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1.
Phytomedicine ; 132: 155838, 2024 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38964153

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Areca nut polyphenols (AP) that extracted from areca nut, have been demonstrated for their potential of anti-fatigue effects. However, the underlying mechanisms for the anti-fatigue properties of AP has not been fully elucidated to date. Previous studies have predominantly concentrated on single aspects, such as antioxidation and anti-inflammation, yet have lacked comprehensive multi-dimensional analyses. PURPOSE: To explore the underlying mechanism of AP in exerting anti-fatigue effects. METHODS: In this study, we developed a chronic sleep deprivation-induced fatigue model and used physiological, hematological, and biochemical indicators to evaluate the anti- fatigue efficacy of AP. Additionally, a multi-omics approach was employed to reveal the anti-fatigue mechanisms of AP from the perspective of microbiome, metabolome, and proteome. RESULTS: The detection of physiology, hematology and biochemistry index indicated that AP markedly alleviate mice fatigue state induced by sleep deprivation. The 16S rRNA sequencing showed the AP promoted the abundance of probiotics (Odoribacter, Dubosiella, Marvinbryantia, and Eubacterium) and suppressed harmful bacteria (Ruminococcus). On the other hand, AP was found to regulate the expression of colonic proteins, such as increases of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and mitochondrial function related proteins, including ATP5A1, ATP5O, ATP5L, ATP5H, NDUFA, NDUFB, NDUFS, and NDUFV. Serum metabolomic analysis revealed AP upregulated the levels of anti-fatigue amino acids, such as taurine, leucine, arginine, glutamine, lysine, and l-proline. Hepatic proteins express levels, especially tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (CS, SDHB, MDH2, and DLST) and redox-related proteins (SOD1, SOD2, GPX4, and PRDX3), were significantly recovered by AP administration. Spearman correlation analysis uncovered the strong correlation between microbiome, metabolome and proteome, suggesting the anti-fatigue effects of AP is attribute to the energy homeostasis and redox balance through gut-liver axis. CONCLUSION: AP increased colonic ATP production and improve mitochondrial function by regulating gut microbiota, and further upregulated anti-fatigue amino acid levels in the blood. Based on the gut-liver axis, AP upregulated the hepatic tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidoreductase-related protein expression, regulating energy homeostasis and redox balance, and ultimately exerting anti-fatigue effects. This study provides insights into the anti-fatigue mechanisms of AP, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.

2.
Mol Nutr Food Res ; : e2400154, 2024 Jun 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38932553

RESUMO

SCOPE: The cannabidiol (CBD) in hemp oil has important pharmacological activities. Accumulating evidence suggests that CBD is beneficial in the cardiovascular system and has been applied as a health supplement for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigates the impact of CBD on foam cell formation, cholesterol homeostasis, and lipid metabolism in macrophages. CBD elevates the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its associated targets, such as ATP binding transporter A1/G1 (ABCA1/ABCG1), thus reducing foam cell formation, and increasing cholesterol efflux within macrophages. Notably, the upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression induced by CBD is found to be attenuated by both a PPARγ inhibitor and PPARγ small interfering RNA (siRNA). Moreover, transfection of PPARγ siRNA results in a decrease in the inhibitory effect of CBD on foam cell formation and promotion of cholesterol efflux. Through lipidomics analysis, the study finds that CBD significantly reverses the enhancement of ceramide (Cer). Correlation analysis indicates a negative association between Cer level and the expression of ABCA1/ABCG1. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that CBD can be an effective therapeutic candidate for atherosclerosis treatment by activating PPARγ, up-regulating ABCA1/ABCG1 expression, and down-regulating Cer level.

3.
Toxicol Ind Health ; 40(7): 387-397, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38729922

RESUMO

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant and has been detected in various environmental matrices including indoor dust. Inhalation of indoor dust is one of the most important pathways for human exposure to TDCIPP. However, its adverse effects on human lung cells and potential impacts on respiratory toxicity are largely unknown. In the current study, human non-small cell carcinoma (A549) cells were selected as a cell model, and the effects of TDCIPP on cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Our data indicated a concentration-dependent decrease in the cell viability of A549 cells after exposure to TDCIPP for 48 h, with half lethal concentration (LC50) being 82.6 µM. In addition, TDCIPP caused cell cycle arrest mainly in the G0/G1 phase by down-regulating the mRNA expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6, while up-regulating the mRNA expression of p21 and p27. In addition, cell apoptosis was induced via altering the expression levels of Bcl-2, BAX, and BAK. Our study implies that TDCIPP may pose potential health risks to the human respiratory system and its toxicity should not be neglected.


Assuntos
Apoptose , Sobrevivência Celular , Retardadores de Chama , Compostos Organofosforados , Humanos , Células A549 , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Retardadores de Chama/toxicidade , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos Organofosforados/toxicidade , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos
4.
J Proteome Res ; 23(6): 2100-2111, 2024 Jun 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38634357

RESUMO

Gut microbiota-derived microbial compounds may link to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of the host-microbiome in the incidence and progression of CRC remains elusive. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics, and proteomic studies on samples from 85 CRC patients who underwent colonoscopy examination and found two distinct changed patterns of microbiome in CRC patients. The relative abundances of Catabacter and Mogibacterium continuously increased from intramucosal carcinoma to advanced stages, whereas Clostridium, Anaerostipes, Vibrio, Flavonifractor, Holdemanella, and Hungatella were significantly altered only in intermediate lesions. Fecal metabolomics analysis exhibited consistent increases in bile acids, indoles, and urobilin as well as a decrease in heme. Serum metabolomics uncovered the highest levels of bilin, glycerides, and nucleosides together with the lowest levels of bile acids and amino acids in the stage of intermediate lesions. Three fecal and one serum dipeptides were elevated in the intermediate lesions. Proteomics analysis of colorectal tissues showed that oxidation and autophagy through the PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway contribute to the development of CRC. Diagnostic analysis showed multiomics features have good predictive capability, with AUC greater than 0.85. Our overall findings revealed new candidate biomarkers for CRC, with potentially significant diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Fezes , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Metabolômica , Proteômica , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais/microbiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Proteômica/métodos , Fezes/microbiologia , Fezes/química , Metabolômica/métodos , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Transdução de Sinais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Multiômica
5.
Food Chem ; 446: 138852, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428078

RESUMO

Foodomics has become a popular methodology in food science studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolomics and proteomics analysis played indispensable roles in foodomics research. So far, several methodologies have been developed to detect the metabolites and proteins in diets and consumers, including sample preparation, MS data acquisition, annotation and interpretation. Moreover, multiomics analysis integrated metabolomics and proteomics have received considerable attentions in the field of food safety and nutrition, because of more comprehensive and deeply. In this context, we intended to review the emerging strategies and their applications in MS-based foodomics, as well as future challenges and trends. The principle and application of multiomics were also discussed, such as the optimization of data acquisition, development of analysis algorithm and exploration of systems biology.


Assuntos
Metabolômica , Proteômica , Proteômica/métodos , Metabolômica/métodos , Tecnologia de Alimentos , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Estado Nutricional
6.
Food Funct ; 15(8): 4037-4050, 2024 Apr 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38533894

RESUMO

Frequent consumption of fried foods has been strongly associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depression, particularly among young individuals. The existing evidence has indicated that acrylamide produced from starchy foods at high temperatures can induce anxious behavior. However, there is limited research on the nerve damage caused by thermo-induced oxidized oil (TIOO). In this study, we conducted behavioral tests on mice and found that prolonged consumption of TIOO led to significant anxiety behavior and a tendency toward depression. TIOO primarily induced these two emotional disorders by affecting the differentiation of microglia, the level of inflammatory factors, the activation of astrocytes, and glutamate circulation in brain tissue. By promoting the over-differentiation of microglia into M1 microglia, TIOO disrupted their differentiation balance, resulting in an up-regulation of inflammatory factors (IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, NOS2) in M1 microglia and a down-regulation of neuroprotective factors IL-4/IL-10 in M2 microglia, leading to nerve damage. Moreover, TIOO activated astrocytes, accelerating their proliferation and causing GFAP precipitation, which damaged astrocytes. Meanwhile, TIOO stimulates the secretion of the BDNF and reduces the level of the glutamate receptor GLT-1 in astrocytes, leading to a disorder in the glutamate-glutamine cycle, further exacerbating nerve damage. In conclusion, this study suggests that long-term intake of thermo-induced oxidized oil can trigger symptoms of anxiety and depression.


Assuntos
Ansiedade , Astrócitos , Depressão , Microglia , Animais , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Microglia/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Masculino , Oxirredução , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Temperatura Alta , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos
7.
Mol Omics ; 20(3): 192-202, 2024 Mar 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38224158

RESUMO

Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) is commonly consumed as a chewing food in the Asian region. However, the investigations into the components of areca nut are limited. In this study, we have developed an approach that combines mass spectrometry with feature-based molecular network to explore the chemical characteristics of the areca nut. In comparison to the conventional method, this technique demonstrates a superior capability in annotating unknown compounds present in areca nut. We annotated a total of 52 compounds, including one potential previously unreported alkaloid, one carbohydrate, and one phenol and confirmed the presence of 7 of them by comparing with commercial standards. The validated method was used to evaluate chemical features of areca nut at different growth stages, annotating 25 compounds as potential biomarkers for distinguishing areca nut growth stages. Therefore, this approach offers a rapid and accurate method for the component analysis of areca nut.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Areca , Areca/química , Nozes/química , Alcaloides/análise , Alcaloides/química , Espectrometria de Massas
8.
Analyst ; 149(3): 751-760, 2024 Jan 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38194259

RESUMO

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play an important role in the nutritional value of milk lipids. However, a comprehensive analysis of PUFAs and their esters in milk is still scarce. In this study, we developed a novel pseudotargeted lipidomics approach, named SpecLipIDA, for determining PUFA lipids in milk. Triglycerides (TGs) and phospholipids (PLs) were separated using NH2 cartridges, and mass spectrometry data in the information-dependent acquisition (IDA) mode were preprocessed by MS-DIAL, leading to improved identification in subsequent targeted analysis. The target matching algorithm, based on specific lipid cleavage patterns, demonstrated enhanced identification of PUFA lipids compared to the lipid annotations provided by MS-DIAL and GNPS. The approach was applied to identify PUFA lipids in various milk samples, resulting in the detection of a total of 115 PUFA lipids. The results revealed distinct differences in PUFA lipids among different samples, with 44 PUFA lipids significantly contributing to these differences. Our study indicated that SpecLipIDA is an efficient method for rapidly and specifically screening PUFA lipids.


Assuntos
Lipidômica , Leite , Animais , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados , Fosfolipídeos , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos , Ácidos Graxos
9.
Food Chem ; 438: 137400, 2024 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38039864

RESUMO

The digestion behavior of lipids plays a crucial role in their nutritional bioaccessibility, which subsequently impacts human health. This study aims to investigate potential variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages, considering the distinct physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract in infants, aging populations, and healthy young adults. The digestion fates of high oleic peanut oil (HOPO), sunflower oil (SO), and linseed oil (LINO) were investigated using in vitro digestion models representing infants, adults, and elders. Comparatively, lipid digestion proved to be more comprehensive in adults, leading to free fatty acid (FFA) levels of 64.53%, 62.32%, and 57.90% for HOPO, SO, and LINO, respectively. Besides, infants demonstrated propensity to selectively release FFAs with shorter chain lengths and higher saturation levels during the digestion. In addition, in the gastric phase, particle sizes among the elderly were consistently larger than those observed in infants and adults, despite adults generating approximately 15% FFAs within the stomach. In summary, this study enhances our fundamental comprehension of how lipids with varying degrees of unsaturation undergo digestion in diverse age groups.


Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados , Óleo de Semente do Linho , Humanos , Idoso , Óleo de Girassol , Trato Gastrointestinal , Óleo de Amendoim , Digestão/fisiologia
10.
Anal Chem ; 95(51): 18793-18802, 2023 12 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38095040

RESUMO

Metabolomics and proteomics offer significant advantages in understanding biological mechanisms at two hierarchical levels. However, conventional single omics analysis faces challenges due to the high demand for specimens and the complexity of intrinsic associations. To obtain comprehensive and accurate system biological information, we developed a multiomics analytical method called Windows Scanning Multiomics (WSM). In this method, we performed simultaneous extraction of metabolites and proteins from the same sample, resulting in a 10% increase in the coverage of the identified biomolecules. Both metabolomics and proteomics analyses were conducted by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), eliminating the need for instrument conversions. Additionally, we designed an R-based program (WSM.R) to integrate mathematical and biological correlations between metabolites and proteins into a correlation network. The network created from simultaneously extracted biomolecules was more focused and comprehensive compared to those from separate extractions. Notably, we excluded six pairs of false-positive relationships between metabolites and proteins in the network established using simultaneously extracted biomolecules. In conclusion, this study introduces a novel approach for multiomics analysis and data processing that greatly aids in bioinformation mining from multiomics results. This method is poised to play an indispensable role in systems biology research.


Assuntos
Multiômica , Proteômica , Proteômica/métodos , Cromatografia Líquida , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Metabolômica/métodos
11.
Food Res Int ; 173(Pt 1): 113301, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37803609

RESUMO

Oil is one of three nutritious elements. The application of omics techniques in the field of oil science and technology is attracted increasing attention. Oilomics, which emerged as an important branch of foodomics, has been widely used in various aspects of oil science and technology. However, there are currently no articles systematically reviewing the application of oilomics. This paper aims to provide a critical overview of the advantages and value of oilomics technology compared to traditional techniques in various aspects of oil science and technology, including oil nutrition, oil processing, oil quality, safety, and traceability. Moreover, this article intends to review major issues in oilomics and give a comprehensive, critical overview of the current state of the art, future challenges and trends in oilomics, with a view to promoting the optimal application and development of oilomics technology in oil science and technology.


Assuntos
Análise de Alimentos , Estado Nutricional , Análise de Alimentos/métodos , Tecnologia
12.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 251: 126323, 2023 Aug 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37586629

RESUMO

M1 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is a promising approach to breaking through therapeutic barriers imposed by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). As a clinically-used immunopotentiator for cancer patients after chemotherapies; however, the immunomodulatory mechanism and potential of polyporus polysaccharide (PPS) remains unclear. Here, we present mannose-decorated PPS-loaded superparamagnetic iron-based nanocomposites (Man/PPS-SPIONs) for synergistic M1 polarization of TAMs and consequent combinational anti-breast cancer therapy. Once internalized by M2-like TAMs, PPS released from Man/PPS-SPIONs induces the M1 polarization via IFN-γ secretion and downstream NF-κB pathway activating. The SPIONs within the nanocomposites mediate a Fenton reaction, producing OH· and activating the subsequent NF-κB/MAPK pathway, further facilitating the M1 polarization. The Man/PPS-SPIONs thereby establish a positive feedback loop of M1 polarization driven by the "IFN-γ-Fenton-NF-κB/MAPK" multi-pathway, leading to a series of anti-tumoral immunologic responses in the TME and holding promising potential in combinational anticancer therapies. Our study offers a new strategy to amplify TME engineering by combinational natural carbohydrate polymers and iron-based materials.

13.
Int J Nanomedicine ; 18: 2839-2853, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37273286

RESUMO

Background: Berberine (BR) shows promise as a candidate for treating irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). However, the undesired physicochemical properties and poor oral absorption limit its clinical translation. A ketogenic diet (KD) can induce intestinal overexpression of cannabidiol (CB) receptors, which may offer a potential target for IBS-D-specific delivery of BR. Methods: The microemulsions loaded with BR and decorated with cannabidiol (CBD/BR-MEs) were developed through a one-step emulsion method. The pharmaceutical behaviors of the CBD/BR-MEs were measured using dynamic light scattering and high-performance liquid chromatography. The efficacy of the anti-IBS-D therapy was evaluated by assessing fecal water content, Bristol score, and AWR score. The intestinal permeability were assessed through immunofluorescent staining of CB1 and ZO-1, respectively. The signaling of CREB/BDNF/c-Fos was also studied along with immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical examination of brain sections. Results: The CBD/BR-MEs, which had a particle size of approximately 30 nm and a surface density of 2% (wt%) CBD, achieved greater than 80% (wt%) encapsulation efficiency of BR. The pharmacokinetics performance of CBD/BR-MEs was significantly improved in the KD-fed IBS-D rats than the standard diet-fed ones, which is highly related to intestinal expression of CB1 receptors. The treatment with CBD/BR-MEs and KD exhibited evident comprehensive advantages over the other groups in terms of anti-IBS-D efficacy. CBD/BR-MEs and KD synergistically decreased intestinal permeability. Moreover, the treatment with CBD/BR-MEs and KD not only blocked the CREB/BDNF/c-Fos signaling in the brain but also decreased the levels of neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory cytokines in the serum of IBS-D model rats. Conclusion: Such a design represents the first attempt at IBS-D-targeted drug delivery for improved oral absorption and efficacy through KD-induced target exposure, which holds promising potential for the treatment of IBS-D.


Assuntos
Berberina , Canabidiol , Dieta Cetogênica , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável , Ratos , Animais , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/metabolismo , Berberina/farmacologia , Berberina/uso terapêutico , Canabidiol/farmacologia , Canabidiol/uso terapêutico , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico
14.
Foods ; 12(10)2023 May 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37238838

RESUMO

The composition and digestion of phospholipid-rich foods have important effects on the health of the body. Herein, a model-assisted liquid chromatography coupling mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was established to analyze the phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lyso-phosphatidylcholine (LPC) species in krill oil before and after digestion. According to the confirmed PC and LPC species in the IDA (information dependent acquisition) results, three categories of mathematical models were set up, involving the retention time (RT), carbon number and unsaturation degree of the fatty acyl chain. All of the regression coefficient values (R2) were greater than 0.90, showing satisfactory fitting results. On this basis, using the computationally created precursor ion mass of PC and LPC species, 12 extra PC species and 4 LPC species were found in the SWATH (sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ions) results. The PC and LPC compositions in the final digestive products had obvious differences among the different krill oils with different phospholipid content. Furthermore, more than half of the LPC species in the final digestive products were newly generated, indicating that LPC was one of basic constituents in the digestive products of krill oil. In conclusion, model-assisted hybrid IDA and SWATH acquisition has excellent detection performance, contributing to deep studies of the formations and functions of phospholipids.

15.
Life Sci ; 325: 121774, 2023 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37172817

RESUMO

AIMS: Lipid metabolism in macrophages plays a key role in atherosclerosis development. Excessive low-density lipoprotein taken by macrophages leads to foam cell formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on foam cells, and using mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches to identified the protein expression changes of foam cells. MAIN METHODS: The foam cell model was build, then treated with astaxanthin, and tested the content of TC and FC. And proteomics analysis was used in macrophage, macrophage-derived foam cells and macrophage-derived foam cells treated with AST. Then bioinformatic analyses were performed to annotate the functions and associated pathways of the differential proteins. Finally, western blot analysis further confirmed the differential expression of these proteins. KEY FINDINGS: Total cholesterol (TC) while free cholesterol (FC) increased in foam cells treated with astaxanthin. The proteomics data set presents a global view of the critical pathways involved in lipid metabolism included PI3K/CDC42 and PI3K/RAC1/TGF-ß1 pathways. These pathways significantly increased cholesterol efflux from foam cells and further improved foam cell-induced inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE: The present finding provide new insights into the mechanism of astaxanthin regulate lipid metabolism in macrophage foam cells.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose , Células Espumosas , Humanos , Células Espumosas/metabolismo , Proteômica , Colesterol/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas LDL/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo
16.
J Sci Food Agric ; 103(12): 5893-5903, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37144349

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The digestion behavior of lipids plays a crucial role in their nutritional values. Currently, the complex dynamic variations of human gastrointestinal conditions are considered in simulated digestion models. The present study compared the digestion behavior of glycerol trilaurate (GTL), glycerol tripalmitate (GTP) and glycerol tristearate (GTS) in a static in vitro digestion model and a dynamic in vitro digestion model. In the dynamic digestion model, the parameters of gastric juice secretion, the rate of gastric emptying, the secretion of intestinal juice and the pH variations were estimated. RESULTS: The dynamic digestion model showed a certain extent of gastric lipase hydrolysis, while almost no lipolysis happened in the gastric phase of the static digestion model. A smoother digestive behavior was observed in the dynamic model than that in the static model. In the static model, the particle size distribution in gastric and intestinal phase changed rapidly in all triacylglycerol (TAG) groups. The change of particle size during the whole digestion period in GTL is more moderate than GTP and GTS. In addition, the final free fatty acids release degree was 58.558%, 54.36%, and 52.97% for GTL, GTP, and GTS, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study illustrated the different digestion profiles of TAGs in two digestion models and the results will contribute to a better understanding of different in vitro digestion models in lipid digestion. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.


Assuntos
Glicerol , Estômago , Humanos , Digestão , Guanosina Trifosfato , Lipólise , Modelos Biológicos
17.
Mol Omics ; 19(6): 464-472, 2023 07 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37139637

RESUMO

Food metabolomics is described as the implementation of metabolomics to food systems such as food materials, food processing, and food nutrition. These applications generally create large amounts of data, and although technologies exist to analyze these data and different tools exist for various ecosystems, downstream analysis is still a challenge and the tools are not integrated into a single method. In this article, we developed a data processing method for untargeted LC-MS data in metabolomics, derived from the integration of computational MS tools from OpenMS into the workflow system Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME). This method can analyze raw MS data and produce high-quality visualization. A MS1 spectra-based identification, two MS2 spectra-based identification workflows and a GNPSExport-GNPS workflow are included in this method. Compared with conventional approaches, the results of MS1&MS2 spectra-based identification workflows are combined in this approach via the tolerance of retention times and mass to charge ratios (m/z), which can greatly reduce the rate of false positives in metabolomics datasets. In our example, filtering with the tolerance removed more than 50% of the possible identifications while retaining 90% of the correct identification. The results demonstrated that the developed method is a rapid and reliable method for food metabolomics data processing.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Software , Metabolômica/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos
18.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 90: 105607, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37149271

RESUMO

Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is one of the most commonly found organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in the environment and the general population. Continuous daily exposure to TPhP may adversely impact male reproductive health. However, few researches were conducted to investigate the direct effects of TPhP on the progress of sperm growth and development. In this study, mouse spermatocyte GC-2spd (GC-2) cells were selected as an in vitro model, the impact of oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, DNA damage, cell apoptosis and the related molecular mechanisms were investigated using high content screening (HCS) system. Our study indicated that cell viability was decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner after TPhP treatment with the half lethal concentration (LC50) at 105.8, 61.61 and 53.23 µM for 24, 48 and 72 h. A concentration-related apoptosis occurrence was observed in GC-2 cells after TPhP exposure for 48 h. In addition, the elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) also observed after exposing to 6, 30 and 60 µM of TPhP. Furthermore, based on the enhancement of pH2AX protein and alteration of nuclear morphology or DNA content, DNA damage might be induced by higher concentration of TPhP treatment. Simultaneously, alteration of mitochondrial structure, enhancement of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduction of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, altered expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, release of cytochrome c and increase of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity demonstrated that caspase-3 dependent mitochondrial pathway might play a key role in the process of GC-2 cell apoptosis. Taken together, these results showed that TPhP was a mitochondrial toxicant and apoptotic inducer, which might trigger alike responses in human spermatogenic cells. Therefore, the potential reproductive toxicity of TPhP should not be ignored.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Retardadores de Chama , Humanos , Masculino , Animais , Camundongos , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Espermatócitos , Sêmen/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Organofosfatos/toxicidade , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Retardadores de Chama/toxicidade
19.
Biomater Res ; 27(1): 48, 2023 May 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37198657

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Conventional dissolving microneedles (DMNs) face significant challenges in anti-melanoma therapy due to the lack of active thrust to achieve efficient transdermal drug delivery and intra-tumoral penetration. METHODS: In this study, the effervescent cannabidiol solid dispersion-doped dissolving microneedles (Ef/CBD-SD@DMNs) composed of the combined effervescent components (CaCO3 & NaHCO3) and CBD-based solid dispersion (CBD-SD) were facilely fabricated by the "one-step micro-molding" method for boosted transdermal and tumoral delivery of cannabidiol (CBD). RESULTS: Upon pressing into the skin, Ef/CBD-SD@DMNs rapidly produce CO2 bubbles through proton elimination, significantly enhancing the skin permeation and tumoral penetration of CBD. Once reaching the tumors, Ef/CBD-SD@DMNs can activate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) to increase Ca2+ influx and inhibit the downstream NFATc1-ATF3 signal to induce cell apoptosis. Additionally, Ef/CBD-SD@DMNs raise intra-tumoral pH environment to trigger the engineering of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including the M1 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and increase of T cells infiltration. The introduction of Ca2+ can not only amplify the effervescent effect but also provide sufficient Ca2+ with CBD to potentiate the anti-melanoma efficacy. Such a "one stone, two birds" strategy combines the advantages of effervescent effects on transdermal delivery and TME regulation, creating favorable therapeutic conditions for CBD to obtain stronger inhibition of melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: This study holds promising potential in the transdermal delivery of CBD for melanoma therapy and offers a facile tool for transdermal therapies of skin tumors.

20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37098174

RESUMO

Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) has important pharmacological activity, which includes antispasmodic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and antianxiety properties. CBD has been applied as a health supplement to atherosclerosis. However, CBDs effect on gut microbiota and metabolic phenotype is unclear. Materials and Methods: We constructed a high production of cardiovascular risk factors, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), in a mouse model using Clostridium sporogenes colonization. We used 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to evaluate the effect of CBD on gut microbiota and plasma metabolites. Results: CBD decreased the levels of creatine kinase (CK), alanine transaminase (ALT), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and markedly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, CBD treatment increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, which include Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 and Blautia in the gut, but it decreased the levels of TMAO and PAGln in the plasma. Conclusion: CBD might have beneficial effects for cardiovascular protection.

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