Gut and Vaginal Microbiota in the Endometriosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Endometriosis is a clinical condition associated with genetic, endocrine, and immunological factors, present in 6 to 10% of women of reproductive age. Currently, the human microbiota has been studied and associated with the evolution of diseases due to its influence on pathogenesis, indicating that changes in the colonization of microorganisms in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems can promote physiological changes that can trigger inflammatory and immunological processes and hormonal dysregulation, which can be linked to endometriosis. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated microbiota changes in women with endometriosis. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched up to April 2022: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and gray literature (Google Scholar), using the keywords "dysbiosis", "microbiome" and "endometriosis", combined with their synonyms. The observational studies conducted with women diagnosed with endometriosis and women without endometriosis as controls were included. For the analyses, a standard mean difference with a 95% confidence interval was used using RevMan software (version 5.4), and for methodological quality assessment, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. Results: A total of 16 studies were found in the literature assessing the composition of the microbiota in women with endometriosis, and no significant difference were found for changes in alpha diversity analysis in gut microbiota (SMD = -0.28; 95% CI = -0.70 to 0.14; P = 0.19; I2 = 52%; four studies, 357 participants) or vaginal microbiota (SMD = -0.68; 95% CI = -1.72 to 0.35; P = 0.19; I2 = 66%; two studies, 49 participants). Conclusion: In intestinal and vaginal samples from women with endometriosis, alpha-diversity did not present a significant difference when compared to the control population. However, each study individually showed a possible relationship between the female microbiota and endometriosis. This trial is registered with CRD42021260972.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the accuracy of SARS-COV-2 IGM and IGG tests in individuals with COVID-19.

INTRODUCTION: Active SARS-CoV-2 infection is confirmed mainly through the detection of viral nucleic acid via the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Methods to assess humoral responses contribute to the monitoring of the disease and confirmation of exposure to the virus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of tests for IgM and IgG antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR and utility as complementary data for immunosurveillance. METHODS: Literature research was performed by searching the terms "COVID-19", "COVID-19 diagnostic testing" and "test" in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature to search for potentially eligible observational studies without language restrictions published up to September 2020. RESULTS: The pooled sensitivity and specificity, regardless of collection moment, was 80.0% (CI 95% 72.0-86.0) and 97.0% (CI 95% 94.0-98.0) for "IgM and/or IgG", respectively. Serology considering immunoglobulins M and G together had a high accuracy performance on "fifteenth day and after": sensitivity and specificity was 91.0% (CI 95% 85.0-94.0) and 98.0% (CI 95% 95.0-99.0) respectively, DOR 461 and AUC 0.98. CONCLUSION: This study shows that serology is a group of tests with high accuracy, mainly following the second week after infection.

A randomized clinical trial on the effects of remote intercessory prayer in the adverse outcomes of pregnancies / Ensaio clínico randomizado sobre os efeitos da oração intercessória nos desfechos adversos da gestação

The scope of this article was to investigate whether intercessory prayer (IP) influences the adverse outcomes of pregnancies. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 564 pregnant women attending a prenatal public health care service. The women were randomly assigned to an IP group or to a control group (n = 289 per group). They were simultaneously and randomly assigned to practice prayer off-site or not. The following parameters were evaluated: Apgar scores, type of delivery and birth weight. The mean age of the women was 25.1 years of age (± 7.4), and the average gestational age was 23.4 weeks (± 8.1). The average number of years of schooling for the women was 8.1 years (± 3.1). The women in the IP and control groups presented a similar number of adverse medical events with non-significant p. No significant differences were detected in the frequency of adverse outcomes in pregnant women who practiced IP and those in the control group.

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar se a oração intercessória influencia os desfechos adversos das mulheres grávidas. Foi realizado ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-cego com uma população de 564 gestantes que frequentavam Serviço de pré-natal de serviço público de saúde. As gestantes foram aleatoriamente designadas para grupo de intercessão ou grupo controle (n = 289 por grupo). Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: índice de Apgar, tipo de parto, peso ao nascer. A idade média das mulheres foi de 25,1 anos (±7,4) e a idade gestacional média foi de 23,4 semanas (± 8,1). A média de anos de escolaridade foi de 8,1 anos (± 3,1). As mulheres que receberam intervenção (Oração intercessória) e grupo controle exibiram um número similar de eventos adversos, com p não significativo. Não encontramos diferença significativa entre os desfechos adversos na gestação entre os grupos que receberam oração intercessória e no grupo controle.

A randomized clinical trial on the effects of remote intercessory prayer in the adverse outcomes of pregnancies.

The scope of this article was to investigate whether intercessory prayer (IP) influences the adverse outcomes of pregnancies. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 564 pregnant women attending a prenatal public health care service. The women were randomly assigned to an IP group or to a control group (n = 289 per group). They were simultaneously and randomly assigned to practice prayer off-site or not. The following parameters were evaluated: Apgar scores, type of delivery and birth weight. The mean age of the women was 25.1 years of age (± 7.4), and the average gestational age was 23.4 weeks (± 8.1). The average number of years of schooling for the women was 8.1 years (± 3.1). The women in the IP and control groups presented a similar number of adverse medical events with non-significant p. No significant differences were detected in the frequency of adverse outcomes in pregnant women who practiced IP and those in the control group.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in breast cancer: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in breast carcinoma and to explore the reasons for the ongoing controversies about this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was performed for papers published from January 1990 to January 2011. The medical subject heading terms were searched for the following: breast neoplasm, breast lesions, breast cancer, and HPV or human papillomavirus. Statistical analysis was performed using REVMAN 5.0. RESULTS: Twenty-nine primary studies, including 2211 samples, were analyzed. Overall, HPV prevalence in patients with breast cancer was 23.0% (95% CI, 21.2%-24.8%). The prevalence of HPV ranged from 13.4% (95% CI, 10.2%-16%) in Europe to 42.9% (95% CI, 36.4%-49.4%) in North America and Australia. The prevalence of HPV in controls was 12.9%. Combinations of 9 case-control studies showed that breast cancer was associated with HPV (odds ratio, 5.9; 95% CI, 3.26-10.67). CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence of HPV DNA in breast cancer. There is strong evidence to suggest that HPV has an important role in the development of breast cancer.

Association of interleukin-6 in women with persistence of DNA-HPV: a nested case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of Interleukin-6, IL-10 and their epidemiological association in women with persistence of DNA-HPV. DESIGN AND METHODS: A nested case-control study within a longitudinal cohort study. Cervical specimens and blood samples were collected at enrolment from asymptomatic women who looked for a service of public health in a district of Porto Alegre, Brazil. A logistic regression analysis was performed with 95% confidence intervals. The outcome was the persistence of DNA-HPV infection. RESULTS: The analysis showed that the age of the first intercourse below 20 years old (OR = 19.65, IC 95% 2.43-68.85), four or more sexual partners during lifetime (OR = 5.67, IC 95% 1.28-24.99), women with a previous altered Pap smear (OR = 10.17, IC 95% 1.80-57.33), marital status (OR = 12.94, IC 95% 2.43-68.85) and IL6 ≤ 3.106 pg/ml were associated with persistence of HPV infection. IL-10 were not associated with the HPV persistence. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that IL-6 levels may be a marker of HPV DNA persistence, although further investigation is necessary.

Razão de mortalidade materna na região sul do Brasil no período de 1996 a 2005 / Maternal mortality ratio in southern Brazil from 1996 to 2005

Objetivo: avaliar a mortalidade materna na região Sul do Brasil, do período de 1996 a 2005. Métodos: estudo ecológico descritivo, avaliando-se todas as mortes maternas de mulheres entre 10 e 49 anos no banco de dados do DATASUS. Resultados: a Razão de Mortalidade Materna foi de 59,48/100.000 nascidos vivos. A avaliação do banco de dados fornecido para o estudo evidenciou que 63% dos óbitos maternos ocorreram por causas diretas, sendo as etiologias mais frequentes as doenças hipertensivas, e hemorrágicas O puerpério foi o período menos frequente de mortes maternas sendo que a grande maioria dos casos ocorreram em ambiente hospitalar. Conclusão: esses resultados demonstram a deficiência da saúde pública e a necessidade de desenvolver-se programas que visem melhorar a qualidade da assistência médica durante a gestação, o parto e o puerpério além de criar estratégias eficazes pra se prevenir a morte materna, uma vez que a grande maioria desses óbitos são passíveis de prevenção.

Objective: to assess maternal mortality in Southern Brazil, the period from 1996 to 2005. Methods: an ecological descriptive study, assessing all the maternal deaths of women between 10 and 49 years in the database of DATASUS. Results: the Ratio of Maternal Mortality was 59.48 per 100,000 live births. The evaluation of the database provided for the study showed that 63% of maternal deaths occurred due to direct, and the most frequent etiologies hypertensive diseases, hemorrhagic and infectious period of puerperal respectively. The most common period in which the maternal deaths has occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or abortion and the vast majority of cases occurred in hospitals. Conclusion: these results demonstrate the deficiency of public health and the need to develop programs that improve the quality of medical care during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium and create effective strategies for preventing maternal deaths is because the large most of these deaths are likely to prevention.

Laparoscopic approach of a unicornuate uterus with noncommunicating rudimentary horns.

Background. Müllerian duct malformations delineate a miscellaneous group of congenital anomalies that result from arrested development, abnormal formation, or incomplete fusion of the mesonephric ducts. Case. This paper describes the diagnosis and management of a noncommunicating rudimentary horn complicated by severe pelvic pain and associated endometriosis. Conclusion. This condition was diagnosed by laparoscopy and hysteroscopy examination. Operative videolaparoscopy proved to be a successful approach for the treatment of this congenital Müllerian anomaly.

Accuracy of magnetic resonance in suspicious breast lesions: a systematic quantitative review and meta-analysis.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance (MR) is a promising emerging technique for evaluating breast lesions. A quantitative systematic review was performed to estimate the accuracy of breast MR in the diagnosis of high-risk breast lesions and breast cancer. A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was performed from January 1985 to August 2010. The medical subjects heading (MeSH) and text words for the terms "breast neoplasm", "breast lesions", "breast cancer" and "magnetic resonance" were combined with the MeSH term diagnosis ("sensitivity and specificity"). Studies that compared breast MR with paraffin-embedded sections parameters for the diagnosis of breast lesions (benign, high-risk borderline, and breast cancer) were included. Sixty-nine studies were analyzed, which included 9,298 women with 9,884 breast lesions. Interrater overall agreement between breast MR and paraffin section diagnosis was 79% (κ = 0.55), indicating moderate agreement. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 90% [95% CI 88-92%] and 75% [95% CI 70-79%], respectively. The pooled likelihood positive ratio was 3.64 (95% CI 3.0-4.2) and the negative ratio was 0.12 (95% CI 0.09-0.15). For breast cancer or high-risk lesions versus benign lesions, the AUC was 0.91 for breast MR and the point Q* was 0.84. In summary, breast MR is a useful pre-operative test for predicting the diagnosis of breast lesions.

Frequência de anormalidades nos exames de Papanicolaou em usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde em Criciúma - 2004

Introdução:O teste de Papanicolaou é consideradoaltamente sensível. Sua precisão em diagnosticar os casosverdadeiros de lesões cervicais pré-neoplásicas eneoplásicas tem sido descrita entre 75% a mais de 90%dos casos. Os resultados falso-negativos, mo entanto,são responsáveis por cerca de 10% dos casos de câncerinvasivo.Objetivo: Analisar freqüência das lesõesprecursoras de câncer cervical entre as citologiasoncóticas coletadas na rede pública de Criciúma, no anode 2004.Metodologia: Estudo tranversal descritivo, com umaamostra de 424 mulheres. O processo de amostragemfoi estratificado proporcional à faixa etária.Resultados: A idade média das mulheres da amostrafoi de 36,5 anos (±14,86 anos) e aproximadamente 40%delas não completou o ensino fundamental. 79% dasmulheres já havia realizado o exame de Papanicolaou,63% não utilizava anticoncepcional oral. Dos examesrealizados 60,5% apresentaram material satisfatório. Afreqüência de ASCUS ou mais foi de 3,8%.Conclusão: A frequência de alterações citológicasencontradas no presente estudo foi de 3,8%, em ordemdecrescente de acordo com a gravidade da lesão. Afreqüência do relato da realização de Papanicolaou préviofoi adequado conforme os 80% recomendados pelaOrganização Mundial de Saúde.

Introduction: the Pap test is considered highlysensitive. Its accuracy in diagnosing the cases of truepre-invasive cervical lesions and cancer has beenreported between 75% to over 90% of cases. The falsenegativeresults however, are responsible for about 10%of cases of invasive cancer.Objective: to analyze the frequency of the precursorslesions of the cervical cancer in Pap test between usersof Public Health in Criciúma in 2004.Methods: sectional study with 424 women. Thesampling was stratified proportionally to age.Results: the average age of the women in the samplewas 36.5 years old (±14.86 ). Approximately 40% ofthem studied in an Elementary school or below, 79% ofthe women realized Previous Pap test, 63% did not usethe Oral contraceptive. In Pap test 60.5% showedsatifactory material. The ASCUS or more frequency was3.8% (16/425).Conclusion: the frequency of citological alterationfound in this study was of 3.8%, in decreasing orderaccording to the lesion severity. The frequency of thePap test realization was appropriate acording to therecommend by the World Health Organization (80%).

[Human papillomavirus and cervical neoplasia]. / Papilomavírus humano e neoplasia cervical.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as an important etiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. This DNA virus primarily infects the epithelium and can induce benign and malignant lesions of the mucous membranes and skin. Some HPVs are considered high risk due to their role in malignant progression of cervical tumors. Genital HPV infections are common and usually transient among young sexually active women. Only a small fraction of infected women develop cervical cancer, implying the involvement of environmental and genetic cofactors in cervical carcinogenesis. Classification, virology, pathology, natural history, epidemiological features of genital HPV infection, and future prospects for cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccines will be reviewed here.

Papilomavírus humano e neoplasia cervical: [revisão] / Human papillomavirus and cervical neoplasia: [revision]

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as an important etiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. This DNA virus primarily infects the epithelium and can induce benign and malignant lesions of the mucous membranes and skin. Some HPVs are considered high risk due to their role in malignant progression of cervical tumors. Genital HPV infections are common and usually transient among young sexually active women. Only a small fraction of infected women develop cervical cancer, implying the involvement of environmental and genetic cofactors in cervical carcinogenesis. Classification, virology, pathology, natural history, epidemiological features of genital HPV infection, and future prospects for cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccines will be reviewed here.

O papilomavírus humano (HPV) é um fator etiológico bem estabelecido para o câncer cervical. Esse vírus de DNA infecta primariamente o epitélio e pode induzir lesões benignas ou malignas na pele e na mucosa. Alguns HPVs são considerados de alto risco, responsáveis pela progressão das lesões precursoras até câncer cervical. A infecção genital pelo HPV é comum em mulheres jovens e geralmente é transitória. Uma pequena proporção de mulheres infectadas desenvolve câncer cervical, implicando o envolvimento de fatores ambientais e fatores genéticos na carcinogênese. Essa revisão aborda a estrutura viral, classificação e patologia do HPV, história natural e fatores de risco para neoplasia cervical e perspectivas futuras com a vacina anti-HPV.

Cobertura do Teste de Papanicolaou em usuárias do SUS em Criciúma - Sul do Brasil / Pap test coverage smear in users of public health in Criciúma – South of Brazil

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da realização do teste de Papanicolaou, entre usuárias do SUS em Criciúma.Métodos: Estudo transversal com 420 mulheres entre 18 e 60 anos, usuárias do SUS de Criciúma-SC. Resultados: 356 (84,77%) da mulheres haviam realizado o exame Papanicolaou. . Das 420 mulheres entrevistadas, 69% tinham companheiro fixo; 50% não completaram o ensino fundamental; 78% utilizavam algum método anticoncepcional. A maioria das mulheres que já realizaram o exame preventivo, o fizeram por conta própria.Citam-se como fatores de risco entre aquelas que não realizaram o teste: mulheres solteiras, viúvas ou separadas(RP=2,98, IC 5%:1,88-4,73) e mulheres que usam DIU, preservativo masculino, tabela, laqueadura, coito interrompido, vasectomia, outros métodos ou nenhum (RP=1,79, IC 95%: 1,03-3,10). Conclusão: A situação marital estável e a utilização de anticoncepcional oral são fatores protetores para a realização do exame de Papanicolaou.

Objective: To establish the women prevalence submitted to a previous screening Pap smear in users ofpublic health in Criciúma-SC.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 420 women between 18 and 60 years old, users of public health in Criciúma-SC. Results: 64 women (15,23%) have not made Pap smear testing in the previous 3 years or they have never made it. From 420 interviewed women, 69% have a steadymarital status; 50% have not completed the basic education; 78% have taken some king of contraceptive method. The great part of women who have submit to a Pap smear, have made by them selves. The risk factors for non-realization of Pap test are: single, separated orwidowers women (RP=2.98, CI 95%: 1.88-4.73) and who IUD users, condoms, the ones who make their owncontrols, female sterilization, interrupted coitus, vasectomy, and other coitus-dependent contraceptives or none of them (RP=1.79, CI 95%:1.03-3.10).Conclusion: The stable marital situation and contraceptives methods use are protector factors to take Pap smear test.

A oração intercessória no alívio de doenças / Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health

A oração desde os primórdios tem sido amplamente utilizada para o alívio das doenças. Esta revisão foca especificamente a oração intercessória. Objetivo: revisar os efeitos da oração como uma intervenção adicional em pacientes com problemas de saúde já recebendo cuidados médicos básicos. Estratégias de busca: Foram pesquisados estudos tipo ensaios clínicos randomizados, revisões e metanálises na MEDLINE, Cochrane Library e gray literatura de 1987 até 2006. Resultados: 14 artigos relevantes, foram analisados. Conclusões: A limitação metodológica de alguns estudos dificultou conclusões sobre a eficácia da oração interecessória. Pelos presentes estudos não existe evidência científica da eficácia dessa intervenção, sendo necessários mais estudos em diferentes patologias e diferentes populações..

Prayer is an ancient and widly used intervention for alleviating illness. This review focus esspecifically on intercessory prayer.Objective: to review the effectiveness of prayer as an additional intervention for those with health problems already receiving standart medical care. Data Sources: Studies were identified by an eletronic search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and gray literature (1987-2006), randomised trials, review and meta-analysis. Results: a total of 14 trials were analyzed. Conclusions: The metodologic limitations of several studies make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the efficacy of intercessory prayer.The finding had not scientific evidence the efficacy this intervention. Future studies will need to investigate the efficacy of intercessory prayer in different illnesses and different subject populations...