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1.
Clin Cancer Res ; 2024 Jul 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39078728

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer (CC) is a viral-associated tumor caused by the infection with the human papilloma virus. CC is then an immunogenic cancer that expresses viral antigens. Despite being immunogenic, CC does not fully respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). LIF is a crucial cytokine in embryo implantation, involved in maternal tolerance that acts as an immunomodulatory factor in cancer. LIF is expressed in CC and high levels of LIF is associated with poor prognosis in CC. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of LIF on the immune response to ICI using primary plasmocytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and macrophage cultures, syngeneic animals and patient-derived models that recapitulate the human tumor microenvironment. RESULTS: We found that the viral proteins E6 and E7 induce the expression of LIF via the NFκB pathway. The secreted LIF can then repress type I interferon expressed in pDCs, and CXCL9 expressed in tumor associated macrophages. Blockade of LIF promotes the induction of type I interferon and CXCL9 inducing the tumor infiltration of CD8 T cell. This results in the sensitization of the tumor to ICI. Importantly, we observed that patients with CC expressing high levels of LIF tent to be resistant to ICI. CONCLUSION: Our data show that the HPV virus induces the expression of LIF to provide a selective advantage to the tumor cell by generating local immunosuppression via the repression of type I interferon and CXCL9. Combinatory treatment with blocking antibodies against LIF and ICI could be effective against CC expressing high levels of LIF.

2.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res ; 1871(3): 119658, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38216091

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that non-curative chemotherapy imposes fetal conversion and high metastatic capacity to cancer cells. From the set of genes differentially expressed in Chemotherapy Resistant Cells, we obtained a characteristic fetal intestinal cell signature that is present in a group of untreated tumors and is sufficient to predict patient prognosis. A feature of this fetal signature is the loss of CDX1. METHODS: We have analyzed transcriptomic data in public datasets and performed immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin embedded tumor samples from two cohorts of colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS: We demonstrated that low levels of CDX1 are sufficient to identify patients with poorest outcome at the early tumor stages II and III. Presence tumor areas that are negative for CDX1 staining in stage I cancers is associated with tumor relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal the actual possibility of incorporating CDX1 immunostaining as a valuable biomarker for CRC patients.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Transcriptoma , Imuno-Histoquímica , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética
4.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 17(3): 129-213, sept. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-443895

RESUMO

Los trastornos funcionales colorrectales tienen una alta incidencia en la población general, principalmente la constipación y la incontinencia, y aún hoy son un desafio diagnóstico y terapéutico. Se estima una incidencia del 2.2 al 15 por ciento para la incontinencia y del 20 al 80 por ciento para la constipación. Se los define generalmente por sus síntomas o por el hallazgo anormal de alguno de los estudios realizados (evaluación de la velocidad de tránsito, el test de expulsión del balón, la manometría anorrectal, la videodefecatografía, la ecografía anal 2D/3D, la resonancia dinámica magnética del piso pelviano y la evaluación neurofisiológica del piso pélvico). Los conceptos fisiopatológicos de los trastornos colorrectoanales continúan evolucionando con el mejor conocimiento brindado por nuevas tecnologías para el estudio de las estructuras anatómicas y su función. Estos han permitido reclasificar pacientes con trastornos idiopáticos o funcionales, como así también discernir si una alteración orgánica genera otra funcional o viceversa. En general los pacientes padecen varias alteraciones, estructurales y/o funcionales que pueden contribuir a la sintomatología, pero que individualmente pueden no ser suficientes para explicarla. La precisión diagnóstica permite implementar tratamientos adecuados, mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes y disminuye los costos en salud. Este relato aborda a la constipación e incontinencia, describe sus incidencias, etiologías y las opciones terapéuticas para cada caso. Se incluyen capítulos sobre anatomía y fisiología colorrectoanal y métodos de evaluación, biofeedback, ecografía 3D y resonancia magnética dinámica del piso pelviano.


Assuntos
Humanos , Constipação Intestinal/diagnóstico , Constipação Intestinal/epidemiologia , Constipação Intestinal/etiologia , Constipação Intestinal , Constipação Intestinal/terapia , Incontinência Fecal/classificação , Incontinência Fecal/diagnóstico , Incontinência Fecal/epidemiologia , Incontinência Fecal/etiologia , Incontinência Fecal/terapia , Biorretroalimentação Psicológica , Canal Anal/fisiopatologia , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Defecação/fisiologia , Intestino Grosso/anatomia & histologia , Intestino Grosso/fisiopatologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Manometria , Diafragma da Pelve , Ultrassonografia
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