EFFICACY OF OSSEIN-HYDROXYAPATITE COMPLEX AS A PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTOR OF BONE LOSS (REVIEW).

The problem of osteoporosis is relevant due to the high frequency of its prevalence throughout the world. Complex mechanisms for maintaining bone mass biomass require various options for their pharmacological correction, so the range of proposed drugs is expanding. Among the debatable indications for the pharmacological correction of osteopenia and osteoporosis, the effectiveness and safety of the ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC), which contributes to the preservation of mitogenic effects on bone cells, are specified. The literature review dis-cusses aspects of the use of OHC: in traumatology and surgery for problematic complicated fractures, the impact of both excess and deficiency of hormonal regulators in postmenopausal women or in conditions of long-term pharmacotherapy with glucocorticoids, age-related as-pects from childhood to old age correction by OHC of accompanying bone tissue imbalance in pediatrics and geriatrics are considered, as well as the mechanisms of the positive effect of OHC in experimental data are clarified. Among the unresolved debatable issues of clinical protocols, various dose aspects, duration of therapy and clarification of indications in accord-ance with the requirements of personalized medicine continue to remain.

[PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF BLOOD AND BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUIDS BIOMARKERS FOR IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FYBROSIS (REVIEW)].

The article reveals the modern aspects of IPF pathogenesis in with an emphasis on the main proposed prognostic biomarkers. IPF remains the leader among diseases with unknown etiology, the diagnosis and management of which are not very successful, despite the obvious progress in molecular medicine. There is presented analysis of the significance of IPF potential biomarkers and their concentrations in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL): endothelin-1, CC-chemokine ligand 18, interleukin-1, surfactant protein SP-D in the review. The role of their changing levels in the blood and BAL for assessing the course of the IPF and its prognosis, as well as the prevailing importance of the polymorphism of the genes encoding them, is shown. Obviously, the progressive accumulation of fibroblast-myofibroblast cells in the lungs IPF patients worsens the prognosis of disease, forms its own environment with a set of cytokines, growth factors, collagen, fibronectin in the extracellular matrix of fibrous lungs. The insufficient amount of studies in the face of the rarity of the disease leaves a lot of controversial issues for solution in the future. Obviously, to assess the prognosis of IPF mortality, it is necessary to include a very large number of patients, to extend the observation period, which increases their cost and reduces the opportunities and desire of pharmaceutical companies to participate in these studies.