In vitro preconditioning of equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells with prostaglandin E2, substance P and their combination changes the cellular protein secretomics and improves their immunomodulatory competence without compromising stemness.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are modern tools in regenerative therapies of humans and animals owed to their immunomodulatory properties, which are activated in a pro-inflammatory environment. Different preconditioning strategies had been devised to enhance the immunomodulatory properties of MSC. In this research, we evaluated the immunological attributes of equine adipose MSC (eAMSC) before and after preconditioning in vitro with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), substance P (SP), their combination and IFNγ. PGE2/SP was the best combination to keep or enhance the mesodermal lineage differentiation of eAMSC. Alongside with this, preconditioning of eMSC with PGE2 and SP did not affect expression of stemness MSC surface phenotype: CD90+, CD44+, MHC class I+, MHC class II- and CD45-, assessed by cytometry. Both naïve and preconditioned eAMSC expressed genes related with immune properties, such as MHC-I, PTGES, IL6, IL1A, TNFα and IL8 assessed by qPCR. Only TNFα was under expressed in treated cells, while the other markers were either overexpressed or not changed. In no cases MHC-II expression was detected. The antiproliferative effect of preconditioned eAMSC exposed to activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed that SP treatment significantly inhibited proliferation of LPS stimulated PBMC. When eAMSC were stimulated with Poly I:C, all the treatments significantly inhibited proliferation of stimulated PBMC (p < 0.05). Direct contact (coculture) between the preconditioned eAMSC and PBMC, induced a shift of significantly more (CD4/CD25/FOXP3)+ T-regulatory PBMC than naïve eAMSC. In the experiments of this research, we investigated the secreted proteomic profile of naïve and preconditioned eAMSC, 42 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated proteins were found in the proteomic assay. Our proteomic data revealed profound changes in the secretory pattern of MSC exposed to different treatments, compared to naïve eAMSC as well as among treatments. In overall, compared to naïve cells, the protein profile of preconditioned cells resembled the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Here we showed that the combined use of PGE2 and SP provoked in overall the highest expression of anti-inflammatory markers as well as lead to an increased acquisition of a T-regulatory phenotype in preconditioned eAMSC without affecting their "stemness".

Resección abdómino-perineal laparoscópica (experiencia inicial) / Abdomino-perineal laparoscopic resection (initial experience)

Antecedentes: el tratamiento laparoscópico del cáncer colorrectal plantea controversias desde el punto de vista de la cirugía oncológica. El rol de esta vía de abordaje en estos pacientes se mantiene bajo debate. Objetivos: evaluar factibilidad, seguridad y resultados en una serie inicial de resecciones abdómino-perineales laparoscópicas. Lugar de aplicación: Servicio de Cirugía General de Hospital Privado afiliado a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Diseño: estudio clínico observacional retrospectivo. Población: 12 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por cáncer de recto en los que se realizó resección abdómino-perineal laparoscópica, diciembre de 1994 y julio de 2002. Métodos: se analizan la técnica quirúrgica, el tiempo operatorio, las complicaciones intra operatorias y postoperatorias, la estadía hospitalaria y el seguimiento oncológico de cada paciente. Resultados: el tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 165 minutos. No hubo conversiones. Como complicaciones intraoperatorias registramos un caso de lesión vesical y enterotomía. El promedio de hospitalización fue de 7.6 días. El seguimiento máximo fue de 4 años y el mínimo de 1 mes y durante el mismo se constató una recurrencia loco-regional sin implantes en sitio de trócares. La mortalidad operatoria fue del 8.3 por ciento. Conclusiones: la resección abdómino-perineal laparoscópica por cáncer de recto es factible. Las ventajas del abordaje mininvasivo representadas por la menor alteración del status inmunológico, disminución de la morbilidad como así también el mayor confort postoperatorio la hacen una alternativa válida frente a la cirugía convencional

Megacolon tóxico por Shigella: aporte de un nuevo caso / Toxic megacolon due to Shigella: a report of a new case

A new case of Shigella-caused megacolon is described in detailed form. Some considerations are made about frequency, pathology, clinic and prognostic features

[Toxic megacolon due to Shigella: a report of a new case]. / Megacolon tóxico por Shigella: aporte de un nuevo caso.

A new case of Shigella-caused megacolon is described in detailed form. Some considerations are made about frequency, pathology, clinic and prognostic features.