Prevention of skin tears: intrinsic and extrinsic factors.

Skin tears are traumatic wounds caused by mechanical forces, which can be caused by the removal of adhesive dressing. Although they are common - especially in individuals with vulnerable skin, such as older people - their prevalence is underestimated, they are often misdiagnosed and they have a high risk of developing into complex, chronic wounds. However, skin tears are largely preventable. There are a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors relating to skin tears and preventive strategies that may be undertaken. Health professionals, patients and caregivers/family members should aim to manage modifiable intrinsic and extrinsic factors to promote and maintain skin integrity to prevent skin tears. Where a skin tear does occur, an evidence-based approach should be taken to management, with referral to specialist care if necessary.

The what, who, why and how of skin tears in the community and care homes.

Skin tears frequently occur following a simple trauma, but can become chronic and complex wounds if inappropriately assessed and managed, particularly if on the lower leg. It is important for health professionals, patients and carers to understand the principles of prevention and the importance of fundamental skin care. Identifying those at risk can help with the development of a specific preventive approach. This article offers a brief overview of the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP) best practice recommendations for holistic strategies to promote and maintain skin integrity.