and aging. In this sample, 81% of researchers considered QC to be very important or important, and 19% viewed it as fairly important. Despite this, only 46% of researchers reported on their QC processes in prior publications. In many instances, lack of reporting appeared due to ambiguous guidance on relevant details and guidance for reporting, rather than absence of QC. Here, we provide recommendations for correcting errors to maximize reliability and minimize bias. We also summarize threats to segmentation accuracy, review common QC methods, and make recommendations for best practices and reporting in publications. Implementing the recommended QC practices will collectively improve inferences to the larger population, as well as have implications for clinical practice and public health.

3.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 23(1): 1270, 2023 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37974199

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The United Kingdom (UK) government's healthcare policy in the early 1990s paved the way adoption of the skills mix development and implementation of diagnostic radiographers' X-ray reporting service. Current clinical practice within the public UK healthcare system reflects the same pressures of increased demand in patient imaging and limited capacity of the reporting workforce (radiographers and radiologists) as in the 1990s. This study aimed to identify, define and assess the longitudinal macro, meso, and micro barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X-ray reporting service in the National Healthcare System (NHS) in England. METHODS: Multiple independent databases were searched, including PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE; Embase; CINAHL, and Google Scholar, as well as journal databases (Scopus, Wiley), healthcare databases (NHS Evidence Database; Cochrane Library) and grey literature databases (OpenGrey, GreyNet International, and the British Library EthOS depository) and recorded in a PRISMA flow chart. A combination of keywords, Boolean logic, truncation, parentheses and wildcards with inclusion/exclusion criteria and a time frame of 1995-2022 was applied. The literature was assessed against Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklists. With meta-aggregation to synthesize each paper, and coded using NVivo, with context grouped into macro, meso, and micro-level sources and categorised into subgroups of enablers and barriers. RESULTS: The wide and diverse range of data (n = 241 papers) identified barriers and enablers of implementation, which were categorised into measures of macro, meso, and micro levels, and thematic categories of context, culture, environment, and leadership. CONCLUSION: The literature since 1995 has reframed the debates on implementation of the radiographer reporting role and has been instrumental in shaping clinical practice. There has been clear influence upon both meso (professional body) and macro-level (governmental/health service) policies and guidance, that have shaped change at micro-level NHS Trust organisations. There is evidence of a shift in culturally intrenched legacy perspectives within and between different meso-level professional bodies around skills mix acceptance and role boundaries. This has helped shape capacity building of the reporting workforce. All of which have contributed to conceptual understandings of the skills mix workforce within modern radiology services.


Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde , Medicina Estatal , Humanos , Raios X , Inglaterra , Reino Unido
4.
J Small Anim Pract ; 63(7): 520-525, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35137433

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To report the surgical techniques being used to treat single focal spinal intra-arachnoid diverticula in dogs, their complications and immediate postoperative outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective multi-centre case series across four referral centres. RESULTS: Fifty-seven dogs were included in the study. The most common type of surgery was durectomy (28 dogs) followed by marsupialisation (11 dogs), durotomy alone (seven dogs), shunt placement (six dogs) and stabilisation (five dogs). A higher proportion of intra-arachnoid shunt dogs became unable to walk in the immediate postoperative period (24 hours postsurgery) (4/6, 66%) compared to all dogs five of 57, 9% (2/7 durotomy alone, 3/28 durectomy alone). Of the nine dogs with immediate postoperative deterioration, seven had improved, walking without assistance, by 3 to 5 weeks postoperatively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study does not identify an influence of surgical technique on short-term outcome. Dogs with a thoracolumbar intra-arachnoid diverticulum that undergo a shunt placement are likely to deteriorate neurologically in the immediate 24-hour postoperative period but appear to improve by 3 to 5 weeks after surgery. Further work is required to evaluate whether one surgical technique is superior for preventing or reducing long-term relapse.


Assuntos
Cistos Aracnóideos , Doenças do Cão , Animais , Cistos Aracnóideos/tratamento farmacológico , Cistos Aracnóideos/cirurgia , Cistos Aracnóideos/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/cirurgia , Cães , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/veterinária , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
J Econ Entomol ; 114(6): 2315-2325, 2021 12 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34595520

RESUMO

Chysodeixis includens (Walker) is a polyphagous economic pest in agricultural landscapes. To detect the occurrence of this pest in the field, trapping using sex pheromone lures is often implemented. However, other plusiine species are cross-attracted to these lures and may be misidentified as C. includens due to their morphological similarities. The objectives of this study were to provide region-specific information on the abundance of C. includens throughout the year as well as document the occurrence of related plusiines cross-attracted to C. includens sex pheromone traps in the Florida Panhandle. Twelve commercial fields of peanut and twelve commercial fields of cotton located across Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Jackson counties were monitored with Trécé delta traps baited with C. includens sex pheromone lures (Alpha Scents, Inc.; West Linn, OR) from June 2017 to June 2019. There was no difference in C. includens flight across dryland or irrigated fields. Identifications revealed that in addition to C. includens, the following species of the subfamily Plusiinae were crossed-attracted: Argyrogramma verruca (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Ctenoplusia oxygramma (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Rachiplusia ou (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The occurrence of each species in the region and their flight phenology are documented. Chysodeixis includens abundance was greatest in September and decreased through December. Due to the high abundance of C. oxygramma and similar flight phenology to C. includens, this is the likeliest species to skew estimations and influence management decisions of C. includens, especially early in the crop season, when C. includens abundance is low.


Assuntos
Lepidópteros , Mariposas , Animais , Florida , Feromônios/farmacologia , Estações do Ano , Glycine max
6.
Sci Immunol ; 5(48)2020 06 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32561560

RESUMO

Macrophages reside in the body cavities where they maintain serosal homeostasis and provide immune surveillance. Peritoneal macrophages are implicated in the etiology of pathologies including peritonitis, endometriosis, and metastatic cancer; thus, understanding the factors that govern their behavior is vital. Using a combination of fate mapping techniques, we have investigated the impact of sex and age on murine peritoneal macrophage differentiation, turnover, and function. We demonstrate that the sexually dimorphic replenishment of peritoneal macrophages from the bone marrow, which is high in males and very low in females, is driven by changes in the local microenvironment that arise upon sexual maturation. Population and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed marked dimorphisms in gene expression between male and female peritoneal macrophages that was, in part, explained by differences in composition of these populations. By estimating the time of residency of different subsets within the cavity and assessing development of dimorphisms with age and in monocytopenic Ccr2 -/- mice, we demonstrate that key sex-dependent features of peritoneal macrophages are a function of the differential rate of replenishment from the bone marrow, whereas others are reliant on local microenvironment signals. We demonstrate that the dimorphic turnover of peritoneal macrophages contributes to differences in the ability to protect against pneumococcal peritonitis between the sexes. These data highlight the importance of considering both sex and age in susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases.


Assuntos
Macrófagos Peritoneais/imunologia , Caracteres Sexuais , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/imunologia , Feminino , Homeostase/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Congênicos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Fenótipo , RNA/genética , RNA/imunologia , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Análise de Célula Única
7.
Opt Express ; 28(2): 1225-1237, 2020 Jan 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32121837

RESUMO

Reservoir computing is a recurrent machine learning framework that expands the dimensionality of a problem by mapping an input signal into a higher-dimension reservoir space that can capture and predict features of complex, non-linear temporal dynamics. Here, we report on a bulk electro-optical demonstration of a reservoir computer using speckles generated by propagating a laser beam modulated with a spatial light modulator through a multimode waveguide. We demonstrate that the hardware can successfully perform a multivariate audio classification task performed using the Japanese vowel speakers public data set. We perform full wave optical calculations of this architecture implemented in a chip-scale platform using an SiO2 waveguide and demonstrate that it performs as well as a fully numerical implementation of reservoir computing. As all the optical components used in the experiment can be fabricated using a commercial photonic integrated circuit foundry, our result demonstrates a framework for building a scalable, chip-scale, reservoir computer capable of performing optical signal processing.

8.
J Glob Antimicrob Resist ; 22: 226-230, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32087310

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing may harm patients and drive antimicrobial resistance. Junior doctors' knowledge of infectious diseases and antimicrobial prescribing is inadequate. Online spaced case-based learning can improve knowledge. OBJECTIVE: To develop infectious diseases and antimicrobial prescribing course content for online spaced education and assess its effectiveness and feasibility for junior doctors. METHODS: Infectious diseases and antimicrobial course content was developed for an online spaced education platform (Qstream Inc., Burlington, MA). Junior doctors (postgraduate years 1-3) at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Sydney participated in the study. Course content was provided with Qstream at one hospital and at the other hospital via two face-to-face (FTF) tutorials from August to October 2017. Knowledge and self-confidence were compared before and after training within and between both cohorts. RESULTS: Participation in the course was higher in the Qstream cohort with 48/127 (37.8%) completing the course compared with 44/110 (40%) attending one or both FTF sessions, of whom 22/110 (20%) attended both. Improvement in mean knowledge score from 69.7% to 81.5% in the Qstream cohort was significantly greater than the FTF cohort's minimal improvement from 67.6% to 67.9% (95% CI 2.79-20.33; P=0.01). In the Qstream cohort mean confidence rating (0-10) improvement from 5.14 to 6.55 was greater than the FTF group improvement from 5.37 to 5.85 (95% CI 0.132-1.171; P=0.02). Qstream feedback was very positive. CONCLUSIONS: Online spaced education in infectious diseases and antimicrobial prescribing was feasible, acceptable and effective for junior doctors. It has potential to reduce inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing and warrants further investigation.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Doenças Transmissíveis , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Prescrição Inadequada
9.
Cutis ; 103(4): E17-E19, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31116824

RESUMO

Nevus sebaceus (NS), also known as an organoid nevus, is a congenital skin hamartoma involving the pilosebaceous unit, epidermis, and adnexa, frequently occurring in the scalp area. During childhood, the lesion remains unchanged but may subsequently increase in size during puberty in response to hormonal release, with possible tumor development. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development in an NS with histologic evidence of perineural involvement on the anterior central scalp of a 13-year-old adolescent girl. We also review the management and prognosis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Nevo Sebáceo de Jadassohn/diagnóstico , Couro Cabeludo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Humanos , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/patologia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/cirurgia , Nevo Sebáceo de Jadassohn/patologia , Nevo Sebáceo de Jadassohn/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia
10.
Opt Express ; 26(17): 21390-21402, 2018 Aug 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30130848

RESUMO

We demonstrate measurement of RF signals in the 2-19 GHz band using a photonic compressive sensing (CS) receiver. The RF is modulated onto chirped optical pulses that then propagate through a multimode fiber that produces the random projections needed for CS via optical speckle. Our system makes 16 independent measurements per optical pulse and we demonstrate several calibration techniques to obtain the CS measurement matrix from these measurements. Then a standard penalized l1 norm method recovers amplitude, phase, and frequency of single-tone and two-tone RF signals with about 100 MHz resolution in a single 4.5 ns pulse. A novel subspace method recovers the frequency to about 20 kHz resolution over 100 pulses in a 2.8 microsecond time window. These experiments use discrete fiber-coupled optical components, but all necessary functions can be realized in photonic and electronic integrated circuits.

11.
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) ; 30(10): 642-649, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30017206

RESUMO

AIMS: To analyse outcomes and patterns of failure following dose-escalated definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for staging and treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving definitive CRT to a dose of ≥56 Gy was conducted. Patient and tumour characteristics, treatment received and first sites of relapse were analysed. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2014, 72 patients were treated with CRT to a median dose of 60 Gy (range 56-66 Gy). The median age was 63 years; most (61%) were stage III/IVa. The median follow-up was 57 months. Three year in-field control, relapse-free survival and overall survival was 64% (95% confidence interval 50-75%), 38% (95% confidence interval 27-50%) and 42% (95% confidence interval 30-53%), respectively. Of the 41 failures prior to death or at last follow-up date, isolated locoregional relapse occurred in 16 patients (22%) with isolated in-field recurrence in 11 patients (15%). Distant failure as first site of relapse was present in 25 patients (35%). No in-field failures occurred in the 11 patients with cT1-2, N0-1 tumours. The median survival for cT4 tumours was 8 months, with five of eight patients developing local progression within the first 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Dose-escalated radiotherapy was associated with promising rates of in-field local control, with the exception of cT4 tumours. Distant failure remains a significant competing risk. Our data supports the need for current trials re-examining the role of dose escalation in the modern era.


Assuntos
Quimiorradioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Adulto , Idoso , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/secundário , Feminino , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Falha de Tratamento
12.
Support Care Cancer ; 26(10): 3315-3318, 2018 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29728841

RESUMO

This paper reports the findings of a priority setting process, undertaken with cancer and palliative care clinicians, to better understand the characteristics of medication errors with opioids within their services. Participants representing six public hospitals in one Australian state took part in a series of priority setting workshops and, drawing on actual incidents occurring in their services, sought to identify where in the opioid medication process errors were most frequently occurring. Opioid error types and perceived contributing factors were explored, and strategies to reduce/prevent opioid errors were proposed. The priority setting process provided valuable insights into the types of opioid errors that occur in cancer and palliative care services and the complexity of addressing opioid errors from the clinician's perspective. The findings from this priority setting process will inform future targeted quality improvement initiatives to support safe opioid medication practices in cancer and palliative care services.


Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia , Humanos , Neoplasias/patologia , Segurança do Paciente
13.
Vet Comp Oncol ; 16(2): 214-219, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28857446

RESUMO

Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common tumours of the canine skin, and are estimated to represent up to 20% of all skin tumours in dogs. Tumour grade has a major impact on the incidence of local recurrence and metastatic potential. In addition to helping the clinician with surgical planning, knowledge of the tumour grade also assists in proper prognostication and client education. For pre-treatment biopsies to be useful, there must exist a high level of correlation between the histopathological grade obtained from the pre-treatment biopsy and the actual histopathological grade from the excisional biopsy. The aim of this study was to determine concordance of tumour grade between various biopsy techniques (wedge, punch, needle core) and the "gold standard" excisional biopsy method. We found an overall concordance rate of 96% based on the Patnaik grading system, and an overall concordance rate of 92% based on the Kiupel grading system. The accuracy of the various biopsy techniques (wedge, punch and needle core) when compared with excisional biopsy was 92%, 100% and 100%, respectively, based on the Patnaik grading system, and 90%, 95% and 100%, respectively, based on the Kiupel grading system. Of the cases with discordant results, the pre-treatment biopsies tended to underestimate the grade of the tumour. Based on these results, we conclude that pre-treatment biopsies are sufficiently accurate for differentiating low-grade from high-grade MCTs, regardless of biopsy technique or tumour location.


Assuntos
Biópsia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Sarcoma de Mastócitos/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Mastócitos/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Animais , Austrália , Biópsia/métodos , Cães , Modelos Logísticos , Mastócitos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia
14.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) ; 27(2): e12588, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27734541

RESUMO

Lung cancer is a significant international health problem. Aligning clinical practice with evidence-based guideline recommendations has the potential to improve patient outcomes. This scoping review describes evidence-practice gaps across the diagnostic and management care pathway for lung cancer. We conducted searches of online databases Medline, PsychInfo, Cinahl and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published between 2008 and 2012. Of 614 articles screened, 65 met inclusion criteria. We identified seven evidence-practice gaps: (1) delays in timely diagnosis and referral; (2) curative and (3) palliative treatments are under-utilised; (4) older age and co-morbidities influence the use of treatments; (5) the benefits of multidisciplinary team review are not available to all lung cancer patients; (6) psychosocial needs are unmet; and (7) early referral to palliative care services is under-utilised. The scoping review highlighted three key messages: (1) there are significant challenges in the timely diagnosis and referral of lung cancer; (2) curative and palliative treatments, psychosocial support and palliative care are under-utilised in lung cancer management; and (3) variations in treatment utilisation appear to be associated with non-disease factors such as patient characteristics, provider practices and the organisation of health care services. Future research should focus on designing interventions to overcome variations in care.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Oncologia , Lacunas da Prática Profissional , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos , Psico-Oncologia/normas , Encaminhamento e Consulta/normas
15.
Support Care Cancer ; 26(1): 275-286, 2018 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28808797

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to determine how carer needs changed longitudinally and understand associations between unmet needs and distress. METHODS: Family carers of patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) were recruited. Carers completed questionnaires during patients' chemoradiotherapy (T1), 3 months (T2) and 6 months (T3) including the following: the Distress Thermometer, the General Health Questionnaire-12, the Partner and Carer Supportive Care (PCS) Needs Scale and its supplement the Access to Services Needs Scale and the Brain Tumour Specific Supportive Care Needs Scale. Linear latent growth models were applied. RESULTS: The time 1 questionnaire was completed by 118 carers; 70 carers provided responses at time 3. While the mean numbers of elevated (moderate to high) needs remained stable over time, the specific needs changed. The most frequently reported PCS needs included the impact of caring on the carer's working life or usual activities, finding more accessible parking, making life decisions in the context of uncertainty, reducing stress in the patient's life and understanding the patient's experience. The most frequently reported need unique to carers of a brain tumour patient was for information on adjusting to cognitive changes in the patient. Other prominent needs included managing difficult aspects of the patient's behaviour and adjusting to changes in the patient's personality, both of which increased over time. Higher numbers of unmet needs were associated cross-sectionally with higher distress levels. CONCLUSION: Carers of people with HGG remain highly distressed and their needs evolve over time, indicating a requirement for ongoing evaluation of unmet needs and interventions to address carer psychological morbidities.


Assuntos
Cuidadores/psicologia , Empatia/ética , Glioma/psicologia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Emoções , Feminino , Glioma/mortalidade , Glioma/patologia , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
16.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 17(1): 757, 2017 Nov 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29162086

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: eHealth has potential for supporting interdisciplinary care in contemporary traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation practice, yet little is known about whether this potential is being realised, or what needs to be done to further support its implementation. The purpose of this study was to explore health professionals' experiences of, and attitudes towards eHealth technologies to support interdisciplinary practice within rehabilitation for people after TBI. METHODS: A qualitative study using narrative analysis was conducted. One individual interview and three focus groups were conducted with health professionals (n = 17) working in TBI rehabilitation in public and private healthcare settings across regional and metropolitan New South Wales, Australia. RESULTS: Narrative analysis revealed that participants held largely favourable views about eHealth and its potential to support interdisciplinary practice in TBI rehabilitation. However, participants encountered various issues related to (a) the design of, and access to electronic medical records, (b) technology, (c) eHealth implementation, and (d) information and communication technology processes that disconnected them from the work they needed to accomplish. In response, health professionals attempted to make the most of unsatisfactory eHealth systems and processes, but were still mostly unsuccessful in optimising the quality, efficiency, and client-centredness of their work. CONCLUSIONS: Attention to sources of disconnection experienced by health professionals, specifically design of, and access to electronic health records, eHealth resourcing, and policies and procedures related to eHealth and interdisciplinary practice are required if the potential of eHealth for supporting interdisciplinary practice is to be realised.


Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/reabilitação , Pessoal de Saúde , Telemedicina , Adulto , Atenção à Saúde , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , New South Wales , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Telemedicina/métodos
17.
J Vet Intern Med ; 31(3): 825-831, 2017 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28370379

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Limited information is available about prognostic factors for recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) to the L4-S3 segments. Previous research suggests that L4-S3 SCI does not have a worse prognosis than T3-L3 SCI. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To elucidate prognostic factors for regaining urinary continence and ambulation in dogs with L4-S3 SCI and compare prognosis to T3-L3 SCI. ANIMALS/METHODS: A retrospective study on 61 nonambulatory dogs with L4-S3 SCI, matched to dogs with T3-L3 SCI, compared 3 weeks after onset. Prognostic factors explored using logistic regression and used for matching: nonchondrodystrophic dogs >15 kg versus dogs that were chondrodystrophic or <15 kg; compressive versus noncompressive lesions; presence versus absence of conscious pain perception (CPP); and lower vs upper motor neuron (LMN/UMN) incontinence. RESULTS: Fewer L4-S3 dogs regained continence compared to T3-L3 dogs (64 vs 85%, P = .0033), but no difference existed for regaining ambulation (66 vs 75%, P = .1306). In L4-S3 SCI dogs, fewer dogs regained continence with loss of CPP (P < .001), LMN incontinence (P = .004), and noncompressive lesions (P = .006). Negative prognostic factors for regaining ambulation included absent CPP (P < .001) and large nonchondrodystrophic breed (P = .022). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Dogs with L4-S3 SCI have a poorer short-term prognosis than do dogs with T3-L3 SCI. Dogs with L4-S3 SCI had a poor prognosis with loss of CPP, or noncompressive lesions combined with LMN incontinence. Small-breed or chondrodystrophic dogs with retained CPP, compressive lesions, and UMN incontinence had an excellent prognosis. These findings may help guide decision-making in L4-S3 SCI.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Cães/lesões , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/veterinária , Incontinência Urinária/veterinária , Animais , Região Lombossacral/lesões , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Incontinência Urinária/diagnóstico , Incontinência Urinária/etiologia , Caminhada
18.
J Thromb Haemost ; 15(5): 1032-1039, 2017 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28294518

RESUMO

Essentials Endothelial secretion of von Willebrand factor (VWF) promotes inflammation and thrombosis. We studied the role of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and Munc18c protein complex in VWF secretion. Disruption of PP2B-Munc18c complex in endothelial cells reduced agonist-induced VWF secretion. PP2B-Munc18c complex represents a potential target for thrombotic and inflammatory conditions. SUMMARY: Background Aberrant secretion of von Willebrand factor (VWF) from endothelial cells contributes to inflammation and vascular thrombosis. Agonist-induced VWF secretion is facilitated by protein kinase and phosphatase-mediated signaling. Although the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B-Aα) is targeted to the secretory machinery via an interaction with the vesicle trafficking protein Munc18c in endothelial cells, the functional relevance of this phosphatase complex is unclear. Objective To assess the contribution of the PP2B-Aα-Munc18c complex to endothelial VWF secretion. Results Here, we show that amino acids 120-130 of PP2B-Aα are important to support an interaction with Munc18c. A synthetic myristylated cell-permeable peptide, which is derived from amino acids 121-130 of PP2B-Aα, disrupted endogenous PP2B-Aα-Munc18c complexes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and decreased low-dose histamine-stimulated and thrombin-stimulated VWF secretion. Conclusion These studies indicate that PP2B-Aα-Munc18c complex supports agonist-induced VWF secretion, and suggest the potential of targeting this phosphatase complex in thrombotic and inflammatory conditions.


Assuntos
Calcineurina/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/enzimologia , Proteínas Munc18/metabolismo , Fator de von Willebrand/metabolismo , Calcineurina/genética , Células Cultivadas , Regulação para Baixo , Histamina/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Humanos , Mutação , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Ligação Proteica , Domínios e Motivos de Interação entre Proteínas , Trombina/farmacologia , Transfecção
19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27726221

RESUMO

Cancer survivorship is recognised globally as a key issue. In spite of the key role played by nurses in survivorship care, there is an identified gap in nurse's knowledge in this area. This study reports on the development and evaluation of an educational resource for nurses working with people affected by cancer. The resource was designed using adult learning principles and includes a variety of learning materials and point of care resources. A mixed-methods sequential exploratory design was used to undertake an evaluation of the programme. This included the use of online surveys and semi-structured interviews with pilot participants. A total of 21 participants completed an online survey and 11 participants completed a telephone interview. Overall, the participants found the Cancer Survivorship resource to be engaging, practical and intuitive. A major theme emerging from the survey and interview data was that the resource was applicable to practice and useful in developing survivorship care plans. Respondents requested additional information be included on the role of various health professionals working in survivorship as well as guidelines on when to make referrals. This study provides evidence that the Cancer Survivorship tool may be a promising vehicle for delivering evidence-based education on survivorship care.


Assuntos
Educação em Enfermagem/métodos , Neoplasias/enfermagem , Enfermagem Oncológica/educação , Sobrevivência , Adulto , Idoso , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Educação a Distância/métodos , Humanos , Internet , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação Pessoal , Projetos Piloto , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Queensland , Inquéritos e Questionários , Vitória , Adulto Jovem
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