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1.
Biol Pharm Bull ; 42(5): 680-684, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31061310

RESUMO

Daiokanzoto (DKT) and lubiprostone (LPS) are drugs used for constipation, but few studies have compared them. This study examined the effectiveness, adverse events, and medical economic efficiency of DKT and LPS for constipation. Patients who received DKT (DKT group) and those who received LPS (LPS group) during admission to Ogaki Municipal Hospital between November 2012 and May 2016 were enrolled. Drug efficacy was evaluated based on the median value of bowel movement frequency over 1 week before and after drug administration, and their safety was evaluated by the presence or absence of diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. To assess medical economic efficiency, drug costs for constipation per week were calculated. The median values (quartile ranges) of bowel movement frequency at 1 week after drug administration were 8.5 (6.0-12.0) in the DKT group and 5 (3.0-7.0) in the LPS group, which was significantly different (p < 0.01). Diarrhea occurred significantly less often in the DKT group (4 cases) than in the LPS group (17 cases) (p < 0.01). The median cost of drugs administered for constipation for 1 week was significantly lower in the DKT group (631 [quartile range, 513-653] yen) than in the LPS group (1431 [1135-2344] yen) (p < 0.01). DKT had a higher immediate effect on constipation and was associated with more frequent bowel movement and fewer adverse events of diarrhea than LPS, suggesting that it may be effective and safe for treating constipation, and DKT is inexpensive.


Assuntos
Constipação Intestinal/tratamento farmacológico , Laxantes/uso terapêutico , Lubiprostona/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Constipação Intestinal/economia , Custos de Medicamentos , Feminino , Glycyrrhiza uralensis , Humanos , Laxantes/economia , Lubiprostona/economia , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/economia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rhus , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Int J Chronic Dis ; 2018: 1296717, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29693001

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Daikenchuto (DKT) is a Kampo medicine used for the treatment of constipation. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of DKT against constipation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients administered DKT for constipation were selected and divided into low-dose (7.5 g DKT; n = 22) and high-dose (15 g DKT; n = 11) groups. We retrospectively evaluated weekly defaecation frequency, side effects, and clinical laboratory data. RESULTS: Median defaecation frequencies after DKT administration (5, 5.5, 5, and 8 for the first, second, third, and fourth weeks, resp.) were significantly higher than that before DKT administration (2) in all 33 cases (P < 0.01). One case (3%) of watery stool, one case of loose stools (3%), and no cases of abdominal pain (0%) were observed. Median defaecation frequencies in the high-dose group (7 and 9) were significantly higher than those in the low-dose group (4 and 3) in the first (P = 0.0133) and second (P = 0.0101) weeks, respectively. There was no significant change in clinical laboratory values. CONCLUSION: We suggest that DKT increases defaecation frequency and is safe for treating constipation.

3.
Biomed Rep ; 5(4): 497-500, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27699020

RESUMO

There are only a few treatment options for constipation and limited evidence of suitable treatments. Daiokanzoto (DKT) is a Kampo medicine often used clincally to treat constipation. DKT is a laxative used predominantly in Japan; however, clinical data on its efficacy and safety is lacking. Patients who used DKT, but were intolerant to either magnesium oxide (MgO; MgO group; n=16) or senna extract (Senna group; n=26) were included in the present study. The frequencies of their bowel movements were compared during the 1 week prior to and following DKT administration. Within 24 hours after DKT administration, 93.8% of the patients in the MgO group evacuated their bowels. The median bowel movement frequency 1 week prior to DKT administration was 2.5 and 1 week after DKT administration was significantly increased to 7.5. In the Senna group, within 24 h of DKT administration, 80.8% of the patients evacuated their bowels. The median bowel movement frequency 1 week prior to the DKT treatment was 2.0, which significantly increased to 8.5 1 week after the administration of DKT. The adverse events from DKT treatment were mild and controllable.

4.
Int J Oncol ; 29(3): 531-9, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16865268

RESUMO

Recently, dendritic cells (DCs) and DC-tumor cell hybrids (DC-tumor hybrids) have been used for cancer vaccine therapy in a clinical trial. DC-tumor hybrids combine the potent antigen-presenting capacity of DCs with the ability to present all tumor antigens expressed on tumor cells to T cells. We used DC-tumor hybrids as stimulator cells to induce tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in vitro. DC-tumor hybrids were generated from human monocyte-derived DCs and human cancer-cell lines (GT3TKB, lung cancer; GCIY, gastric cancer) by our newly developed electrofusion technique, established and refined with the use of mouse cells. To evaluate the capacity of DC-tumor hybrids generated by our method to induce tumor antigen-specific CTLs, we performed a cytotoxic assay and an interferon-gamma release assay using CD8-dominant effector lymphocytes induced by them. DC-tumor hybrids more effectively induced tumor-specific primary T-cell response than did stimulation with DCs co-cultured with irradiated tumor cells overnight, irradiated tumor cells alone, or a mixture of DCs and irradiated tumor cells. DC-tumor hybrids were generated at a high fusion rate by our electrofusion technique. When CTLs were induced by DC-tumor hybrids in vitro, the high fusion rate did not contribute to the induction of CTLs with increased tumor-specific cytotoxicity. The addition of interleukin-12 to the culture medium did not augment the cytotoxicity of CTLs. Overall, our results suggest that DC-tumor hybrids effectively induce human tumor-specific CTLs and may thus be applicable for clinical trials of adoptive immunotherapy.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/uso terapêutico , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/imunologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/imunologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia , Adenocarcinoma/imunologia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Fusão Celular , Humanos , Células Híbridas/imunologia , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Interleucina-12/farmacologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
5.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho ; 31(11): 1797-9, 2004 Oct.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15553719

RESUMO

In tumor immunotherapy, there were several reports of attempts to induce anti-tumor immunity by fusion hybrid cells generated with dendritic and tumor cells. One of them reported that vaccination of hybrid cells resulted in a remarkable reduction of tumor cells in a lab mouse experiment. In our study, fusion cells were generated successfully with human matured dendritic and human gastric cancer cells by electrofusion technique and employed to induce CTLs. The evaluated fusion rate was 47.8% by FACS analysis. We tried to induce CTLs by co culture of effector and stimulator cells in the presence of IL-2, IL-7 and IL-12 for 4 weeks. Although it was not statistically significant in tumor cytotoxic assay, effector cells induced by the fusion cells as stimulator cells showed a few cytotoxic responses in an immunological tumor specific manner. Our data suggest that fusion hybrid cells may facilitate stimulation and expansion of tumor-specific T cells, but further investigation is required for clinical application of fusion cells in adoptive immunotherapy.


Assuntos
Fusão Celular/métodos , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/imunologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia , Vacinas Anticâncer , Humanos , Células Híbridas/imunologia , Interleucina-12/análise , Interleucina-2/análise , Interleucina-7/análise , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/imunologia
6.
J Am Coll Nutr ; 23(6): 748S-50S, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15637227

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Homeostatic mechanisms keep plasma mineral concentrations largely unchangeable, and are not always reflective of the nutritional status. For that reason, nutritional assessment is difficult and another biological index may be of value. Recently, improvement of measuring instruments has permitted more accurate measurement of trace and ultra trace elements. METHODS: A new determination method for trace and ultra trace elements in rat plasma, that uses an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS Elan-6000, Perkin Elmer, Co., USA) without pre-treatment has enabled study of basic data of ultra trace element concentrations for the first time. RESULTS: The effect of low magnesium (Mg) intake, as compared with the effect of a normal diet, status of 10 trace and ultra trace element status was studied in 12 young male Wistar rats (3-weeks-old), divided into two groups and fed a normal diet or low Mg diet for 4 weeks. The plasma was diluted with ultra pure water (TAMAPURE-AA: Tama Chemical Co., Japan). Ten trace and ultra trace element (As: 75, Se: 82, Rb: 85, Sr: 87, Mo: 95, Ba: 137, Ta: 181, Ir: 193, Au: 197, Pb: 208) concentrations in the plasma were measured with ICP-MS Elan 6000. As, Rb, Sr, Ta, Ir and Au concentrations were significantly high in the plasma of low Mg rats, compared to levels in rats fed normal diets. Essentiality for mammals has been certified for Se, Rb, Mo, As and Pb, but not yet for Sr, Ba, Au, Ir and Ta. CONCLUSIONS: These results prove that trace and ultra trace element concentrations in plasma are changeable by nutritional conditions, and suggest that new physiological functions may be found for these elements, and that they may be proved to be essential for mammals.


Assuntos
Deficiência de Magnésio/sangue , Magnésio/administração & dosagem , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Oligoelementos/sangue , Animais , Masculino , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
7.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) ; 49(1): 69-72, 2003 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12882399

RESUMO

We investigated the vitamin A status and beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase activity in hairless mice with UV exposure to assess the regulation of vitamin A metabolism after UV irradiation. HR-1 hairless mice were irradiated with UV at 3 J/cm2 for 5 d. After UV irradiation, the mice were sacrificed and samples were obtained to analyze the retinoid concentration, expression of RXR-alpha, and beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase activity. After UV exposure, the skin retinoid concentration was significantly lower as well as the expression of RXR-alpha. Higher skin beta-carotene dioxygenase activity was observed in the UV group as compared to the control group. We found no significant differences in the alpha-tocopherol concentration or acrolein levels in the skins of the two groups. In conclusion, the elevation of beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase activity in hairless mice after UV exposure may be a response to reduction of the skin retinoid concentration.


Assuntos
Oxigenases/metabolismo , Retinoides/análise , Pele/enzimologia , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Raios Ultravioleta , Animais , Western Blotting , Fígado/química , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Pelados , Receptores do Ácido Retinoico/análise , Receptores X de Retinoides , Retinoides/sangue , Pele/química , Fatores de Transcrição/análise , alfa-Tocoferol/análise , beta-Caroteno 15,15'-Mono-Oxigenase
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