New gold (III) cyanide complex TGS 121 induces ER stress, proteasome inhibition and death of Ras-hyperactivated cells.

Metal-based agents in cancer therapy, like cisplatin and its derivates, have established clinical applications but also can induce serious side effects. Thus, metallotherapeutic alternatives for platinum derivatives are developed and intensively studied. Platinum is replaced by several transition metals including gold. Especially gold (III) complexes can have the same square-planar structure and are isoelectric with platinum (II). Hence, they are developed as potential anti-cancer drugs. Thus, our group projected and developed a group of novel cyanide-based gold (III) complexes. Within this work, we aimed to characterize the safety and effectivity of one of them, TGS 121. TGS 121 in our preliminary work was selective for Ras-hyperactivated cells. Here we studied the effects of the novel complex in cancerous Ras-3 T3 and non-cancerous NIH-3 T3 cells. The complex TGS 121 turned out to be non-toxic for NIH-3 T3 cells and to induce death and alternations in Ras-hyperactivated cells. We found induction of ER stress, mitochondria swelling, proteasome inhibition, and cell cycle block. Moreover, TGS 121 inhibited cell migration and induced the accumulation of perinuclear organelles that was secondary to proteasome inhibition. Results presented in this report suggest that stable gold-cyanide TGS 121 complex is non-toxic, with a targeted mechanism of action and it is promising in anticancer drug discovery.

[Knowledge about influence of smoking tobacco on health condition and developing fetus of the patients of women health center in urban and rural areas]. / Wiedza na temat wplywu palenia tytoniu na stan zdrowia i rozwijajacy sie plód pacjentek poradni dla kobiet w srodowisku wielkomiejskim i w malym miescie.

Chemical compounds that are present in tobacco smoke negatively affect the health of everyone, but most of all it damages the organism of the developing and young bodies. Both passive and active smoking is harmful. The level of knowledge in the society concerning smoking increases systematically. However, many people choose to ignore warnings and prohibitions concerning smoking. From the findings it results that 60% of the pregnant women is threatened with inhaling tobacco smoke at work place or at home, and almost every third pregnant woman smokes. The aim of the research was to recognize the knowledge about the influence of smoking tobacco on the developing fetus of the patients of health centers in Lodz and in Opoczno. Between 1st and 15th April 2007, there were studies carried out using an auditory survey among 240 female patients who came for advice at the health center. One health center in Lodz was chosen at random and one in Opoczno. Subsequently, people queuing to the doctor's were asked to fill the survey, until 120 patients completed it. Collected material was then analysed statistically. The questionnaire consisted in total of 28 questions, including 11 concerning patients' knowledge about the influence of smoking tobacco on health. Almost 21% of the questioned was of a mistaken opinion that not everyone can quit smoking. Over 16% of them did not know that smoking may lead to vascular diseases and 2% of women did not see the connection between smoking and respiratory system diseases, 11% of the surveyed did not know that smoking is harmful and over 10% did not know that passive smoking has negative effect on the developing fetus. Defects in knowledge concerning influence of smoking, particularly passive smoking on the frequency of illnesses occurrence and the development of fetus, among some of the respondents, requires the increase of didactic activities of health care workers.

[Behaviour concerning smoking among the patients making use of advice in women health centres]. / Zachowania dotyczace palenia tytoniu pacjentek korzystajacych z porad w poradniach dla kobiet.

The level of knowledge in the society about the harmful influence of smoking is increasing systematically. But there are still many people ignoring the warnings and prohibitions concerning smoking. The results of the research show that it is highly worrying that there are people for whom smoking is incredibly dangerous, e.g. children, youth, women, especially pregnant women. The aim of the work was to establish the percentage of smoking women among the patients of the women health centre, with the special focus on pregnant women. There were 120 women encompassed in this study in the health centre in Opoczno and 120 women using a similar health centre in Lodz between the 1st and the 15th March 2007, using a auditoria survey questionnaire. The collected data was worked out statistically. In the group of 240 tested people, 87 admitted to smoking, which is 36.3% of the respondents. Among the 185 women who were not pregnant, but were smoking, there were 75 (40.5%) and in the group of 55 pregnant women, there were 12 who smoked (f=0.22). Over 22% of the smoking women smoked over 10 cigarettes a day. From among 87 of the surveyed, 35.6% claimed they smoked everywhere they wanted. Majority of the respondents that is 52.9% lived with at least one other smoking person. Over 70% of them would like to quit smoking. Almost 48% stated their doctor has never talked with them about the influence of smoking on their health and almost 42% stated that no nurse or midwife has ever talked to them about this subject. Frequency of smoking among the tested people who were using the women health centre was high. Especially worrying was the percentage of the smoking pregnant women--every fifth of them smoked.