RESUMO
A new species of Amphisbaena is described from the Brazilian Amazon, within the area impacted by the Teles Pires hydroelectric power plant, Jacareacanga municipality, State of Pará. Amphisbaena hoogmoedi sp. nov. can be diagnosed from its congeners by the following combination of characters: snout convex in profile view, sligthly compressed not keeled; pectoral scales arranged in regular annuli; conspicuous autotomic site between 7th-8th caudal annuli; 247-252 dorsal half-annuli; 27 caudal annuli; tail length 9.5-10.4% of snoutvent length; four precloacal pores arranged in sequence; three supralabials; a rounded tail; 22-24 dorsal segments in midbody annulus; postmalar row absent; head length 2.1-2.9% of snout-vent length; prefrontals length 46.6-49.5% of head length; prefrontals suture length 38-44.6% of head length; small malar length 10.6-13.4% of ventral length of head ; second infralabial length 33.8-38.5% of head length; ventral length of head 2.7-2.9% of snout-vent length; mouth length 80.2-81.8% of head length; third infralabial length 16.4-19.6% of head length; snout length 62.5-78.6% of head length; ocular length 23.4-26.2% of head length; mental length 23.2-25.4% of ventral length of head; postmental length 27.2-31.3% of ventral length of head; frontals suture length 23.4-32.3% of head length; postocular width 25-31.9% of maximun width of head; first supralabial length 24.9-30.6% of head length; second supralabial length 27.7-30% of head length and second supralabial height 26.9-28.8% of maximun head height. The hemipenis is bilobed, capitate and with lateral lamellae on the lobes; with a centrally-positioned spermatic groove, bifurcated at the base of the lobes, and with each branch extending to the tip of organ.
Assuntos
Lagartos , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Brasil , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , EspermatozoidesRESUMO
Gymnophthalmus represents a challenging group for systematics of microteiid lizards. Due to scarcity of exemplars and molecular data, the taxonomy of the genus has been unstable, and six of its eight species are considered part of a poorly-delimited complex of unisexual and bisexual species. Unnamed populations of red-tailed Gymnophthalmus from savanna enclaves in Amazon, similar to G. vanzoi but with differences in color pattern, have been noted in the literature. Here, we used molecular and morphological data to test the taxonomic status of the Central Amazonian red-tailed Gymnophthalmus (G. sp.). Our molecular analysis recovered a close relationship between G. vanzoi and G. sp. from Central Amazon, with minimal divergence. Samples were similar in scale counts but presented significant variation in color pattern and morphometry. Despite the geographic isolation, individuals of both populations cannot be fully differentiated based on morphology. Thus, our results suggest that G. vanzoi has a wider distribution, including the Central Amazonian red-tailed Gymnophthalmus and likely morphologically similar populations from other enclaves of Amazonian savannas, which may have been isolated recently. Based on our comparative analysis, we highlight some characters proved useful for differentiating Brazilian Gymnophthalmus and discuss some prospects for the taxonomy of the genus.
Assuntos
Pradaria , Lagartos , Animais , Brasil , Perciformes , SerpentesRESUMO
To date, 22 species of amphisbaenids have been recorded at Brazilian Amazon (Ribeiro et al. 2008), six of them are small and have two pre-cloacal pores (Hoogmoed & Ávila-Pires 1991; Teixeira Jr. et al. 2014). Most of these species have narrow distributions, and its biology and phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood (Hoogmoed & Ávila-Pires 1991). Amphisbaena mitchelli Procter, 1923 and A. miringoera Vanzolini, 1971 share several morphological similarities that could reflect phylogenetic relatedness (Vanzolini 1971). Both have two pre-cloacal pores and a similar pattern of head scutelation, but whereas the first has 193-220 and 26-29 body and tail annuli, respectively, the latter has 250-264 and 22-24 (Vanzolini 1971).