A prospective study to determine the risk factors associated with post traumatic seizures: A single institution experience.

Background: Post traumatic seizures (PTS) are a known sequel of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Incidence of PTS is dependent on many factors including study design and characteristics of the study population. As incidence of TBI increases and death due to TBI decreases, more individuals will be at risk of developing and living with chronic complications. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency and risk factors for PTS following TBI. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on patients admitted with TBI from April 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020, to determine the frequency, time to event, and risk factors for PTS following TBI. We classified the severity of head injury using a standard criterion, into mild, moderate and severe injury. Follow-up of 3 months was undertaken for all patients. Variables include age, sex, trauma severity, Glasgow coma scale, onset of PTS, and neuroradiological finding. Results: We enrolled 450 post traumatic subjects, out of which 36 (8%) developed seizures. Of the total of 36 patients detected to have hemorrhagic contusion on computerized tomography scan, 12 patients developed seizures. We found that the independent risk factors associated with occurrence of PTS were frontal- temporal lobar contusion and severity of head injury. All these findings were statistically significant. Conclusion: We found that the independent risk factors associated with occurrence of PTS were frontal-temporal lobar contusion and severity of head injury. Type of management (Operative vs. Non operative) does not affect the outcome of PTS.

Mini-implant-supported sliding jig.

Maximum anchorage situations require appropriate anchorage control from the very beginning. This includes control of anchorage in the anteroposterior as well as vertical directions. The requirement is more critical in patients with vertical growth patterns. Loss of anchorage in such situations requires recovery mechanics that will not tax the anchor teeth in any direction while maximizing efficiency. This article describes the use of a mini-implant-supported sliding jig in one such case where unilateral anchor loss in the maxillary arch was observed. A modified sliding jig was supported with Class II elastics stretched from a mini-implant placed in the mandible. With little patient compliance, the mini-implant was used to distalize the maxillary molar to regain the lost space and achieve ideal results in the most efficient way.