[The utility of single-incision retrograde surgery for the infection preauricular fistula].

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of the single-incision retrograde surgery（SIRS） of the infection preauricular fistula. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed from April 2016 to May 2021. In the observation group, there were 15 cases of infected preauricular fistula using single-incision retrograde surgical excision. Twenty-four infected preauricular fistulas by double-incision surgery（fistula and infection incisions） were selected as the control group. The recurrence rates, wound healing scores, and scar assessment were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in recurrence rate and incision healing between groups（P>0.05）, and the preserved fistula in SIRS group were good without infection recurrence. Moreover, The scar score and the surgical wound in SIRS group were better than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:The single-incision retrograde surgery is an effective method of treating infected preauricular fistulas with fewer wounds and fewer scars.

How perceived school culture relates to work engagement among primary and secondary school teachers? Roles of affective empathy and job tenure.

Evidence suggests that perceived school culture is the most powerful predictor of teachers' work performance. However, studies to date have paid little attention to the potential mechanisms behind this association. On the basis of the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, the present study explored the mediating role of affective empathy and the moderating role of job tenure in the association between perceived school culture and teachers' work engagement. 647 primary and secondary school teachers completed questionnaires measuring perceived school culture, affective empathy, and work engagement. After gender and educational level were included as covariates, the results showed that perceived school culture positively correlated with teachers' work engagement, and more importantly, this association was partially mediated by affective empathy. In addition, job tenure significantly moderated the direct association between perceived school culture and work engagement. Specifically, there was a stronger association between perceived school culture and work engagement for teachers with shorter job tenure than those with longer job tenure. The findings suggested the direct effect of perceived school culture on work engagement, and the indirect effect of perceived school culture on work engagement through the mediating role of affective empathy. These findings enrich our understanding of how perceived school culture associates with work engagement, and highlight the moderating role of job tenure in the direct association between perceived school culture and work engagement.

Effect of skill proficiency on motor imagery ability between amateur dancers and non-dancers.

Evidence has shown that athletes with high motor skill proficiency possess higher motor imagery ability than those with low motor skill proficiency. However, less is known whether this superiority in motor imagery ability emerges over amateur athletes. To address the issue, the present study aimed to investigate the individual differences in motor imagery ability between amateur dancers and non-dancers. Forty participants completed a novel dance movement reproduction task and measures of the vividness of visual imagery questionnaire (VVIQ) and the vividness of motor imagery questionnaire (VMIQ). The results showed that, relative to non-dancers, amateur dancers had higher ability of motor imagery to reproduce the lower-limb and upper-limb dance movements during the dance movement reproduction task. Besides, amateur dancers displayed higher abilities of the visual motor imagery and the kinesthetic imagery, but comparable visual imagery ability as the non-dancers. These findings suggest that the mental representation of motors but not the visual is affected by the motor skill levels, due to the motor imagery practice in sports amateurs.