RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine if long-term exposure to high levels of lead in the environment is associated with decrements in cognitive ability in older Americans. METHODS: We completed a cross-sectional analysis using multiple linear regression to evaluate associations of recent (in blood) and cumulative (in tibia) lead dose with cognitive function in 991 sociodemographically diverse, community-dwelling adults, aged 50 to 70 years, randomly selected from 65 contiguous neighborhoods in Baltimore, MD. Tibia lead was measured with (109)Cd induced K-shell X-ray fluorescence. Seven summary measures of cognitive function were created based on standard tests in these domains: language, processing speed, eye-hand coordination, executive functioning, verbal memory and learning, visual memory, and visuoconstruction. RESULTS: The mean (SD) blood lead level was 3.5 (2.2) microg/dL and tibia lead level was 18.7 (11.2) microg/g. Higher tibia lead levels were consistently associated with worse cognitive function in all seven domains after adjusting for age, sex, APOE-epsilon4, and testing technician (six domains p Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/química
, Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico
, Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos
, Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Chumbo/diagnóstico
, Chumbo/análise
, Fatores Etários
, Idoso
, Apolipoproteína E4/genética
, Análise Química do Sangue/normas
, Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos
, Osso e Ossos/metabolismo
, Transtornos Cognitivos/induzido quimicamente
, Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia
, Estudos de Coortes
, Estudos Transversais
, Escolaridade
, Feminino
, Humanos
, Chumbo/sangue
, Chumbo/toxicidade
, Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Chumbo/epidemiologia
, Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Chumbo/metabolismo
, Masculino
, Programas de Rastreamento/métodos
, Programas de Rastreamento/normas
, Pessoa de Meia-Idade
, Testes Neuropsicológicos
, Variações Dependentes do Observador
, Valor Preditivo dos Testes
, Fatores Sexuais
, Fatores Socioeconômicos
, Espectrometria por Raios X/normas
, Tíbia/química
, Tíbia/efeitos dos fármacos
, Tíbia/metabolismo