Assuntos
Psicoterapia de Grupo , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/terapia , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Objetivos , Humanos , Noruega , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Centros de Tratamento de Abuso de Substâncias , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/reabilitação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Integrated health promotion improves clinical outcomes after hospital treatment. The first step towards implementing evidence-based health promotion in hospitals is to estimate the need for health promoting activities directed at hospital patients. The aim of this study was to identify the distribution and association of individual health risk factors in a Norwegian hospital population and to estimate the need for health promotion in this population. METHODS: We used a validated documentation model (HPH-DATA Model) to identify the prevalence of patients with nutritional risk (measurements of waist and weight), self-reported physical inactivity, daily smoking and hazardous drinking. We used logistic regression to describe the associations between health risk factors and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Out of 10 included patients, 9 (N = 1522) had one or more health risk factors. In total 68% (N = 1026) were overweight, 44% (N = 660) at risk of under-nutrition, 38% (N = 574) physically inactive, 19% (N = 293) were daily smokers and 4% (N = 54) hazardous drinkers. We identified a new clinical relevant association between under-nutrition and smoking. The association between hazardous drinking and smoking was sustained. CONCLUSION: Nearly all patients included in this study had one or more health risk factors that could aggravate clinical outcomes. There is a significant need, and potential, for health-promoting interventions. Multi-factorial interventions may be frequently indicated and should be the subject of interventional studies.
Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde , Pacientes Internados , Avaliação das Necessidades , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Noruega , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosAssuntos
Etanol/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias/tratamento farmacológico , Delirium por Abstinência Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Delirium por Abstinência Alcoólica/prevenção & controle , Convulsões por Abstinência de Álcool/tratamento farmacológico , Convulsões por Abstinência de Álcool/prevenção & controle , Anticonvulsivantes/administração & dosagem , Benzodiazepinas/administração & dosagem , Carbamazepina/administração & dosagem , Diazepam/administração & dosagem , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Fatores de Risco , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias/complicaçõesAssuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/complicações , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/prevenção & controle , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/prevenção & controle , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/psicologia , Alcoolismo/complicações , Alcoolismo/prevenção & controle , Alcoolismo/psicologia , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Transtornos do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal/etiologia , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Sixty insomniacs, aged 60 years or over, fulfilling the DSM-IV criteria for primary insomnia, completed a set of questionnaires measuring psychological distress. These included the Sleep Impairment Index (SIM), the Symptom Check List 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) and the Elders Life Stress Inventory (ELSI). The insomniacs were compared on these measures with two contrast groups, one of elderly good sleepers and one an elderly community sample. As norms were developed for the SCL-90-R and PSWQ, insomniacs were also contrasted with the norm groups on these measures. In general, the results indicated a higher level of psychological distress among insomniacs than among the good sleepers, while there were negligible differences between insomniacs and the community sample on most measures. Overall, elderly insomniacs scored higher on measures of worry compared with the other groups, followed by measures of somatization, obsessive-compulsion and depression. It is concluded that excessive worrying was the most characteristic feature of elderly insomniacs.