Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Analysis of 11 Cases in a Single-Center Study.

Objective: Laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNEN) are rare, and there have been previous uncertainties regarding their classification and treatment modalities. This article aims to share our treatment experience, elucidate changes in LNEN classification, and discuss the treatment implications of different types and stages. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 11 cases of LNEN treated through surgical intervention at the Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, from January 2014 to November 2023. Among the 11 cases, there were 9 males and 2 females, with ages ranging from 61 to 77 years. Pathological classifications included neuroendocrine tumors (NET) G1 (1 case), G2 (2 cases), G3 (5 cases), small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (2 cases), and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (1 case). The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 115 months. Results: Treatment modalities varied among the cases: 5 patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) without neck dissection, 1 patient underwent TLM with unilateral neck lymph node dissection, 1 patient underwent open partial supraglottic laryngectomy (OPSL) with ipsilateral neck lymph node dissection, and 4 patients underwent OPSL with bilateral neck lymph node dissection. Among the 11 patients, 4 died, with 2 succumbing to distant metastasis, 1 to local recurrence, and 1 to other diseases. Conclusion: The prognosis of LNEN is closely associated with the latest pathological classification and TNM staging. For a more detailed and specific clinical staging, further research involving multicenter large-scale data is needed.

Erratum: [Corrigendum] Mesenchymal stem cells expressing interleukin­18 suppress breast cancer cells in vitro.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2286.].

[Effect of miRNA-135b on proliferation, invasion and migration of triple-negative breast cancer by targeting APC].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of miRNA-135b in a variety of breast cancer cell lines and its function on the proliferation, invasion and migration in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines by targeting adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). METHODS: Quantitative real-time (RT)--PCR was used to detect the expression of miRNA-135b in seven breast cancer cell lines and one normal breast cell line. The three-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 with miRNA-135b high-expression were divided into three groups: the normal growth group, the negative control group (transfected with negative counter-part) and the experimental group (transfected with miRNA-135b inhibitors). RT- PCR and Western blot were used to explore the expression of APC. The proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method and the invasion and migration were detected by Transwell method. RESULTS: The levels of miRNA-135b were higher in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines than other types, especially MDA-MB-231 (P=0.001) and MDA-MB-468 (P=0.036). Compared with normal growth group and negative control group, the mRNA and protein of APC were up-regulated in experimental group MDA-MB-231 (P=0.013, P=0.021), MDA-MB-468 (P=0.017, P=0.014). CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation rate of experimental group was decreased compared with negative control and normal growth group MDA-MB-231 (P=0.00 ), MDA-MB-468 (P=0.01). The invasion and migration ability of MDA-MB-231 (P=0.002, P=0.00) and MDA-MB-468 (P=0.01, P=0.00) were obviously decreased after transfected miRNA-135b inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The expressions of miRNA-135b were higher in most triple-negative breast cancer cell lines than others. miRNA-135b could promote the proliferation, invasion and migration in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, and APC was one of the target genes of miRNA- 135b by participating in the process of regulation.

Mesenchymal stem cells expressing interleukin-18 suppress breast cancer cells in vitro.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females throughout the world. Current treatments have unsatisfactory outcomes due to the dispersed nature of certain types of the disease. The development of a more effective therapy for breast cancer has long been one of the most elusive goals of cancer gene therapy. In the present study, human mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord (hUMSCs) genetically modified with interleukin 18 (IL-18) gene were used to study the effect of hUMSCs/IL-18 on the growth, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and HCC1937 cells in vitro. The hUMSCs could be efficiently modified by lentiviral systems and stably expressed IL-18 protein. hUMSCs/IL-18, but not hUMSCs without the IL-18 gene transduction, significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of the MCF-7 and HCC1937 cells. The mechanism of this proliferation suppression may have involved the induction of G1- to S-phase arrest of the breast cancer cells by the hUMSCs/IL-18. In conclusion, hUMSCs/IL-18 can suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and may provide an approach for a novel antitumor therapy in breast cancer.

[Effect of interleukin-18 gene modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on proliferation of breast cancer cell].

OBJECTIVE: To establish human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) strain transfected with interleukin-18 (IL-18) gene and examine its effects on the proliferation of breast cancer cell (MCF-7). METHODS: HUMSCs were isolated and cultured. And the lentivirus-IL-18 vector containing human IL-18 gene was constructed and transfected into HUMSCs. The expressions of IL-18 gene mRNA and protein were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. After co-culturing for 1, 3, 5 days, Transwell and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed on MCF-7 to plot the cell growth curve. RESULTS: IL-18-HUMSCs could stably express of IL-18 gene and inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. The IL-18 mRNA relative expression amounts were 1.40 ± 0.21 for experimental group (IL-18-HUMSCs), 0.59 ± 0.09 for negative control group (NV-HUMSCs) and 0.71 ± 0.05 for blank control group (HUMSCs). As compared with control group, the difference was statistically significant (F = 31.81, P = 0.001). The relative expressions of IL-18 protein were 1.54 ± 0.27 for experimental group (IL-18-HUMSCs), 0.57 ± 0.04 for negative control group (NV-HUMSCs) and 0.59 ± 0.23 for blank control group (HUMSCs). As compared with control group, the difference was statistically significant (F = 22.32, P = 0.002). After co-culturing for 5 days, the cellular proliferation was significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION: IL-18 gene has been successfully transfected into HUMSCs and has a stable expression. And IL-18-HUMSCs can effectively inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro.