RESUMO
In order to provide a theoretical basis on how germination treatment modulated the pasting behaviors of starches from native and germinated waxy brown rice, impacts of germination on the molecular and supramolecular structures and pasting behaviors were evaluated. Multiple analytical methods such as thermodynamics and spectroscopy were applied in this work for investigating the changes in starch multiscale structure and pasting behaviors. The results show that germination treatment contributed to an obvious increase in α- and ß-amylase activities, which could degrade the starch chains and reduce the contents of double helices (50.9%-43.2%), short-range ordered degree (1.054-0.908), relative crystallinity (40.1%-30.5%), and lamellar ordering degree (dc, 6.09-5.46 nm) along with apparent erosion on starch granules. These structural amorphizations at the molecular and supramolecular levels could lead to the weakened entanglements and interactions among molecular chains, eventually reducing the characteristic viscosity (e.g., overall, peak, and final viscosity) of starch. This study may facilitate better development of germinated rice-based products.
Assuntos
Oryza/química , Amido/química , Amilopectina/química , Varredura Diferencial de Calorimetria/métodos , Germinação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodos , Estrutura Molecular , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Temperatura , Termodinâmica , Viscosidade , Ceras/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the n-BuOH fraction of 95% ethanolic extract of leaves of Neoalsomitra integrifoliola. METHOD: The compounds were isolated with kinds of column chromatography. The structures were determined by MS and NMR spectroscopic techniques. RESULT: Eight compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of 95% ethanolic extract and their structures were identified as 2-phenylethyl rutinoside (1), rutin (2), kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), isorhamnetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), methyl chlorogenate (5), guanosine (6), adenosine (7), myo-inositol (8), respectively. CONCLUSION: All compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time.
Assuntos
Cucurbitaceae/química , Compostos Orgânicos/análise , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Compostos Orgânicos/química , Compostos Orgânicos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Three new dimeric prenylated C6-C3 compounds, namely, illicidiones A (1), B (2), and C (3), were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium oligandrum. The structure and absolute configuration of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic and chemical analyses, including NMR, modified Mosher method, and single-crystal X-ray study. Compounds 1-3 exhibited weak anti-inflammatory activities.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/isolamento & purificação , Illicium/química , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/sangue , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Glucuronidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Glicosídeos/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Casca de Planta/química , Caules de Planta/química , Fator de Ativação de Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , RhamnusRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Capparis tenera. METHOD: The chemical constituents were isolated and repeatedly purified by kinds of column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by the NMR spectra and physicochemical properties. RESULT: Eight compounds were isolated and identified as erigeside C (1), glucosuringic acid (2), vanillic acid 4-O-beta-D-glucoside (3-methoxy 4-glucosyl-benzoic acid) (3), 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate (4), 3', 5'-dimethoxy- 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-cinnamic acid (5), tachioside (6), 2, 3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyl-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone (7) and acacetin 7-rutinoside (8). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-8 were all isolated from this plant for the first time and the compound 8 was isolated from this gene for the first time.
Assuntos
Capparis/química , Raízes de Plantas/química , Água/química , Cromatografia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Glicosídeos/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , SolubilidadeRESUMO
Five new lignan glycosides, (8R*,7' S*,8' R*)-5,5'-dimethoxy-7-oxolariciresinol 9'-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (1), (7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), (7S*,8R*,7' S*,8' R*)-4,4'-dimethoxyhuazhongilexin 9-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (4), (7S*,8R*,7' S*,8' R*)-4,4'-dimethoxyhuazhongilexin 9-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (5), and (7S*,8R*,7' S*,8' R*)-huazhongilexin 9-O-(2-feruloyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside (6), together with four known compounds, (7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), the 9-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside of icariol A(2) (7), huazhongilexin (8), and nudiposide (9), were isolated from the leaves of Neoalsomitra integrifoliola. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. Compounds 2, 3, 8, and 9 showed weak anti-inflammatory activities.
Assuntos
Cucurbitaceae/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Lignanas/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Glicosídeos/química , Glicosídeos/farmacologia , Lignanas/química , Lignanas/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Folhas de Planta/químicaRESUMO
Two new lignan glucosides, compounds 2 and 3, two new 1H-indole-alkaloid glucosides, 5 and 6, as well as two new phenolic glucosides, 7 and 10, were isolated from the roots of Capparis tenera, together with five known compounds. Their structures were characterized by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Most of these isolates were obtained for the first time from Capparidaceae. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the new compounds were investigated.
Assuntos
Capparis/química , Glucosídeos/química , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Raízes de Plantas/química , Dicroísmo Circular , DNA/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Titulometria , ViscosidadeRESUMO
Phytochemical investigations of the fruits of Illicium oligandrum resulted in a new sesquiterpene lactone, 3 beta-benzoyloxy-10-deoxyfloridanolide (1), and three new neolignan glycosides, including two dihydrobenzofuran neolignan glycosides, (7 R,8 S)-9-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-9'-O-alpha- L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyldihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (2) and (7 R,8 S)-9-O-shikimoyl-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyldihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (3) and one 8- O-4' neolignan glycoside, (7 S,8 R)-1-[4-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol (4), together with three known sesquiterpene lactones (5 - 7) and two known neolignan glycosides (8 and 9). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR, HR-MS and chemical evidence. Compounds 3 and 4 showed moderate antioxidant activity with the inhibitory rates 13.30% and 9.30% at 1.0 x 10(-5) M, respectively. Compounds 3 and 9 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with the inhibitory rates 67.0% and 51.0% at 1.0 x 10(-5) M, respectively.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Glicosídeos/farmacologia , Illicium/química , Lactonas/farmacologia , Lignanas/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Células Cultivadas , Fracionamento Químico , Cromatografia , Frutas/química , Glicosídeos/química , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/química , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Lignanas/química , Lignanas/isolamento & purificação , Camundongos , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
AIM: To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Angelica sinensis. METHODS: Silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analysis (IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR, etc.). RESULTS: Besides three known phthalide derivatives, one new dimeric phthalide derivative and a pair of epimer were isolated and their structures were identified as Z-3',8',3'a,7'a-tetrahydro-6,3',7,7'a-diligustilide-8'-one (1), Z,Z'-6,6',7,3'a-diligustilide (2) and the 8-epimer (3) of 2 on the basis of spectral data. CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new dimeric phthalide derivative, and compound 3 was first reported from radix Angelica