RESUMO
We describe a case of invasive fungal infection caused by Volvariella volvacea following double umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Although infections caused by several mushroom species have been documented, we believe this to be the first published report of invasive infection with Volvariella volvacea, an edible mushroom belonging to Agaricales.
Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical/efeitos adversos , Micoses/diagnóstico , Volvariella/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Biópsia , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/patologia , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Genes de RNAr , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Microscopia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Micoses/microbiologia , RNA Ribossômico 5,8S/genética , Radiografia Torácica , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
A recent report on several cases of invasive aspergillosis caused by Neosartorya udagawae suggested distinctive patterns of disease progression between N. udagawae and Aspergillus fumigatus. This prompted us to characterize N. udagawae in comparison to A. fumigatus. Our findings showed that both species exist in two mating types at similar ratios and produce gliotoxin. However, the thermotolerance of the two species differs: while A. fumigatus is able to grow at 55 degrees C but not at 10 degrees C, N. udagawae is able to grow at 10 degrees C but fails to grow at >42 degrees C. Furthermore, compared to A. fumigatus, the conidia of N. udagawae require longer incubation periods to germinate at 37 degrees C and are more susceptible to neutrophil attack as well as hydrogen peroxide; N. udagawae is also less virulent in gp91(phox-/-) mice. These findings suggest that growth and susceptibility to the host response might account for the reduced virulence of N. udagawae and the subtle distinction in the progression of the disease caused by the two species.
Assuntos
Aspergilose/epidemiologia , Aspergilose/microbiologia , Aspergillus fumigatus/fisiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/microbiologia , Neosartorya/fisiologia , Animais , Aspergillus fumigatus/efeitos dos fármacos , Aspergillus fumigatus/patogenicidade , Aspergillus fumigatus/efeitos da radiação , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Temperatura Alta , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Camundongos , Neosartorya/efeitos dos fármacos , Neosartorya/patogenicidade , Neosartorya/efeitos da radiação , VirulênciaRESUMO
Cell cultures of Mandevilla velutina have proved to be an interesting production system for biomass and secondary metabolites able to inhibit the hypotensive activity of bradykinin, a nonapeptide generated in plasma during tissue trauma. The crude ethyl acetate extract of cultured cells contains about 31- to 79-fold more potent anti-bradykinin compounds (e.g., velutinol A) than that obtained with equivalent extracts of tubers. Somaclonal variation may be an explanation for the wide range of inhibitor activity found in the cell cultures. The heterogeneity concerning morphology, differentiation, carbon dissimilation, and velutinol A production in M. velutina cell cultures is reported. Cell cultures showed an asynchronous growth and cells in distinct developmental stages. Meristematic cells were found as the major type, with several morphological variations. Cell aggregates consisting only of meristematic cells, differentiated cells containing specialized cell structures such as functional chloroplasts (cytodifferentiation) and cells with embryogenetic characteristics were observed. The time course for sucrose metabolism indicated cell populations with significant differences in growth and metabolic rates, with the highest biomass-producing cell line showing a cell cycle 60% shorter and a metabolic rate 33.6% higher than the control (F2 cell population). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis of velutinol A in selected cell lines demonstrated the existence of velutinol A producing and nonproducing somaclones. These results point to a high genetic heterogeneity in general and also in terms of secondary metabolite content.
Assuntos
Variação Genética/genética , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Medicinais/genética , Bradicinina/antagonistas & inibidores , Brasil , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/métodos , Linhagem Celular , Cromatografia , Meristema/citologia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Fenótipo , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Plantas Medicinais/citologia , Plantas Medicinais/metabolismo , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Sacarose/metabolismoRESUMO
Cell cultures of Mandevilla velutina have proved to be an interesting production system for biomass and secondary metabolites able to inhibit the hypotensive activity of bradykinin, a nonapeptide generated in plasma during tissue trauma. The crude ethyl acetate extract of cultured cells contains about 31- to 79-fold more potent anti-bradykinin compounds (e.g., velutinol A) than that obtained with equivalent extracts of tubers. Somaclonal variation may be an explanation for the wide range of inhibitor activity found in the cell cultures. The heterogeneity concerning morphology, differentiation, carbon dissimilation, and velutinol A production in M. velutina cell cultures is reported. Cell cultures showed an asynchronous growth and cells in distinct developmental stages. Meristematic cells were found as the major type, with several morphological variations. Cell aggregates consisting only of meristematic cells, differentiated cells containing specialized cell structures such as functional chloroplasts (cytodifferentiation) and cells with embryogenetic characteristics were observed. The time course for sucrose metabolism indicated cell populations with significant differences in growth and metabolic rates, with the highest biomass-producing cell line showing a cell cycle 60 percent shorter and a metabolic rate 33.6 percent higher than the control (F2 cell population). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis of velutinol A in selected cell lines demonstrated the existence of velutinol A producing and nonproducing somaclones. These results point to a high genetic heterogeneity in general and also in terms of secondary metabolite content