RESUMO
The capability of memantine, a noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptors, to prevent impairments of cognitive functions in rats was investigated in the lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy. After status epilepticus, rats exhibited impaired exploratory behavior and spatial memory, and a decline of extinction of orienting behavior. Memantine administration prevented these disturbances. Thus, the blockade of the NMDA receptors immediately after status epilepticus allowed prevention of the development of the possible cognitive impairments.
Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva/prevenção & controle , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Memantina/administração & dosagem , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/antagonistas & inibidores , Estado Epiléptico/prevenção & controle , Estado Epiléptico/fisiopatologia , Animais , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Disfunção Cognitiva/induzido quimicamente , Comportamento Exploratório/efeitos dos fármacos , Extinção Psicológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Lítio , Masculino , Orientação/efeitos dos fármacos , Pilocarpina , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismo , Memória Espacial/efeitos dos fármacos , Estado Epiléptico/induzido quimicamente , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Cognitive impairment in six-week -old rats has been studied in the lithium-pilocarpine model of adolescent temporal lobe epilepsy in humans. The pilocarpine-treated rats (n =21) exhibited (a) a decreased exploratory activity in comparison with control rats (n = 20) in the open field (OP) test and (b) a slower extinction of exploratory behavior in repeated OP tests. The Morris Water Maze (MWM) test showed that the effect of training was less pronounced in the pilocarpine-treated rats, which demonstrated disruption of predominantly short-term memory. Therefore, our study has shown that lithium-pilocarpine seizures induce substantial changes in exploratory behavior and spatial memory in adolescent rats. OP and MWM tests can be used in the search of drugs reducing cognitive impairments associated with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/fisiopatologia , Comportamento Exploratório/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos da Memória/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Mentais/induzido quimicamente , Memória Espacial/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Animais , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Compostos de Lítio , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos da Memória/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Mentais/fisiopatologia , Pilocarpina , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The aim of this study was to discover the effects of chronic intraperitoneal administration of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) on rat investigative behavior and spatial memory. Rats were injected with a moderate pyrogenic dose of IL-1ß (0.5 mkg/kg) daily during 14 days (7 days before tests and 7 testing days). The behavior was examined in 23.5 hours after the previous injection of cytokine. The test battery included: "The open field" (within 3 consecutive days), "The exploration of novel objects", and "The Morris water maze". The animals treated with IL-1ß differed from the control animals in an essential decrease of locomotor activity, slight increase of anxiety and suppression of exploratory behavior. The impairment of spatial memory was not revealed.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Comportamento Exploratório/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-1beta/administração & dosagem , Memória Espacial/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ansiedade/fisiopatologia , Comportamento Exploratório/fisiologia , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/fisiologia , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Memória Espacial/fisiologiaRESUMO
Features of the existential organization of a bioelectric activity of a brain at posterity from rats with a lateral injury of the brain were investigated. The EEG analysis revealed in one month animals significantly increased the proportion of advanced and lagging decrease in the activity of the right frontal derivation towards the right occipital region. Change between structural ties in terms of the rats were correlated with the severity of behavioral disorders in the test "open field" (OF). The most significant change in the existential organization of a bioelectrical activity (the reduction of synchronous communications between the frontal derivations) recorded in rats with severe conduct disorder compared with animals of the same groups, in which the behavior was not significantly different from the norm. The violation of the behavior in the test OF was accompanied by a decrease in synchronous activity between the left frontal and right occipital region or the decline in the anticipatory activity in the right frontal region in relation to the right occipital region. By maintaining the integrity of the behavior of these parameters were increased in comparison with an intact control.