KCNQ1 rs2237895 gene polymorphism increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian populations.

BACKGROUND: The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently controversial. It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations. AIM: To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, Baidu Academic, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Liter-ature Database, and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12, 2022. Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature. RESULTS: Twelve case-control studies (including 11273 cases and 11654 controls) met our inclusion criteria. In the full population, allelic model [odds ratio (OR): 1.19; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.09-1.29; P < 0.0001], recessive model (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.11-1.29; P < 0.0001), dominant model (OR: 1.27. 95%CI: 1.14-1.42; P < 0.0001), and codominant model (OR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.15-1.60; P = 0.0003) (OR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.10-1.36; P = 0.0002) indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM. In stratified analysis, this association was confirmed in Asian populations: allelic model (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.13-1.37; P < 0.0001), recessive model (OR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.11-1.49; P = 0.0007), dominant model (OR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.20-1.52; P < 0.0001), codominant model (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.22-1.81; P < 0.0001) (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.16-1.36; P < 0.0001). In non-Asian populations, this association was not significant: Allelic model (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 0.98-1.14; P = 0.12), recessive model (OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 0.75-1.42; P = 0.83), dominant model (OR: 1.06; 95%CI: 0.98-1.15; P = 0.15), codominant model (OR: 1.08; 95%CI: 0.82-1.42; P = 0.60. OR: 1.15; 95%CI: 0.95-1.39; P = 0.14). CONCLUSION: KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population. Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM. This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.

Risk management and empirical study of the doctor-patient relationship: based on 1790 litigation cases of medical damage liability disputes in China.

BACKGROUND: Compensation for medical damage liability disputes (CMDLD) seriously hinders the healthy development of hospitals and undermines the harmony of the doctor-patient relationships (DPR). Risk management in the DPR has become an urgent issue of the day. The study aims to provide a comprehensive description of CMDLD in China and explore its influencing factors, and make corresponding recommendations for the management of risks in the DPR. METHODS: This study extracted data from the China Judgment Online - the official judicial search website with the most comprehensive coverage. Statistical analysis of 1,790 litigation cases of medical damage liability disputes (COMDLD) available from 2015 to 2021. RESULTS: COMDLD generally tended to increase with the year and was unevenly distributed by regions; the compensation rate was 52.46%, the median compensation was 134,900 yuan and the maximum was 2,234,666 yuan; the results of the single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the compensation for different years, regions, treatment attributes, and trial procedures (P < 0.05); the correlation analysis showed that types of hospitals were significantly negatively associated with regions (R=-0.082, P < 0.05); trial procedures were significantly negatively correlated with years (R=-0.484, P < 0.001); compensat- ion was significantly positively correlated with years, regions, and treatment attributes (R = 0.098-0.294, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with trial procedures (R=-0.090, P < 0.01); regression analysis showed that years, treatment attributes, and regions were the main factors affecting the CMDLD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Years, regions, treatment attributes, and trial procedures affect the outcome of CMDLD. This paper further puts forward relevant suggestions and countermeasures for the governance of doctor-patient risks based on the empirical results. Including rational allocation of medical resources to narrow the differences between regions; promoting the expansion and sinking of high-quality resources to improve the level of medical services in hospitals at all levels; and developing a third-party negotiation mechanism for medical disputes to reduce the cost of medical litigation.

Bibliometric and visualization analysis of risk management in the doctor-patient relationship: A systematic quantitative literature review.

OBJECTIVES: This paper analyzed the research on risk management in the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) based on a systematic quantitative literature review approach using bibliometric software. It aims to uncover potential information about current research and predict future research hotspots and trends. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant publications in the Scopus database and the Web of Science Core Collection database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2023. We analyzed the data using CiteSpace 6.2.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.19 software to examine the annual number of publications, countries/regions, journals, citations, authors, and keywords in the field. RESULTS: A total of 553 articles and reviews that met the criteria were included in this study. There is an overall upward trend in the number of publications issued; in terms of countries/regions, the United States and the United Kingdom are the largest contributors; Patient Education and Counseling is the most productive journal (17); Physician communication and patient adherence to treatment: a meta-analysis is the most cited article (1637); the field has not yet to form a stable and obvious core team; the analysis of high-frequency keywords revealed four main research directions: the causes of DPR risks, coping strategies, measurement tools, and research related to people prone to doctor-patient risk characteristics; the causes of DPR risks, coping strategies, measurement tools, and research related to people prone to doctor-patient risk characteristics; the keyword burst analysis revealed several shifts in the research hotspots for risk management in the DPR, suggesting that chronic disease management, is a future research direction for the continued development of risk management in the DPR. CONCLUSIONS: The visualization analysis of risk management literature in the DPR using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software provides insights into the current research status and highlights future research directions.

Research on the risk governance of fraudulent reimbursement of patient consultation fees.

Background: The fundamental medical insurance fund, often referred to as the public's "life-saving fund," plays a crucial role in both individual well-being and the pursuit of social justice. Medicare fraudulent claims reduce "life-saving money" to "Tang's monk meat", undermining social justice and affecting social stability. Methods: We utilized crawler technology to gather textual data from 215 cases involving fraudulent health insurance claims. Simultaneously, statistical data spanning 2018 to 2021 was collected from the official websites of the China Medical Insurance Bureau and Anhui Medical Insurance Bureau. The collected data underwent comprehensive analysis through Excel, SPSS 26.0 and R4.2.1. Differential Auto-Regressive Moving Average Model (ARIMA (p, d, q)) was used to fit the fund safety forecast model, and test the predictive validity of the forecast model on the fund security data from July 2021 to October 2023 (the fund security data of Anhui Province from September 2021 to October 2023). Results: The outcomes revealed that fraudulent claims by health insurance stakeholders adversely impact the equity of health insurance funds. Furthermore, the risk management practices of Medicare fund administrators influence the publication of fraudulent claims cases. Notably, differences among Medicare stakeholders were observed in the prevalence of fraudulent claims. Additionally, effective governance of fraudulent claims risks was found to have a positive impact on the overall health of healthcare funds. Moreover, the predictive validity of the forecast model on the national and Anhui province's fund security data was 92.86% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: We propose four recommendations for the governance of health insurance fraudulent claims risk behaviors. These recommendations include strategies such as "combatting health insurance fraudulent claims to preserve the fairness of health insurance funds", "introducing initiatives for fraud risk governance and strengthening awareness of the rule of law", "focusing on designated medical institutions and establishing a robust long-term regulatory system", and "adapting to contemporary needs while maintaining a focus on long-term regulation".

Emerging trends and patterns in healthcare-seeking behavior: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The study of healthcare-seeking behavior is essential for optimizing resource allocation and improving healthcare services. Its complexity and diversity have made it a prominent research area. Understanding factors influencing healthcare-seeking decisions allows targeted interventions and policy development to address barriers and ensure equitable access to quality healthcare for diverse populations. Such research plays a vital role in enhancing healthcare outcomes and overall population health. METHODS: The study utilized a systematic quantitative literature review approach, employing the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection and PubMed databases as data sources. Additionally, bibliometric tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed for analysis and visualization of the literature. RESULTS: A comprehensive statistical analysis and visualization were performed on the annual publication volume, publication countries, journals, keywords, and keyword co-occurrence patterns up until 2023. Through this analysis, a framework was established, identifying the determinants and fundamental elements of healthcare-seeking behavior. These findings contribute to the advancement of research in this field and inform future studies and interventions aimed at improving healthcare-seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the aforementioned literature review and framework, several conclusions were drawn. The determinants that facilitate healthcare-seeking behavior include improving health education awareness, enhancing healthcare resources, reducing costs, and ensuring system soundness. Additionally, providing social environment support was found to be crucial. Furthermore, the fundamental elements of healthcare-seeking behavior were identified as healthcare demand, healthcare choices, and the process of diagnosis and treatment. These findings provide valuable insights for developing interventions and policies to promote optimal healthcare-seeking behavior.

A Case Report of Urinary Tract Infection and Fungemia Due to Pichia ohmeri Complicated with Pulmonary Thromboembolism.

Pichia ohmeri (P. ohmeri) is a rare human pathogen known to cause severe conditions such as sepsis, fungemia, endocarditis, and peritonitis, often resulting in high mortality rates. This report presents a case of a febrile 66-year-old male with a urinary tract infection and fungemia caused by P. ohmeri. The patient had additional complications of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the left lower extremity. Notably, the pathogen was isolated in both urine and blood cultures, an uncommon finding in immunocompetent patients. Treatment with fluconazole was initiated based on the antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) results. Following treatment, the patient experienced a gradual resolution of fever and urinary tract infection symptoms. Concurrently, anticoagulant therapy was administered for the management of PTE and DVT. The patient was eventually discharged in a stable condition.

Study on the status and problems of teaching system of "medical advanced mathematics": data based on a research of 11 universities in China.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Driven by Innovation 2.0 (the information age, the innovation form of the knowledge society), the form evolved by the Internet development, giving rise to economic and social development ("Internet +"). With this background, a novel approach is presented for fostering excellence in physicians, aligning with the contemporary demands of our era. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaire was used to facilitate the collection of data on medical advanced mathematics course offerings, distribution of teaching hours of each major and the perception of the course teaching system in 11 medical universities in China. The distribution of course offerings in each major was analyzed, and one-sample t-test was conducted on the perspectives of course offerings, content settings (theoretical & practical), educational objectives, teaching reforms, and Synthetical Sensation (SS) of the curriculum system and educational model. RESULTS: The study included various specialties such as clinical medicine, pharmacy, public health, health management, and life sciences, all of which offered advanced mathematics course. The content of medical mathematics textbooks was designed to meet the practical needs of relevant professions, and encompass online laboratory classes and social practice. However, a noticeable misalignment was observed between the content of medical mathematics courses and the realistic requirements of professions (t = -3.614~-3.018, P < 0.05). The perceived difference in the completeness of curriculum systems was not significantly apparent. There was a difference in the perception of the effectiveness of teaching reforms (t = -4.485, P < 0.05), and there was a difference in the perception of the synthesis of the educational model in all cases (t = -5.067, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There are localized differences in curricula, and the number of course hours is basically reasonable; course content needs to be updated; the implementation of course objectives is not in place; the curriculum system can meet the needs of talent training; the innovation of the education model needs to be put into practice; and there are obvious differences in the comprehensive cognition of the teaching system and the education model. Based on the analysis of the problems, we build a new STC teaching mode with smart classroom based on "professional needs, practical needs and requirements for cultivating excellent physician talents".

Acceptance Factors and Psychological Investigation of Clinical Trials in Cancer Patients.

Aim: To understand the degree of oncology patients' awareness of drug clinical trials and oncology patients' willingness to participate in drug clinical trials and the factors influencing them. Methods: The differences in the relevant variables of patients' willingness to accept clinical trials were analyzed, and a descriptive analysis was done for the measurement data (mean and standard deviation). Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis was used to examine the correlation between willingness and the demographic variables. Stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of patients' willingness to accept clinical trials. Results: There were no statistical differences in age, gender, education level, marital status, place of residence, monthly income, medical payment method, and treatment time (P > 0.05). Patients' willingness to accept drug clinical trials differed in their cognitive degree of clinical drug trials (P = 0.002). Patients' willingness to accept drug clinical trials differed in their experience in clinical trials (P < 0.001). The correlation difference was statistically significant. The willingness to accept drug clinical trials was negatively correlated with treatment time (R = -0.16, P < 0.05) and positively correlated with awareness of clinical trials and whether they had been subjects (R = 0.16 and 0.43, P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that patients' willingness was directly influenced by age, treatment time, and whether they had been subjects (F = 21.315, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Age, treatment time, and whether they had been subjects were the direct influencing factors of patients' willingness. This study pointed out that hospitals should do a good job in the publicity of clinical trials of new drugs, expand publicity channels, increase publicity efforts, improve the awareness of clinical trials of the masses, and promote the enthusiasm of the masses to participate in clinical trials of drugs.

An Empirical Study on Physical Subhealth Risk Perception: A Physical Examination Data of Tertiary Grade-A Hospitals in Anhui Province, China.

Background: Physical subhealth directly correlates to people's work effectiveness and quality of life, so subhealth prevention has become an urgent medical problem. Methods: A random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of physical examinees from June to September, 2019. In total, 770 people participated in our study. The Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to explore the relationship among demographic variables, physical subhealth, and risk perception. Also, this study used a two-way interaction moderated multiple regression approach to examine the moderating effects of demographic variables on physical subhealth and risk perception. Results: The risk perception level was negatively associated with physical health. Age, education level, and subhealth proportion in the work unit all significantly and positively influence physical health, whereas living place, subhealth duration, and marital status negatively influence physical health. Living place, average annual household income, number of employees in the work unit, and subhealth proportion in the work unit significantly and positively influence the risk perception, and only age negatively influences the risk perception. The number of children had a moderating effect on physical subhealth and risk perception (Interaction coefficient α = -0.3, P < 0.05). Conclusions: To achieve the overall improvement of public health, relevant management departments can provide targeted interventions for the public with different levels of risk perception. Also, the physical subhealth of the public can be addressed by encouraging the public to attach importance to education, improving the public living environment to build a livable city, strengthening psychological guidance and intervention for couples heading toward divorce to reduce the divorce rate, focusing on the health of work unit employees and regularly organizing employees to attend medical checkups, and actively responding to the national policy of family planning.

The status and influencing factors of adolescents' mental health in a province of China: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the mental health status of adolescents in China and its influencing factors. METHODS: The stratified cluster sampling method was used to evaluate the mental health status of 5633 adolescents using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the overall mean score of SCL-90 and the mean score of each subscale among adolescents in gender, grade, family, and region. The mean score of the interpersonal sensitivity and phobic anxiety subscales of the adolescents with rural household registration was higher than that of the urban household registration. Except for hostility and phobic anxiety subscales, there was a significant difference between junior high school and senior high school students in the remaining subscales. There were significant differences between only children and non-only children in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms and phobic anxiety subscales. The mean scores of depression, phobic anxiety, and other subscales of left-behind adolescents were significantly different from those of non-left-behind adolescents. Female gender (OR = 1.789), different-grade (junior high school sophomore: OR = 2.201; junior high school third grade: OR = 2.004; high school freshman: OR = 2.279; high school sophomore: OR = 2.947; high school senior: OR = 2.112), different-region (central region: OR = 1.302; southern region: OR = 1.925) and high school (OR = 1.281) adolescents had a higher risk of mental health problems, while those from two-parent families (OR = 0.68) had a lower risk. LIMITATIONS: This study is a cross-sectional study and not widely representative. CONCLUSION: Gender, grade, region, and academic period are risk factors, and a two-parent family is a protective factor for adolescents' mental health.

Analysis of the Operational Efficiency of Basic Medical Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents: Based on a Three-Stage DEA Model.

Following the integration of the urban residents' medical insurance into the new rural cooperative medical insurance in 2016, China has now formed a basic medical insurance system with the urban workers' basic medical insurance system and the rural residents' basic medical insurance system as the main entities. With the development of basic medical insurance, the protection for residents is becoming more and more comprehensive, and its fund expenditure also increases, so it is necessary to research the efficiency of the medical insurance fund expenditure. This paper conducts a three-stage DEA analysis of the efficiency of basic health insurance for urban and rural residents in 31 provinces, based on a Chinese panel data from 2017 to 2020. It is found that China's health insurance operation is still in the development stage, with four regions in the efficiency frontier and Guizhou province having the lowest efficiency value nationwide. The GDP and fiscal investment on social security effectively reduce the input redundancy in the basic health insurance operation, which contributes to the efficiency of the health insurance operation. This study further proposes suggestions and countermeasures to improve the operational efficiency of China's basic health insurance, based on the empirical results: (1) develop the economy and broaden the financing sources; (2) improve the level of health care services and improve the efficiency driven by quality; and (3) improve the level of health insurance supervision through multiple measures.

A Decision Model for the Control and Dissemination of the Online Public Opinions: An Empirical Study of Public Opinion Dissemination on Fraudulent Insurance Claims in Taihe, China.

This work establishes the SE-IR model of dissemination of online public opinions and control decisions. The model is developed by sorting out the development process of dissemination of the online public opinion model, analysing the mechanism of public opinion evolution in emergencies, drawing on the construction idea of the SEIR contagion model, and combining the characteristics of the online public opinion dissemination with the role mechanism of government intervention. Using this model, we determine the equilibrium point and stability of public opinion dissemination. Using the data of public opinion on an incident of fraudulent insurance claims in China, we explore the influence of different government decisions on public opinion dissemination. The results show that government actions in that case achieved the purpose of minimising the risk of harmful public opinion dissemination.

Questionnaire development on measuring parents' anxiety about their children's education: Empirical evidence of parental perceived anxiety data for primary and secondary school students in China.

Background: With the implementation of the "double reduction" policy in China, parents of primary and secondary school students are experiencing a growing trend of educational anxiety that needs to be alleviated. Objective: To manage the education anxiety risk of parents of primary and secondary school students, a measurement questionnaire of parents' anxiety about their children's education (MQPAE) was developed and its reliability and validity were evaluated. Methods: A self-administered MQPAE was developed. An online crowdsourcing questionnaire platform was used to collect data on parents' anxiety about their children's education (PAE), and parents of primary and secondary school students in Hefei, China, were selected as the study population. The randomly extracted 5,747 questionnaires were gradually screened by discrete trend method, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient method for the initial screening of PAE items, based on which exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted for the final screening of questionnaire items and the reliability of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by internal consistency and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using 639 pre-selected data to investigate the validity of the questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the structural validity of the questionnaire, and average variance extracted (AVE), combined reliability (CR), and maximum of shared squared variance (MSV) were used to test for convergent and discriminant validity. Results: Exploratory factor analysis extracted five factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 65.66%. The CFA showed that χ2/df = 4.306, CFI = 0.920, NFI = 0.898, RMSEA = 0.072<0.08, AGFI = 0.839>0.80, PNFI = 0.793 and PGFI = 0.708. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.956, and the factors' Cronbach's α coefficients were 0.926, 0.857, 0.913, 0.901, and 0.768, respectively. Repeated measurements of Pearson's correlation coefficients were 0.908, 0.911, 0.873, 0.891, 0.907 and 0.885 (all p < 0.001). The AVE was greater than 0.5 and the CR was greater than 0.7, and the value of the MSV was less than the corresponding AVE. Conclusion: The MQPAE has good reliability and validity and can be used in studies related to PAE of primary and secondary school students.

Subhealth Risk Perception Scale: Development and Validation of a New Measure.

BACKGROUND: To develop an individual's physical subhealth risk perception scale and evaluate its reliability and validity, so as to provide a measurement tool for individual physical health risk. METHODS: A questionnaire on the perception risk of physical subhealth was developed. Using a random sampling method, 785 people in the Anhui provincial physical examination centre were selected as the research participants. Of the questionnaires returned, 770 were valid, giving an effective rate of 98%. Firstly, the Pearson correlation coefficient method was used to study the correlation of 35 items in the initial scale, and then, polychoric factor structure analysis was carried out by using the Pratt D matrix to optimize the item structure. The Cronbach'α coefficient method was used to test the internal consistency reliability, and a structural equation model was used to explore the construct validity of the scale. The discriminant validity of the scale was obtained by factor analysis. A general linear model was used to analyse the relationship between the clinical manifestations of physical subhealth and the level of risk perception, and the convergent validity of the scale was evaluated. RESULTS: All the data of 35 items were significantly correlated at the 0.01 level. The correlation coefficients between a1 and a2, a3 and a4, b1 and b2, b2 and b3, c4 and c5, c5 and c6, c6 and c7, c8 and c9, d1 and d2, d2 and d3, e5 and e6, g1 and g2, g2 and g3, and g2 and g4 were greater than 0.6. The items with correlation coefficients greater than 0.6 were reduced by a Pratt D matrix. The resulting physical subhealth risk perception scale covers five factors with a total of 18 items. The Cronbach'α coefficient of the scale was 0.889, and the Cronbach'α coefficients of the five factors F1-F5 were 0.780, 0.825, 0.801, 0.736, and 0.704, respectively. Structural equation model analysis showed that χ 2/df = 3.43, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.88, NFI = 0.84, AGFI = 0.84, and CFI = 0.88. Factor analysis showed that factors F1-F5 had significant correlations (p < 0.01), and the correlation coefficients were less than the corresponding square root value of AVE. Based on the subhealth clinical manifestations of the participants, the general linear model was used to explore the convergent validity of the scale, and the results indicated that the scale passed the convergent validity test. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a physical subhealth risk perception scale amounting to 18 items, which includes five dimensions: health knowledge (2 items), risk perception (5 items), trust selection (4 items), information channel (4 items), and social groups (3 items). The reliability and validity of the physical subhealth risk perception scale are acceptable. Applying the scale into practice has potential to improve the overall public health level.

Association of KCNQ1rs2237892C⟶T Gene with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in adults, causing high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, the prevalence of T2DM has been increasing significantly, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that KCNQ1 significantly increases the risk of T2DM. OBJECTIVE: To find large-scale evidence on whether the KCNQ1rs2237892C⟶T gene polymorphism is associated with T2DM susceptibility. METHODS: A comprehensive review of the Chinese and English literature on the association of T2DM with KCNQ1rs2237892 is published by PubMed and Baidu Academic. The included literature was part or all of the studied loci which were evaluated for association with T2DM. Forest plots were made of the included literature to analyze the association of KCNQ1 with polymorphisms of the studied loci, and funnel plots and Egger's test were used to evaluate the publication bias of the selected included literature. RESULTS: Ten case-control studies including a total of 7027 cases and 8208 controls met our inclusion criteria. Allele (C allele frequency distribution) (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.87,1.62; P < 0.00001), recessive (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.45,1.18; P < 0.00001) genetic model under the full population was observed between KCNQ1rs2237892C⟶T gene polymorphism and T2DM without a significant relationship. In a stratified analysis by race, a meaningful association was found in non-Asian populations under the allelic genetic model, but no association was found in Asian populations. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed no significant association between the rs2237892 polymorphism of the KCNQ1 gene and the risk of T2DM.

Higher Yogurt Consumption Is Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: Yogurt is known to be nutrient-rich and probiotic content, which gather optimism due to their potential role in preventing and managing cancers. The effect of yogurt consumption on colorectal cancer (CRC) is inconsistent. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of yogurt consumption with the risk of CRC. Methods: Three databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched for all relevant studies from July 2021 on the association of yogurt consumption with CRC risk. We pooled the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs using a random-effects meta-analysis to assess the association. Results: Finally, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were chosen in the meta-analysis. Yogurt consumption was significant with lower risk of CRC risk in the overall comparison (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.94), in the cohort studies (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97), and case-control studies (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65-0.85). With regard to subgroup analyses by study region, cancer type, publication year, and sex, yogurt consumption significantly decreased overall CRC, colon cancer, and distal colon cancer risks. In stratified analyses, we observed significantly decreased CRC risk in Europe and Africa and published after 2010 and overall population. Sensitivity analysis indicated the result is stable and there is no publication bias in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: Overall, this study indicated that yogurt intake was related to a decreased risk of CRC.

Association of CDKAL1 RS10946398 Gene Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is one of the common chronic diseases in which susceptibility is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and more than 90% of diabetic patients are diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). The existing studies on the association between CDKAL1 rs10946398 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes are inconsistent across populations. AIM: We aim to explore the association between CDKAL1 rs10946398 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in different populations. METHODS: We examined all studies before June 12, 2021, that associated CDKAL1 rs10946398 with T2DM. Heterogeneity was assessed by meta-analysis of allelic inheritance models (A vs. C), dominant inheritance models (AA vs. AC+CC), and recessive inheritance model (AA+AC vs. CC); I 2 was used to assess the heterogeneity (if I 2 < 50%, the fixed-effects model was used; if I 2 ≥ 50%, the random-effects model was used for data consolidation); correlation was judged by a forest map; potential publication bias was tested by the Egger test (p > 0.05 indicates that there is no publication bias). RESULTS: Fourteen data totaling 30288 subjects, including 19272 controls and 11016 patients with T2DM, met our inclusion criteria. In the Asian population, the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01) for dominant genetic model (OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.64-0.88, p = 0.0003). But the allelic effect model (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.75-1.02, p = 0.08) and the recessive genetic model (OR = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.66-1.10, p = 0.23) were not statistically significant (p > 0.01). In the non-Asian population, the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01) for the allelic effect model (OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.77-0.88, p < 0.00001), the dominant model (OR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.72-0.87, p < 0.00001), and the recessive model (OR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.70-0.87, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In this study, CDKAL1 RS10946398 was positively associated with T2DM, but the association was different in Asian populations.

The relationship between psychological health and social support: Evidence from physicians in China.

BACKGROUND: The psychological health (PH) of doctors affects the quality of medical service and is related to the safety of patients. The serious problems with the doctor-patient relationship in China can lead to long-term imbalances in doctor PH, and the poor PH status of doctors has raised scholars' concern. Current research mainly focuses on how factors such as social support and the impact of the residential environment correlate with individual PH. We continue this direction of research to see how the mechanism of social support impacts physician PH, also investigating the moderating effect of demographic indicators on physician PH. METHODS: Based on a survey of 399 physicians, a descriptive analysis of measured data was done using SPSS 19.0. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to examine the correlations between PH and the social support rating scale (SSRS) and the demographic variables. KMO and Bartlett methods were used to examine the correlations between PH and SDS (a scale to measure depression) and between PH and SAS (a scale to measure anxiety). The method of factor analysis was used for multicollinearity tests, and multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the demographic factors correlated with PH and SSRS. Two-way interactions in moderated multiple regression were used to test the moderating effect of education level and title on SSRS, SDS, and SAS. RESULTS: Our results indicate that the level of PH is influenced by the age, education, and title of a doctor. A physician's title is significantly and positively correlated with PH, but age and education are significantly negatively related. Age, education, and title also affect the level of SSRS in physicians. SSRS is positively correlated with age, education, and title, and SSRS positively influences PH. Education and title had significant effects on the moderating influences of SSRS, SDS, SAS, and PH. CONCLUSION: The factors directly affecting PH include SSRS, age, and title, while education was found to be an indirect influencing factor. To meet goals expressed in Chinese government policy related to these issues, we suggest strengthening the guidance of the media, introducing laws and regulations on doctor-patient risk management and control, reforming the review mechanism of hospital job titles, improving the education level of doctors, building a comprehensive evaluation system of "practice performance + doctor-patient satisfaction", and strengthening doctor-patient empathy. Through such measures, the level of PH in physicians will improve.

Exploring the influence of resiliency on physician trust in patients: An empirical study of Chinese incidents.

BACKGROUND: The tension in doctor-patient relationships is becoming progressively greater due to the high expectations of patients and the physicians' work pressure. Recent studies have addressed factors which affect the tension of doctor-patient relationships, and our study continues this trend by looking at the influence of resiliency and physician trust in the patient (PTP), that is, how much the doctor trusts the patient. METHODS: Based on a survey of 329 physicians, a descriptive analysis of measured data was done using SPSS 19.0. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to examine the correlation between PTP and resilience and the demographic variables. KMO and Bartlett methods were used to examine the correlation between PTPS and resilience. The method of factor analysis was used for multicollinearity tests, and multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the demographic factors correlated with PTP and resilience. RESULT: Our results indicate that the level of PTP is influenced by the age, education, and income of the doctors. Physician age and income are significantly and positively correlated with PTP, but education is significantly and negatively related. Age, education, and income also affect the level of psychological resilience of physicians. Resilience is positively correlated with age and education but is negatively related to income. Resilience positively influences PTP. CONCLUSION: The direct factors of PTP include resilience, age, education, and income, while gender, title, and hospital department were found to be indirect influencing factors. To meet goals expressed in Chinese government policy related to these issues, we suggest improving the level of education of the doctors, providing reasonable annual salary increases for doctors, easing the tensions involved in medical treatment, reducing the physicians' work pressure, improving the physicians' work environment, and enhancing the physicians' professional sympathy. Through such measures, the level of PTP will be enhanced.

[Analysis of lymphoma presenting with pulmonary symptoms: report of 79 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics and diagnostic methods of lymphoma with pulmonary symptoms as the initial manifestations. METHODS: Seventy-nine patients with lymphoma presenting with pulmonary symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. These cases were all diagnosed in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during 2007 to 2014. The data were collected, including general features, clinical manifestations, blood examinations, CT scan, diagnostic methods, pathologic diagnosis, misdiagnosis and the reasons. RESULTS: The median age of the 79 patients was 51 years. Cough (66 cases, 84%), expectoration(55 cases, 70%), weight loss (37 cases, 47%), fever (37 cases, 47%), shortness of breath (34 cases, 43%), enlargement of the peripheral lymph nodes (24 cases, 30%), and rales in both sides of the lungs (20 cases, 25%). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and CA125 levels were increased in 51% , 37%, and 49% of the patients respectively. Chest CT scan showed bilateral involvement in 49 cases (62%), unilateral involvement in 23 cases (29%), and mediastinum occupying lesions in 11 cases (14%). The lesions included nodules and masses, infiltration and pulmonary consolidation, diffuse ground-glass shadows or reticular changes, and pleural effusion. Fifty patients had at least 2 kinds of these radiological changes. The pleural effusion of 21 patients were examined, and 20 of them were exudates. Pleural effusion LDH/serum LDH > 3.5, pleural effusion CEA/serum CEA > 1, and pleural effusion CA125 increase were present in 1, 4, and 5 patients respectively. The median value of the pleural effusion LDH and ADA were 224 U/L and 21 U/L. Several methods were used for diagnosis, including transbronchial biopsy(40 cases), peripheral lymph node biopsy (21 cases), percutaneous lung biopsy (8 cases), video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (3 cases), gastroscopic biopsy (1 case), enteroscopic biopsy (1 cases), pleural mass biopsy (1 case), sternal mass biopsy (1 case), scalp mass biopsy (1 case), mammary glands biopsy (1 case) and pharyngeal biopsy (1 case). The pathological study showed that 8 cases were Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 71 cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The median misdiagnosis time was 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical symptoms and radiological features were diverse and nonspecific in patients with lymphoma presented by pulmonary symptoms. Pathological biopsy should be considered early to avoid delay in diagnosis.