TROPHY registry - status report.

INTRODUCTION: The TROPHY registry has been established to conduct an international multicenter prospective data collection on the surgical management of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)-related hydrocephalus to possibly contribute to future guidelines. The registry allows comparing the techniques established to treat hydrocephalus, such as external ventricular drainage (EVD), ventricular access device (VAD), ventricular subgaleal shunt (VSGS), and neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL). This first status report of the registry presents the results of the standard of care survey of participating centers assessed upon online registration. METHODS: On the standard of treatment forms, each center indicated the institutional protocol of interventions performed for neonatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (nPHH) for a time period of 2 years (Y1 and Y2) before starting the active participation in the registry. In addition, the amount of patients enrolled so far and allocated to a treatment approach are reported. RESULTS: According to the standard of treatment forms completed by 56 registered centers, fewer EVDs (Y1 55% Y2 46%) were used while more centers have implemented NEL (Y1 39%; Y2 52%) to treat nPHH. VAD (Y1 66%; Y2 66%) and VSGS (Y1 42%; Y2 41%) were used at a consistent rate during the 2 years. The majority of the centers used at least two different techniques to treat nPHH (43%), while 27% used only one technique, 21% used three, and 7% used even four different techniques. Patient data of 110 infants treated surgically between 9/2018 and 2/2021 (13% EVD, 15% VAD, 30% VSGS, and 43% NEL) were contributed by 29 centers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the varying strategies used for the treatment of nPHH. The international TROPHY registry has entered into a phase of growing patient recruitment. Further evaluation will be performed and published according to the registry protocol.

[Planning and organization of allo-grafting performed on the soldier's face].

Planning and organisation of allo-grafting performed on the soldier's face. According to the experience of military conflicts facial trauma with the Ioss of person's social function occurs in 4,5-5% of patients with such injury. In most cases, these injuries can be fixed with the help of reconstructive plastic surgery using their own tissue. However, some of the wounded to various reasons the use of autologous tissue is not possible or does not allow adequately restoring the appearance and function of the person. In such cases the only way is a donor allograft. There are just over 3 dozens of such successful operations, which indicates of their uniqueness and complexity. In May 2015 at the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy for the first time in our country made a successful transplantation of a difficult graft to a conscript, who was injured during the duty. The article presents the basic directions of the planning and organization of this unique operation.

[DIRECT REVASCULIZATION OF THE MYOCARDIUM FROM LEFT-SIDE MINITHORACOTOMY - MODERN PERFORMANCE OF THE OPERATION NAMED AFTER V.I. KOLESOV].

The article provides the results of minimally invasive direct revasculization of myocardium at the period from 2012 to 2014. Given method was used in 49 interventions. There weren't any lethal cases or myocardial infarctions. A mean hospital stay consisted of 8,6±2,7. Computer thomographic coronary bypass angiography was carried out after operation in terms of 6-48 months. The occlusion of mammary coronary shunt was revealed in 3 patients with minimally invasive revasculization of the myocardium in terms up to 48 months. There were noted a decrease' of hospital stay, bleeding during surgery and in early postoperative period, duration of artificial pulmonary ventilation, length of stay in intensive care unit for this group of patients.

Optical beam distortions induced by a shock wave.

The mean intensity and the displacement from the initially given propagation direction of the optical beam passed through the shock wave have been calculated. It has been shown that the spatial inhomogeneity of the refractive index of air caused by the shock wave arising in supersonic flow flowing a conical body can cause the focusing of the beam and strong anisotropic distortions of the intensity distribution in its cross section. The angular displacement of the optical beam from the initially given propagation direction owing to the shock wave depends only on the height above the Earth's surface at which the shock wave is formed. As the height increases, the influence of the shock wave on the optical beam propagating through it decreases.

[Experience of left ventricular assist device "Incor" as "bridge to recovery" implantation in patients with end stage congestive heart failure].

Left ventricular assist device "Incor" ("Berlinhear", Germany) implantation experience in patient with ischemic cardiomiopathy and severe congestive heart failure is presented. Left ventricular assist device implantation was followed by coronary artery bypass grafting simultaneously. Total assist time was 211 days. Complications developed during assisting time are shown. After Left ventricular assist device explantation three chamber pacemaker was implanted as cardiac resynchronization therapy. Left ventricular end diastolic size decreased (from 78 to 70 mm), ejection fraction increased (from 19 to 35%) during assist time.

[The medical social and psychological issues of women with mastopathy].

The study revealed that 92.5% of female patients consulted by themselves the physician on the subject of mastopathy were town inhabitants with secondary special and humanitarian higher education from the white-collar social group. The concomitant diseases of digestial organs and urogenital system and the deviant psychological characteristics of personality as well had been registered reliably much more frequently among women with a mastopathy in comparison with the control group. More than 70% of females noted the intensification of mastopathy symptoms after the exacerbation of somatic diseases and nervous stresses. Also, more than 80% of female patients experienced psychological discomfort due to doctor's referral to the oncological dispensary. In authors'judgment, the special-purpose mammological consulting rooms under maternity welfare clinics and polyclinics has to be organized to provide efficient diagnostics, treatment and psychological adjustment of female patients with benignant diseases of mammary glands.

[Immunochemical studies of salivary lactoferrin].

Immunodiffusion assays were used to examine lactoferrin (LF) in the mixed saliva of 1026 patients and 553 apparently healthy individuals. Elevated salivary LF levels were found in respiratory and digestive diseases and diabetes. It is concluded that this non-invasive immunochemical assay is promising in the screening and monitoring of persons during their health examination.

[The forming of child and adolescent adaptability].

Adaptability is an ability of the organism to spend its functional reserve in order to keep the balance with the environment and then make up for the use of this reserve. The adaptation of a growing organism to the environment is an intersystem process. The condition of functional intersystem regulation and cardiac rhythm variability in particular, serve as indicators of child adaptability. Adaptability is formed under the influence of such biological factors as heredity, age, gender, health status, and such environmental ones as nutrition balance, quality of life, physical activity, day regimen, and learning conditions. The authors developed a conceptual model of interrelation between biological and environmental factors in the forming of child adaptability.

[The health status of children under poor ecological and social conditions]. / Sostoianie zdorov'ia detskogo naseleniia v napriazhennykh ékologicheskikh i sotsial'nykh usloviiakh.

In the Republic of Altai, the past decades are marked by poor trends in the children's health status: lower birth rates, a rise in general and infantile mortality and morbidity and worse physical development. The districts and areas that differ in environmental and social characteristics have been identified. Their comparison has determined the influence of environmental and social factors on the health status of children. There is a relationship of the children's health to environmental and social factors. It has been found that social factors much more influence than do environmental ones. A combination of environmental and social factors exerts the greatest impact on the basic health indices. In the area exposed to a combination of negative effects of these factors where natives predominantly live, there are negative changes in the children's health status. The leading social factors are maternal working conditions, familial financial position, a child's dietary habits, and living conditions.

[Gender differences in health status and life quality of students]. / Gendernye razlichiia v sostoianii zdorov'ia i kachestve zhizni studentov.

The study has revealed that the leading hygienic risk factor of disorders and low life quality in medical students are an excess educational load at the expense of lecture and extra lecture hours, which is not characteristic of engineering students for whom the organization of a training process mostly meets the sanitary requirements. Gender differences have been found in life quality assessed by young males and females. Social factors have been proved to be the most significant parameters modifying the student's life quality. Moreover, the students of both institutes show decreased mental capacity by the third year of studies, by the fourth year, there are signs of its enhancement irrespective of gender.

[Guidelines for comprehensive assessment of educational and training conditions of children and adolescents]. / Metodologiia kompleksnoi otsenki uslovii vospitaniia i obucheniia detei i podrostkov.

General guidelines have been developed to make a comprehensive assessment of the conditions of education and teaching and to predict probable changes in preschool- and schoolchildren's health. The guidelines envisage the use of standard procedures and programmes for the assessment and optimization of educational and teaching conditions for children and adolescents in educational establishments of different types.

[Scientific bases of a concept of promotion of health of children and adolescents]. / Nauchnye osnovy kontseptsii ukrepleniia zdorov'ia detei i podrostkov.

The paper outlines theoretical concepts on society-state-individual to reduce mortality, morbidity, and disability among children and adolescents and to increase physical and social fitness at the stage of human maturation. On implementation of the concepts, the author proposed to follow the following principles: 1) their governmental nature and priority of preventive measures; 2) the structurization of measures by levels (federal, regional); 3) the optimization of resources and financing; 4) interdisciplinary integration and intersectoral cooperation.

[Clinico-diagnostic role of ferritin and lactoferrin assays in benign and malignant affections of lungs and pleura]. / Kliniko-diagnosticheskoe znachenie issledovanii ferritina i laktoferrina pri dobrokachestvennykh i zlokachestvennykh porazheniiakh legkikh i plevry.

Immunochemical tests of blood sera from 160 healthy residents of the town of Astrakhan were performed to determine standard quantities of ferritin and lactoferrin in the serum. Examinations of the saliva from 280 healthy subjects provided the frequency of occurrence and levels of excretory lactoferrin. These iron-containing proteins were also assessed in different biosubstrates (blood serum, sputum, saliva, pleural fluid, lung tissues) from 550 patients with benign and malignant lesions of the lungs and pleura. Tests for ferritin and lactoferrin proved useful in evaluation of bronchopulmonary inflammation activity, early detection of pulmonary and intrapleural supputation, differential diagnosis of chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases and lung cancer. The excretory salivary lactoferrin provided sufficient information on the condition of adaptive mechanisms of local defense of the lungs in premorbid state in 420 workers of the gas-processing plant exposed to aggressive occupational pollutants.