Factors of food choice and nutritional intake of Brazilian older adults according sociodemographic and health characteristics.

The rapid demographic transition in developing countries has always posed a challenge for the social and economic policies of these nations. The increase in longevity poses new challenges for understanding dietary consumption among different age groups at the old age population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reasons for food choice and the composition of nutritional intake of older adults and its relationship to individual characteristics. Community-living older adults aged 60 and older were interviewed in their homes at the southeastern region of Brazil, between December 2021 and February 2022. The Food Choice Questionnaire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire were administered to obtain data on the reasons for food choice and nutritional intake. A structured interview was employed to gather information on individual characteristics. 168 older adults (mean age of 72.6 ± 8.9; 69.6% women) participated. The reasons for food choice differed significantly, with weight control being one of the least important and health being one of the most important. But older adults aged 80 and over valued the health criterion less than younger participants (60-69 years old). The intake of macronutrients and energy were below nutritional recommendations. Carbohydrate consumption was positively correlated with the mood motive. There was a relationship between the reasons for choosing food and/or the components of nutritional intake with: gender, age, living with a partner, self-report of depression/anxiety, self-perception of health and nutritional status anthropometric. The results are important to be considered in prevention policies and clinical-nutritional management, with special attention to the oldest-old.

Isolation and evaluation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) protein fractions. A nutritional and bio-functional approach to the globulin fraction.

This study evaluated the solubility profiles of quinoa grain proteins and applied a complete process for the isolation of its main protein fractions, namely: albumins, globulins, prolamins and glutelins, which corresponded to 26.96%, 41.3%, 1.7% and 23.16% of the total protein content, respectively. When these fractions were digested with pepsin followed by pancreatin, the degrees of hydrolysis achieved varied between 26.62% (for unheated globulin fraction) and 38.97% (for unheated glutelin), with casein reached 33.73% hydrolysis. After heating, the globulin hydrolysis degree increased to 34.7%, not significantly differing from casein. These results reflect its good susceptibility to hydrolysis by digestive enzymes, and this observation is reinforced with assays with pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin tested separately. Globulins, the largest protein fraction, showed promising results in additional assays regarding the amino acid profile, with limitation only for lysine in relation to the FAO standard, and the potential for releasing bioactive peptides after digestion. Although pepsin-digested globulin inhibited only 5% of ACE activity under the conditions tested, after 24h with the addition of pancreatin, the inhibition was 100%. Antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) also indicated very similar results, when hydrolysis with pepsin was inefficient in releasing antioxidant peptides, while hydrolysis by pancreatin led to 35 times greater results.

Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde de Mulheres com Câncer de Mama em Tratamento Radioterápico: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura / QualidaHealth-Related Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy: Integrative Literature Review / Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud de Mujeres con Cáncer de Mama Bajo Tratamiento con Radioterapia: Revisión Integrativa de la Literatura

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a principal causa de morte por câncer em mulheres no Brasil. A radioterapia é uma modalidade terapêutica frequentemente utilizada no tratamento do câncer de mama. Apesar de pouco invasiva, causa efeitos colaterais, interferindo na Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS). Objetivo: Investigar as evidências sobre a QVRS de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento radioterápico. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca dos estudos ocorreu no mês de agosto de 2020 nas bases eletrônicas de dados: CINAHL e MEDLINE (PubMed). Resultados: Os estudos analisados abordaram os efeitos colaterais do tratamento radioterápico e apresentaram evidências de práticas efetivas para amenizá-los e melhorar a QVRS. A amostra final foi constituída por 16 artigos, dos quais foram selecionadas três categorias que influenciavam a Qualidade de Vida: efeitos adversos da radioterapia (75%); terapias integrativas e complementares (19%); e atividade física (6%). Conclusão: Espera-se que a síntese dos estudos analisados forneça subsídios para a melhoria da prática clínica dos profissionais que prestam assistência às mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento radioterápico

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in Brazilian women. Radiotherapy is a therapeutic modality frequently used in the treatment of breast cancer. Although little invasive, it causes side effects, interfering in the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Objective: To investigate the evidence about the HRQoL of women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy treatment. Method: Integrative review of the literature. The search for studies took place in August 2020 in the electronic databases: CINAHL and MEDLINE (PubMed). Results: The studies analyzed addressed the side effects of radiotherapy treatment and presented evidence of effective practices to minimize them and improve the HRQoL. The final sample consisted of 16 articles, from which three categories which influenced the Quality of Life were selected: adverse effects of radiotherapy (75%), integrative and complementary therapies (19%) and physical activity (6%). Conclusion: It is expected that the synthesis of the studies analyzed are instrumental to improve the professionals' clinical practice who provide care for women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy

Introducción: El cáncer de mama es la principal causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres en Brasil. La radioterapia es una modalidad terapéutica de uso frecuente en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama, aunque poco invasiva, provoca efectos secundarios, interfiriendo en la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS). Objetivo: Investigar la evidencia sobre la CVRS de las mujeres con cáncer mama sometida a tratamiento de radioterapia. Método: Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura. La búsqueda de estudios se realizó en agosto de 2020 en las bases de datos electrónicas: CINAHL y MEDLINE (PubMed). Resultados: La muestra final estuvo conformada por 16 artículos, de los cuales se eligieron tres categorías que influyeron en la Calidad de Vida: efectos adversos de la radioterapia (75%); terapias integradoras y complementarias (19%); y actividad física (6%). Los estudios analizados abordaron los efectos secundarios del tratamiento con radioterapia y presentaron evidencia de prácticas efectivas para paliarlos y mejorar la CVRS. Conclusión: Se espera que la síntesis de los estudios analizados proporcione subsidios para mejorar la práctica clínica de profesionales que brindan asistencia a mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a radioterapia

Dor e sofrimento na doença crônica: reflexão a partir da "Morte de Ivan Ilitch" / Pain and suffering in chronic disease: reflection from the "Death of Ivan Ilitch" / Dolor y sufrimiento en la enfermedad crónica: reflexión a partir de la "Muerte de Ivan Ilitch"

Objetivo: refletir sobre a novela de Léon Tostói "A Morte de Ivan Ilitch" e as políticas de saúde atuais pertinentes ao processo de adoecimento do indivíduo. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo e reflexivo acerca da pertinência das políticas de saúde atuais no processo de saúde e doença do indivíduo, em contexto com a obra de Léon Tostói e a literatura atual, localizada por meio de busca eletrônica na Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs e no banco de dados Scielo. Resultados: o estudo conduziu ao encontro de normativas oriundas das leis atuais do Sistema Único de Saúde vigente embasadas na Universalidade, Equidade e Integralidade da Atenção à saúde, que poderiam influir no direcionamento da gestão do cuidado. Conclusão: a gestão do cuidado, através da política de saúde contemporânea, seria bem recebida por Ivan Ilitch, e os princípios da Universalidade, Integralidade e Equidade na assistência médica proporcionariam um atendimento adequado e humanizado.(AU)

Objective: to reflect on the romance by Leo Tolstoy "The Death of Ivan Ilyich" and current health policies relevant to the individual's disease process. Method: this is a descriptive and reflective study on the relevance of current health policies on health and the individual disease process in connection with the work of Leo Tolstoy and current literature, located through electronic search in PubMed/Medline, Lilacs and Scielo database. Results: the study was to meet regulatory arising from current laws of the current Health System based in the universality, equity and Completeness of Health Care, which could influence the direction of care management. Conclusion: care management, through contemporary health policy would be welcomed by Ivan Ilyich, and the principles of universality, integrality and equity in health care would provide an adequate and humane care.(AU)

Objetivo: reflexionar sobre la novela de Léon Tolstói "La Muerte de Ivan Ilich" y las políticas de salud actuales pertinentes al proceso de enfermarse del individuo. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo y reflexivo acerca de la pertinencia de las políticas de salud actuales en el proceso de salud y enfermedad del individuo, en contexto con la obra de Léon Tolstói y la literatura actual, localizada por medio de búsqueda electrónica en Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs y en el banco de datos Scielo. Resultados: el estudio fue AL encuentro de normativas de las leyes actuales del Sistema Único de Salud vigente basadas en la Universalidad, Equidad e Integralidad de la Atención a la salud, que podrían influir en el direccionamiento de la gestión del cuidado. Conclusión: la gestión del cuidado, a través de la política de salud contemporánea sería bien recibida por Ivan Ilich, y los principios de la Universalidad, Integralidad y Equidad en la asistencia médica proporcionarían un atendimiento adecuado y humanizado.(AU)

[Health policies for tobacco control in Latin America and the Caribbean: an integrative review]. / Políticas de saúde para o controle do tabagismo na América Latina e Caribe: uma revisão integrativa.

The habit of smoking is an increasing concern for governments, health authorities and society as a whole, as it is a legal drug, which is addictive and leads to serious damage to health. Cigarette smoking causes about 5.4 million deaths/year worldwide and is the second major risk factor for deaths. An attempt is made to identify how policies can contribute to the eradication of smoking in Latin America and the Caribbean. An integrative review was conducted at BIREME using LILACS, and 16 articles were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The articles were compared and grouped according to similarity of content and divided into 4 groups: smoke-free spaces, Framework-Convention, local Brazilian policies and others. Little data about smoking in Latin America and the Caribbean is available, mainly with respect to the evaluation of policies deployed. Policies for smoke-free spaces were emphasized (5 articles), as well as the Framework-Convention on tobacco control (4 articles) and articles that portray Brazilian policies for tackling smoking (3 articles).

A importância da política pública e da alternativa de mercado na transiçäo nutricional. O caso do "iogurte" de soja / The importance of the public policy and marketplace alternatives in the nutrition transition. The case of the soy yogurt

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar alguns constrangimentos para modificar o padräo de dieta e comportamento alimentar necessários à prevençäo dos efeitos deletérios da transiçäo nutricional. O aspecto aplicado do trabalho é a abordagem do estudo de caso do "leite" e "iogurte" de soja. Estes produtos foram enfocados como veículos do valor "saúde" na alimentaçäo e como base de programa alimentar. Foram obtidos indicativos de que programas alimentares baseados no "leite" e "iogurte" de soja podem obter importantes resultados sob critérios de custo/benefício. Por outro lado estes produtos podem ocupar um vantajosa posiçäo de mercado frente a outros produtos similares, devido à existência de condições...