C-reactive protein trajectory to predict colorectal anastomotic leak: PREDICT Study.

BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak is a common complication after colorectal surgery, associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and poorer long-term survival after oncological resections. Early diagnosis improves short-term outcomes, and may translate into reduced cancer recurrence. Multiple studies have attempted to identify biomarkers to enable earlier diagnosis of anastomotic leak. One study demonstrated that the trajectory of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was highly predictive of anastomotic leak requiring intervention, with an area under the curve of 0·961. The aim of the present study was to validate this finding externally. METHODS: This was a prospective international multicentre observational study of adults undergoing elective colorectal resection with an anastomosis. CRP levels were measured before operation and for 5 days afterwards, or until day of discharge if earlier than this. The primary outcome was anastomotic leak requiring operative or radiological intervention. RESULTS: Between March 2017 and July 2018, 933 patients were recruited from 20 hospitals across Australia, New Zealand, England and Scotland. Some 833 patients had complete CRP data and were included in the primary analysis, of whom 41 (4·9 per cent) developed an anastomotic leak. A change in CRP level exceeding 50 mg/l between any two postoperative days had a sensitivity of 0·85 for detecting a leak, and a high negative predictive value of 0·99 for ruling it out. A change in CRP concentration of more than 50 mg/l between either days 3 and 4 or days 4 and 5 after surgery had a high specificity of 0·96-0·97, with positive likelihood ratios of 4·99-6·44 for a leak requiring intervention. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the value of CRP trajectory in accurately ruling out an anastomotic leak after colorectal resection.

ANTECEDENTES: La fuga anastomótica es una complicación frecuente después de la cirugía colorrectal que se asocia con morbilidad y mortalidad, con una peor supervivencia a largo plazo tras resecciones oncológicas. El diagnóstico precoz mejora los resultados a corto plazo y puede traducirse en una reducción de la recidiva del cáncer. Múltiples estudios han tratado de identificar biomarcadores para lograr un diagnóstico precoz de la fuga anastomótica. Un estudio demostró que la evolución de la proteína C reactiva (PCR) era altamente predictiva de una fuga anastomótica que requería intervención, con un área bajo la curva de 0,961. Nuestro estudio tuvo como objetivo validar externamente este hallazgo. MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo un estudio internacional prospectivo observacional y multicéntrico de pacientes adultos sometidos a resección colorrectal electiva con anastomosis. Los niveles de PCR se midieron antes de la operación y diariamente hasta el día 5 después de la cirugía, o hasta el día del alta si fue anterior. El criterio de valoración principal fue la fuga anastomótica que requirió intervención quirúrgica o radiológica. RESULTADOS: Entre marzo de 2017 y julio de 2018, se reclutaron 933 pacientes de 20 hospitales de Australia, Nueva Zelanda, Inglaterra y Escocia. Se obtuvieron datos completos de PCR en 833 pacientes y se incluyeron en el análisis primario, de los cuales 41 (4,9%) presentaron una fuga anastomótica. Un aumento de la PCR > 50 mg/L entre dos días del postoperatorio fue sensible para detectar una fuga (0,85) y tuvo un alto valor predictivo negativo para descartarla (0,99). El porcentaje de cambio de PCR > 50 mg/L por día entre los días 3-4 o 4-5 después de la operación fue altamente específico (0,96) con un cociente de probabilidad positivo > 5,0 para las fugas que requirieron una intervención. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio confirma la utilidad de la evolución de la PCR para descartar con precisión una fuga anastomótica después de una resección colorrectal.

The LAPLAP study: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial assessing postoperative functional recovery using intraperitoneal local anaesthetic in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

AIM: Postoperative pain remains a major factor in recovery from colorectal resection. There is increasing interest in opioid-sparing analgesia, and intraperitoneal local anaesthetic (IPLA) has recently been shown to be useful in minor laparoscopic and open colorectal procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of IPLA on functional recovery following major laparoscopic surgery. In this controlled trial, mobility, as measured by the De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI), was used as a surrogate for postoperative functional recovery. METHOD: Patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection were randomized either to continuous ropivacaine (0.2% at 4-6 ml/h) or to saline (0.9%) which were administered via intraperitoneal catheter for 3 days postoperatively. Results were analysed in a double-blind manner. DEMMIs were assessed on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 30, and data on pain, opioid consumption, gut and respiratory function, length of stay (LOS) and complications were recorded. RESULTS: Ninety-six patients were recruited. There was no difference in primary outcome (i.e., functional recovery) between IPLA and placebo groups. Opioid consumption and LOS were similar between groups, and no differences were found for any secondary outcome measure. There were no adverse events related to ropivacaine. CONCLUSION: Infusional intraperitoneal local anaesthetic appears to be safe but does not improve functional recovery or analgesic consumption following elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery, in the setting of an established enhanced recovery programme.