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1.
Rev Med Suisse ; 20(866): 590-594, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38506460

RESUMO

The body image, defined as an individual's 'inner vision' of himself, stems from the combination of multiple factors. The body dissatisfaction, which represents its negative version, is associated with eating disorders, a sedentary lifestyle and weight gain. Several patients suffering from obesity consider weight loss as a strategy to work on their body image. Multiples studies confirm a positive association between weight loss and improved body images. Nevertheless, few elements seem to predispose to body dissatisfaction persistence, such as a history of strict diets, eating disorders or other psychopathologies. To treat body dissatisfaction, we need to focus our attention on self-esteem, a balanced lifestyle, and media education.


L'image corporelle, définie comme la « vision interne ¼ qu'une personne a d'elle-même, est multifactorielle. L'insatisfaction corporelle, qui représente sa version négative, est associée avec des troubles du comportement alimentaire, la sédentarité et la prise de poids. Certains patients visent une amélioration de leur image corporelle avec la perte pondérale. Si nombre d'études confirment une association bénéfique entre perte de poids et amélioration de l'image du corps, certains éléments, notamment les antécédents de régimes stricts et la présence de troubles alimentaires ou d'autres psychopathologies semblent prédisposer à la persistance de l'insatisfaction corporelle. La prise en charge de l'insatisfaction corporelle repose sur le renforcement de l'estime de soi, une hygiène de vie correcte et l'éducation aux médias.


Assuntos
Imagem Corporal , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Humanos , Autoimagem , Redução de Peso , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Dieta , Peso Corporal
2.
Rev Med Suisse ; 20(856-7): 76-79, 2024 Jan 17.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38231106

RESUMO

Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment to improve metabolic health as long as behavioural changes are made. Opting for this therapeutic choice represents a real commitment on the part of patients which is complementary to the informative bariatric surgery consultation. After all, what practitioner has not been confronted with an urgent request from patients suffering from obesity who are over-investing in this operation? Therapeutic Patient Education offers the opportunity to work with patients to develop their status as committed actors through a new outpatient educational program. Increased feelings of self-efficacy and socio-cognitive conflict are ingredients that allow patients to invest in long-term changes.


Pour perdre du poids en situation d'obésité, la chirurgie bariatrique est un traitement efficace améliorant la santé métabolique sous réserve de changements comportementaux. Opter pour ce choix thérapeutique représente un véritable travail sur l'engagement des patients qui s'inscrit en complément de la consultation informative de chirurgie bariatrique. En effet, quel praticien n'a-t-il pas été confronté à l'impasse d'une demande urgente par des patients en souffrance surinvestissant cette intervention ? L'éducation thérapeutique du patient offre l'opportunité de travailler avec les patients à leur statut d'acteur engagé au travers d'un nouveau programme éducatif ambulatoire. L'augmentation du sentiment d'auto-efficacité et le conflit sociocognitif sont des ingrédients qui permettent aux patients en réflexion d'investir les changements à long terme.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Obesidade , Humanos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Estado Nutricional , Redução de Peso , Pacientes Ambulatoriais
3.
Rev Med Suisse ; 19(819): 562-566, 2023 Mar 22.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36950786

RESUMO

Despite the weight and metabolic efficiency of bariatric surgery, nearly 35 % of operated patients regain weight due to insufficient behavioral changes. Collaborating with patient partners to co-construct an educational preparation program represents an opportunity to promote patient involvement adjusted to societal developments. This partnership starts with an exploration of the partners' needs and follows a progressive and tailored process that responds to the issues of place and power raised. It leads to the creation of a day of teaching, at the beginning of the course, aimed at informed consent and to a program, at the end of the course, focused on behavioral changes in their concrete dimension in support of a new and recognized health actor: the patient partner.


Malgré l'efficacité pondérale et métabolique de la chirurgie bariatrique, près de 35 % des patients opérés présentent une reprise pondérale liée à des changements comportementaux insuffisants. Collaborer avec des patients partenaires pour co-construire un programme éducatif de préparation représente une opportunité ajustée à l'évolution sociétale de favoriser l'implication des patients. Ce partenariat débute par l'exploration des besoins des partenaires et suit un processus progressif et sur mesure qui répond aux enjeux de place et de pouvoir soulevés. Il aboutit à la création d'une journée d'enseignement, en début de parcours, visant le consentement éclairé et à un programme, en fin de parcours, centré sur les changements comportementaux dans leur dimension concrète, à l'appui d'un nouvel acteur de santé reconnu : le patient partenaire.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Obesidade Mórbida , Humanos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia
4.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 9: 996528, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36760883

RESUMO

Background: Chronic disorders are highly prevalent and are a major contributor to death and disability worldwide. Evidence has shown that therapeutic patient education (TPE) interventions are effective in improving a range of biomedical and psychological outcomes for a variety of chronic disorders. This has been demonstrated in scores of randomized controlled and evidence-synthesis studies. However, no quantitative evidence has been published so far on the content and effective teaching strategies in TPE programs. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aim to bridge this gap by answering the who, what, and how of TPE programs. Methods: Using a pretested search strategy, we searched the Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the COCHRANE databases, from inception to August 2019. The search strategy was based on four comprehensive search concepts (patient education, chronic diseases, study design, and outcomes). After a careful screening for eligible studies, two reviewers extracted qualitative and quantitative data from the randomized controlled trials on the TPE interventions. We also developed a taxonomy of curriculum skills and intervention delivery techniques to aid the extraction of data in these domains. Results: We found that these interventions were effective in improving biological outcomes (SMD = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.38-0.57), adherence to the treatment regimen (SMD = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.46-1.002), knowledge (SMD = 1.22; 95% CI: 0.79-1.65), self-efficacy (SMD = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.30-0.56), and psychological health (SMD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.29). This effectiveness was consistent across different delivery formats (individual, group, and electronic) and delivery agents (non-specialists vs. specialists). Conclusion: The flexibility in the choice of mode of delivery and curriculum development gives stakeholders an opportunity to scale up TPE interventions in healthcare settings. Systematic review registration: Identifier: CRD42019141294.

5.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(687): 573-577, 2020 Mar 25.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32216179

RESUMO

Obesity is a chronic disease that requires a complex treatment. Establishing a balanced diet and regular physical activity is not always simple, especially in the long term. There are multiple factors (biological and psychological) favoring weight gain, often limiting the effectiveness of lifestyle approaches. Pharmacology offers us another therapeutic option with new molecules effective for weight loss. Bariatric surgery is also effective, but it is not without risks, especially if the patients have not been adequately prepared for this procedure. Furthermore, these approaches should always be proposed as complementary to lifestyle changes. This article summarizes the different treatments for obesity and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary management and proper patient education.


L'obésité est une maladie chronique dont le traitement est complexe. L'instauration d'un équilibre alimentaire et d'une activité physique régulière n'est pas toujours simple, surtout à long terme. Les facteurs favorisant la prise de poids sont multifactoriels (biologiques et psychologiques), limitant souvent l'efficacité des approches hygiéno-diététiques. La pharmacologie nous offre une autre piste thérapeutique avec de nouvelles molécules efficaces pour perdre du poids. La chirurgie bariatrique est efficace, mais elle n'est pas sans risques, surtout si les patients n'ont pas eu une préparation adéquate. Ces traitements doivent toujours être proposés en complément de modifications d'hygiène de vie. Cet article résume les différents traitements de l'obésité et souligne l'importance de la prise en charge multidisciplinaire et de l'éducation thérapeutique du patient.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Fármacos Antiobesidade/uso terapêutico , Cirurgia Bariátrica , Dieta Saudável , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Humanos , Obesidade/psicologia , Redução de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
6.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(687): 596-598, 2020 Mar 25.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32216184

RESUMO

The societal, political and institutional context is today favorable for the establishment of a partnership between patient and healthgivers. Despite the tangible benefits, the perception of partners ambivalent attitudes reinforces the importance of the construction for this collaboration. This article describes this collaborative approach born out of the transformation of a bariatric surgery preparation educational program. In this context, the implementation strategy is the founding stage to explore the needs of partners. This highlights the need to secure the healthgivers regarding power issues, as well as to question the skills required for patient partners. The definition of the partnership model by the partners provides answers.


Le contexte sociétal, politique et institutionnel est aujourd'hui favorable à la mise en place d'un partenariat entre patients et soignants. Malgré des bénéfices tangibles, la perception d'une ambivalence des partenaires renforce l'importance de la construction de cette collaboration. Cet article décrit cette démarche collaborative, née dans le contexte de la transformation d'un programme éducatif de préparation à la chirurgie bariatrique. Dans la stratégie d'implémentation, l'exploration contextuelle des besoins des partenaires constitue l'étape fondatrice. Elle met en lumière un besoin de sécurisation des soignants quant à des enjeux de pouvoir, et questionne sur les compétences requises des patients partenaires. La définition du modèle de partenariat par les partenaires apporte des réponses.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica/educação , Comportamento Cooperativo , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Relações Médico-Paciente , Humanos
7.
Rev Med Suisse ; 15(643): 636-639, 2019 Mar 20.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30892843

RESUMO

The potential of information and communication technologies has quickly been identified for health and in particular to promote weight loss. Several types of technologies exist with varying degrees of efficiency. These include programs on the Internet, using text messages, smartphone applications or portable devices. All these technologies are based on a set of weight loss strategies known to be effective, such as self-monitoring, feedback and social support. Despite promising results, several important limitations must be addressed such as the quality of the information being disseminated, the risk of promoting eating disorders, the place of these tools in patient follow-up, as well as data confidentiality issues.


Le potentiel des technologies de l'information et de la communication a rapidement été identifié dans le domaine de la santé et en particulier dans la promotion de la perte de poids. Des programmes sur internet, l'utilisation de SMS, des applications sur smartphone ou encore des appareils portables connectés existent, avec des degrés variables d'efficacité. Toutes ces technologies reposent sur un ensemble de stratégies connues pour faciliter la perte de poids telles que l'autosurveillance, le feedback et le soutien social. Malgré des résultats prometteurs, plusieurs questions se posent, sur le plan de la fiabilité de ces outils, la qualité des messages diffusés, le risque de favoriser des troubles du comportement alimentaire, la place de ces outils dans le suivi ou encore les problèmes de confidentialité des données.


Assuntos
Internet , Aplicativos Móveis , Smartphone , Envio de Mensagens de Texto , Redução de Peso , Comunicação , Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor , Humanos
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