[In vitro induced activity of polymorphonuclear leukocyte myeloperoxidase at different stages of opisthorchis invasion and at stages of a different rehabilitative period]. / Indutsirovannaia in vitro aktivnost' mieloperoksidazy polimorfnoiadernykh leikotsitov na raznykh stadiiakh opistorkhoznoi invazii i étapakh reabilitatsionnogo perioda.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 115 patients with opisthrochiasis at its different (acute and chronic) stages were studied before and 1-3 days, 1-3 months, and 1-2 years after antihelminthic therapy with bilthricide. The functional activity of the cells in question was evaluated following an hour load with different drugs: bilthricide, ascorbic acid, decaris, cyclophosphane, doxycycline in a final concentration of 2.5 x 10(-5) mole/l. Physiological solution and autologous plasma were test controls. The changes in the activity of extracellular (secreted), intracellular (reserve), and summary myeloperoxidase on incubation with each test agent were found to depend on the stage of the disease and the interval after antihelminthic therapy. In early Opisthorchis invasion, the maximum increase in the induced activity of secreted myeloperoxidase is followed by a fall in the level of reserve myeloperoxidase in response to these drugs. With this, there is the most pronounced decrease in reserve myeloperoxidase of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in chronic opisthorchiasis, which may be due to the disrupted controlling processes of its production at late stages of the disease. The distinctive features of the action of agents on the overall activity of granular leukocytic myeloperoxidase in acute and chronic opisthorchiasis suggests that autologous plasma, ascorbic acid, and doxycycline should be used as a test control at the clinical stage of Opisthorchis invasion.

[Increase of lysosomal cationic proteins of polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a response to opisthorchis invasion]. / Rost soderzhaniia lizosomal'nykh kationnykh belkov polimorfno-iadernykh leikotsitov kak otvet organizma na opistorkhoznuiu invaziiu.

Cytochemistry was used to study the level of lysosomal cationic proteins of polymorphonuclear peripheral leukocytes in 25 and 20 patients with acute and chronic opisthorchiasis, respectively, before treatment. Comparison groups included patients with chronic viral hepatitis C, bronchial asthma, as well as apparently healthy individuals free of Opisthorchis invasion. That the ratios of an increase in the intracellular content of lysosomal cationic proteins to that in the control individuals were found to be 13.86 and 4.50 for acute and chronic opisthorchiasis, respectively. At the same time, the contribution of an allergic component (bronchial asthma) to the changes in the index studied is greater than that of somatic lesions of the hepatic parenchyma (viral hepatitis C). The authors suggest that it is expedient to use lysosomal cationic proteins in combination with other indices for making a diagnosis and determining the stage of the disease in Opisthorchis invasion.

[Impact of anthelminthic therapy for opisthorchiasis on the biochemical parameters of hepatic function]. / Effekt terapii na biokhimicheskie pokazateli funktsii pecheni pri opistorkhoze.

A response of a complex of biochemical parameters of hepatic function to therapeutic exposures was studied at different stages of development of Opisthorchis invasion. The activity of AST, ALT, GGT, GGT, AP, AM, and CE and the concentration of bilirubin, cholesterol, and glucose in the sera from 232 patients with acute or chronic opisthorchiasis were studied. Their study was conducted in several steps: before treatment, after a course of pathogenetic therapy, 1-3 days after antihelminthic therapy with bilthricide and azinox, in early (following 1-3 months) and late (following more than 6 months) residual periods. Pathogenetic therapy was found to alleviate an acute inflammatory process in the liver, but without eliminating cholestasis completely. Antihelminthic therapy improved the results of hepatic tests in different periods after treatment for acute or chronic opisthorchiasis in relation to the rate of compensation of structural lesions. By and large, after pathogenetic and antihelminthic therapy for opisthorchiasis the parameters characterizing the cytolytic syndrome became more rapidly than those that reflect the biliary system. However, there was no complete recovery of impaired hepatic and pancreatic functions throughout the follow-up.

[Biochemical characteristics of hepatic functions in different clinical forms of chronic opisthorchiasis]. / Biokhimicheskaia kharakteristika funktsii pecheni pri razlichnykh klinicheskikh formakh khronicheskogo opistorkhoza.

The main biochemical indices of hepatic functions (the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, choline esterase and the concentrations of total bilirubin, cholesterol, and glucose) were studied in the sera of 256 patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. It was found that with diseases manifested in different clinical forms (cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholangiocholecystitis, cholangiohepatitis, cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis), most study indices are within the normal ranges, but significantly differ from the means in a group of apparently healthy individuals. The findings suggest that such clinical forms of opisthorchiais as cholangiocholecystitis and cholangiohepatitis are characterized by manifestations of cytolysis and cholestasis, as cholecystitis is manifested by cytolysis, as cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis, by cholestasis, and as cholangitis, by cholestasis and hepatic cell insufficiency. It is possible that further studies will provide evidence for how to correct detected disorders during pathogenetic therapy.

[The populational structure of peripheral lymphocytes in patients in the acute phase of opisthorchiasis]. / Populiatsionnaia struktura perifericheskikh limfotsitov u bol'nykh v ostruiu fazu opistorkhoza.

The lymphocytic populations of the immune system were studied in patients diagnosed as having acute opisthorchiasis before and 1-3 days after treatment with biltricide in a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. The acute phase of opisthorchiasis is characterized by the activation of B lymphocytes and immunological cellular reserve, by depressed T-lymphocytic population with a decreased helper inductor and suppressive killer potential. Three days after dehelminthization, there was a trend for immunoregulatory T cells to become normal. The high levels of B lymphocytes and zero cells were preserved.

[Changes in the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase and cholinesterase in the blood of patients with opisthorchiasis at different phases of the disease]. / Izmeneniia aktivnosti gamma-glutamiltransferzay i kholinésterazy v krovi bol'nykh opistorkhozom v razlichnykh fazakh zabolevaniia.

The plasma activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and cholinesterase (CE) was assayed in 79 patients with opisthorchiasis in its active and chronic periods, as well in different periods after anthelminthic therapy with biltricide and azinox. The mean values of CE activity did not significantly differ between the groups of the examinees. The probability of decreased CE synthesis in the residual period was significantly greater in the treatment of chronic than acute opisthorchiasis. The maximum activity of GGT was found in acute opisthorchiasis, its values were also significantly higher than the control ones and remained unchanged within a year after anthelminthic therapy. Possible causes of delayed normalization of enzymatic activity following the treatment of chronic versus acute opisthorchiasis are discussed in the paper.

[The myeloperoxidase of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a marker of the stage of Opisthorchis invasion and as an indicator of the efficacy of chemotherapy]. / Mieloperoksidaza polimorfno-iadernykh leikotsitov kak marker stadii opistorkhoznoi invazii i indikator éffektivnosti khimioterapii.

A total of 152 patients with Opisthorchis infection at the acute and chronic stage of the diseases, as well as 1-3 days and 1-2 months after therapy with biltricide in a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. Intracellular myeloperoxidase was spectrophotometrically determined. Its activity was demonstrated to be significantly varying at the different opisthorchiasis stage. At the acute stage there was a 6-fold increase in the activity of the enzyme as compared with that at the chronic stage. The therapy resulted in the drop of myeloperoxidase levels, at the same time the authors interpret the heterodirectional changes in the activity of myeloperoxidase in the early post-therapeutic period as a fact of individual anthelmintic intolerance the normalization of the parameter studied 1 month after the therapy only in 42.1% of the cases as a fact residual Opisthorchis antigen persistence.

[The first trial of treating opisthorchiasis with the Soviet preparation azinoks]. / Pervyi opyt lecheniia opistorkhoza otechestvennym preparatom azinoksom.

7 patients in the acute and 51 patients in the chronic stages of opisthorchiasis were treated with azynoks in daily dose 60 mg per kilo. The radical cure was achieved in 95.8 +/- 0.4% of cases. The wild side effects (headache, vertigo, nausea, fatigue) were registered in 51.7 +/- 9.1% of the cases, predominantly during the first hours of the treatment. The biochemical and immunological changes during the first 2 weeks after azynoks administration were analogues to those seen after biltricide and chloxyl (hexaparaxylol) treatment.