Investigation of diabetes-related molecular changes in embryo-endometrium crosstalk.

The primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of diabetes on matrix metalloproteases and tissue inhibitors, crucial factors for successful implantation, and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that undergo changes in the endometrium and the embryo during diabetic pregnancies. In this investigation, we established a streptozotocin-induced diabetic pregnant rat model. Microarray analysis followed by RT-PCR was utilized to identify gene regions exhibiting expression alterations. Subsequently, we assessed the effects of MMPs and tissue inhibitors using ELISA and immunohistochemistry techniques, in addition to analyzing changes at the genetic level. Diabetes led to the upregulation of MMP3, MMP9, and MMP20 on the 6.5th day of pregnancy, while causing the downregulation of MMP3, MMP9, and MMP11 on the 8.5th day of pregnancy. TIMP1 expression was downregulated on the 8.5th day compared to the control group. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding other TIMP expressions. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that diabetes induced alterations in the expression of genes associated with certain microRNAs, as well as signaling pathways such as cAMP, calcium, BMP, p53, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Jak-STAT, Hippo, Wnt, and TNF. Additionally, gene ontology analysis unveiled changes in membrane structures, extracellular matrix, signaling pathways, ion binding, protein binding, cell adhesion molecule binding, and receptor-ligand activity. This study serves as a valuable guide for investigating the mechanisms responsible for complications in diabetic pregnancies. By revealing the early-stage effects of diabetes, it offers insight into the development of new diagnostic and treatment approaches, ultimately contributing to improved patient care.

Bryonia multiflora Extract Induces Autophagy via Regulating Long Non-coding RNAs in Breast Cancer Cells.

Bryonia multiflora, one of the species of Bryonia L. (Cucurbitaceae) genus, is a perennial, dioecious, herbaceous plant with rhizome-shaped roots. Bryonia species have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, etc., activities and their components consume antitumoral effects. Purpose of the study to investigate the effect of Bryonia Multiflora extract (BMST) on breast cancer cells. Our results revealed that MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells underwent significant morphological changes leading to cell rounding. No significant changes were observed in the cell viability by MTT. Acridine orange staining of our cells gave rise to think that BMST might lead our cells to autophagy. Therefore, possible molecular mechanisms underlying morphological changes such as autophagy (LC-3B, Beclin, AMBRA1) and apoptosis (Bcl-2) were evaluated on mRNA and protein levels. BMST treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells had increased levels of autophagy markers whereas decreased levels of Bcl-2. p21 levels were also found to be increased in both cells. Analysis of lncRNA expressions has shown that BMST treatment led to changes in the expression levels of several lncRNAs playing roles in autophagy. The current study has shown that BMST induces autophagy in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells via regulating the lncRNAs revealing that BMST could be a promising therapeutic agent.