Association of IL16 polymorphisms with periodontitis in Brazilians: A case- control study.

Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory process resulting from the relationship of the immune response with the components in dental plaque. Cytokines and their genetic polymorphisms seem to be involved in the immunopathogenesis of this disease. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of IL16 polymorphism with PD. A case-control study was conducted in a sample of individuals from southern Brazil. The genotyping of IL16, rs11556218 T>G, rs4072111 C>T e rs4778889 T>C, was performed using the PCR-RFLP methodology. The serum level of IL-16 was determined using an IL-16 ELISA kit for humans. SNPStats and OpenEpi software and Wilcoxon's U test were used to perform statistical analysis. IL16 rs11556218 polymorphism was significantly associated to PD in nonsmoking patients: individuals with G/G genotype were less likely to develop PD compared to the T/T genotype (OR = 0.10; Pc = 0.019, codominant model). In addition, the TTT haplotype was associated with a high risk for PD (OR = 2.45; P = 0.01). A low IL-16 serum level was observed among individuals with PD when compared to controls (P = 0.027). Thus, the IL16 rs16556218 polymorphism and the serum levels of IL-16 were associated with periodontitis in a Brazilian sample, and this was influenced by environmental factors such as smoking.

Use of modified lip repositioning technique associated with esthetic crown lengthening for treatment of excessive gingival display: A case report of multiple etiologies.

Excessive gingival display during smile can result in compromised esthetics. This study aims to report a case of excessive gingival display with multiple etiologies treated by means of modified lip repositioning technique associated with esthetic crown lengthening. A 23-year-old female patient, with 5-mm gingival display during smile caused by altered passive eruption and hypermobility of the upper lip, underwent the modified lip repositioning technique associated with gingivectomy followed by flap elevation and ostectomy/osteoplasty. Seven months after the second procedure, the patient had her esthetic complaint solved appearing stable in the observation period. The modified lip repositioning technique is an effective procedure employed to reduce gingival display and when associated with esthetic clinical crown lengthening, can appropriately treat cases of gummy smile.

Desempenho clínico de laminados cerâmicos / Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers

A busca por um sorriso perfeito tem se tornado exigência comum na prática clínica, uma vez que um belo sorriso é fator importante para o bem-estar pessoal e social. Para o presente trabalho, foram confeccionados 63 laminados cerâmicos, sendo 34 em pacientes do sexo feminino e 06 do sexo masculino. Os laminados cerâmicos cimentado foram avaliados nos períodos inicial, seis e 12 meses, mediante doze critérios de performance clínica (USPHS). Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho clínico do laminado cerâmico, a fim de contribuir para a prática clínica de sua utilização.

The search for a perfect smile is becoming an increasing concern in daily practice, because a beautiful smile is an important factor for personal and social well-being. For this article, it was fabricated 63 porcelain laminate veneers (and 34 females and 6 males). The porcelain laminates were evaluated after cementation at the following periods: baseline, 6 and 12 months, using twelve criteria of clinical performance (USPHS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers, in order to encourage their use in routine clinical practice.

Estudo piloto sobre a previsibilidade de recobrimento radicular de recessões gengivais classe III de Miller / Pilot study about root coverage predictability in Miller'sclass III gingival recession

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o grau de recobrimento radicular de recessões classe III de Miller obtido após a realização de reposicionamento coronal do retalho associado a enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial.Vinte pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, cada um oferecendo uma recessão gengival. Esses indivíduos preencheram os seguintes critérios de inclusão:(a) recessões gengivais únicas ou múltiplas classificadas como classe III de Miller; (b) ausência de comprometimento sistêmico ou uso de medicamentos que os impedisse de sofrer qualquer intervenção cirúrgica; (c) ausência de sinais clínicos de inflamação gengival; (d) perda de inserção interproximal< 4mm; (e) ausência de lesão de cárie radicular. Imediatamente antes do procedimento de recobrimento radicular, o tamanho da recessão gengival foi avaliado com auxílio de uma sonda milimetrada. Um ano após o procedimento de recobrimento radicular, as áreas operadas foram reexaminadas. Os exames clínicos indicaram que havia ausência de supuração, sangramento gengival, sensibilidade e profundidade de sondagem >3mm. A altura média inicial da recessão era de 4mm e, ao final de um ano de acompanhamento, era de 1,2mm. A porcentagem média de recobrimento da distância da junção cemento-esmalte à margem gengival foi de 69% ao final do estudo. O retalho posicionado coronalmente associado ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo parece ser uma técnica adequada para recobrir parcialmente recessões gengivais classe III de Miller.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the root coverage outcomes of Miller's class III gingival recession defects achieved with a coronally positioned flap associated with subepithelial connective tissue graft. Twenty patients, each with one gigival recession, were included in thestudy. The inclusion criteria were (a) at least one Miller's class III gingival recession, (b) no systemic disease or use of medication that could disquality the possibility of surgical intervention, (c) absence ofgingival inflammation signals, (d) attachment loss < 4mm, (e) no root caries. Immediately before the root corage procedure the gingival recession height was evaluated with a periodontal probe. One year after the root coverage procedures the operated areas were re-evaluated. The clinical evaluation showed absence of suppuration, gingival bleeding, sensibility, and probing pocket depth > 3mm. The initial mean recession height was 4 mm and after one year it was 1,2 mm. The mean root coravage of the distance between the cementum-enamel junction and gingival margin was 69% at the end of the study. The coronally positioned flap associated with subepithelial connective tissue graft seems to be an adequate technique to partially cover Miller's class III gingival recession defects.

Coronally positioned flap for root coverage: poorer outcomes in smokers.

BACKGROUND: Gingival recession is significantly more common among smokers, while the relative outcome of various root coverage procedures in smokers, compared to non-smokers, is debatable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on the outcome of coronally positioned flap (CPF) in the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recession defects. METHODS: Ten current smokers (> or = 10 cigarettes daily for at least 5 years) and 10 non-smokers (never smokers), each with one 2- to 3-mm Miller Class I recession defect in an upper canine or bicuspid, were treated with CPF. At baseline and 6 months, clinical parameters, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession depth (RD), and apico-coronal width of keratinized tissue (KT) were determined. RESULTS: Intragroup analysis showed that CPF was able to reduce RD and improve CAL in both groups (P <0.05). Intergroup analysis demonstrated that smokers presented greater residual RD at 6 months and lower percentage of root coverage (69.3% versus 91.3%; P <0.05). No smokers obtained complete root coverage compared to 50% of non-smokers (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that CPF provides benefits for both smokers and non-smokers in terms of root coverage of shallow Miller Class I recession defects. However, cigarette smoking negatively impacts the clinical outcomes, specifically residual recession, percent root coverage, and frequency of complete root coverage.