[Biogenic amines in the differential diagnosis of erythrocytes]. / Biogennye aminy v differentsial'noi diagnostike éritrotsitov.

Free histamine (FH) and free serotonin (FS) were studied fluorometrically in blood serum of 26 patients with genuine polycythemia (GP), 52 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) associated with secondary erythrocytosis (SE) and 29 healthy subjects. On the grounds of the results of the study criteria of GP and COB-related SE were suggested. Diagnosis of GP can be considered valid if content of FH is no more than 3.1 times, FS content no less than 3 times and FH/FS ratio is no more than 2.65 times as much as normal. Levels of FH and FS and FH/FS ratio in SE related to COB are characterized by 4-fold and more, 2.9 and less and 4.64 and more increase respectively.

[The flow cytometry of lymphocyte deoxyribonucleic acid in chronic lympholeukemia]. / Protochnaia tsitometriia dezoksiribonukleinovoi kisloty limfotsitov pri khronicheskom lemfoleikoze.

A study of 140 patients with B-cell chronic lympoheucosis using flow cytometry of DNA of lymphocytes evidences an interrelation between the severity of the clinical course of the disease and state of lymphocyte DNA. The authors propose to distinguish 2 variants of chronic lympholeucosis: accumulative and proliferative. In the former DNA ploidy and kinetics of tumour lymphocytes did not differ from that in the healthy; in the latter--progression of the disease depended on S-phase lymphocyte contact. Progression of the severity of chronic lympholeucosis is accompanied by marked increase of polyploid cell in the S-phase that may be a criterion for early diagnosis of malignant transformation of chronic lympholeucosis.

[A flow cytometric study of the effect of chemotherapy on the lymphocyte population composition in chronic lympholeukemia]. / Protochno-tsitometricheskoe issledovanie vliianiia khimioterapii na populiatsionnyi sostav limfotsitov pri khronicheskom limfoleikoze.

Results are described of a study of the population and subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in the course of use monochemotherapy (MTS) and polychemotherapy (PCT) in 60 patients with the tumorous form of B-cell chronic lympholeucosis using flow cytometric analysis. It was shown that cytostatic treatment in this form of hemoblastosis results in a reduction of the absolute number of B-lymphocytes due to reduction of general hemocytosis while the relative content of B-cells remained unchanged in MCT and is increased in PCT. A prolonged scheme of PCT is recommended for clinical use that possesses a distinct antitumour effect as compared with MCT and producing a significantly smaller immunosuppressive effect on the T-cell immune system that other schemes of cytostatic therapy.

[Natural killer activity--an index of treatment efficacy in patients with acute leukemia]. / Aktivnost' estestvennykh killerov--pokazatel' éffektivnosti lecheniia bol'nykh ostrym leikozom.

Treatment results were analyzed in 60 patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leucosis. In 30 patients treatment was carried out with consideration of sensitivity of blast cells to chemotherapeutic agents, in 30 polychemotherapy programs were used. Results indicate that individual choice of agents produced a large number of complete clinico-hematological remissions. In 50% of patients with clinico-hematological improvement natural killers were found in the blood and they showed activity after a course of selected treatment.

[The comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of lymphosarcoma of the pharynx]. / Kompleksnaia diagnostika i lechenie limfosarkomy glotki.

Modern methods (intrascopic and other instrumental) were used to increase the diagnostic efficiency and extension of the tumour process in 22 patients with lymphosarcoma of the pharynx. Optimal treatment efficacy is achieved in lymphosarcoma of the pharynx by combined use of surgical, radiation (non-traditional course) treatment as well as chemotherapy which is used at early stages as an adjunctive method.

[The characteristics of the humoral interaction of lymphocytes with neutrophilic granulocytes of the peripheral blood in patients with chronic lympholeukemia under the influence of Proper-Myl]. / Osobennosti gumoral'nogo vzaimodeistviia limfotsitov s neitrofil'nymi granulotsitami perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh khronicheskim limfoleikozom pod vliianiem proper-mila.

A study of 32 patients with chronic lympholeucosis (CL) revealed a reduction of the number of phagocytosing neutrophil granulocytes and a reduction of production of humoral mediators by lymphocytes that stimulated the phagocytic function of granulocytes. It is shown that treatment by usually used cytostatic agents did not essentially effect the investigated values. Inclusion of proper-myl in the treatment course of patients with chronic lympholeucosis furthered increase of the number of phagocytosing neutrophil granulocytes and an increased production of humoral mediator stimulating the phagocytic activity of granulocytes.

[The effect of immunocorrective therapy on immunity in patients with idiopathic autoimmune cytopenias]. / Vliianie immunokorrigiruiushchei terapii na sostoianie immuniteta u bol'nykh idiopaticheskimi autoimmunnymi tsitopeniiami.

The author studied the effect of immunostimulating (thymalin) and immunodepressive agents (glucocorticoids) on the state of the immune system in 25 patients with idiopathic autoimmune cytopenias. It was established that the treatment favoured correction of disorders of the immune system characteristic of this kind of pathology. The proposed scheme is recommended for clinical employment in patients with idiopathic autoimmune cytopenias.

[Biochemiluminescence in the early differential diagnosis of infectious-inflammatory diseases and acute leukemia]. / Biokhemiliuminestsentsiia v rannei differentsial'noi diagnostike infektsionno-vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii i ostrykh leikozov.

Spontaneous and induced biochemiluminescence (BCL) of blood plasma and hemolysate of erythrocytes was studied in 563 patients with infectious-inflammatory diseases with leukemoid reactions of lymphatic and myeloid type. It was established that infectious-inflammatory diseases are characterized by an increase of induced BCL of blood plasma and erythrocyte hemolysate. Revealed were 11 persons with low values of spontaneous and induced BCL; 10 of them showed later clinico-hematological symptoms of acute leucosis. It is concluded that the use of BCL for differential diagnosis of leucemoid reactions in infectious-inflammatory diseases and acute leucoses is of importance.

[Circulating immune complexes and neutrophilic phagocytic function in patients with idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura]. / Tsirkuliruiushchie immunnye kompleksy i fagotsitarnaia funktsiia neitrofilov u bol'nykh idiopaticheskoi autoimmunnoi trombotsitopenicheskoi purpuroi.

The concentration of circulating immune complexes, serum immunoglobulins and state of phagocytic function of neutrophils was studied in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. The patients showed a significant increase of the levels of circulating immune complexes, content of Ig M and Ig G, an increase of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils at the stage of migration, adhesion and absorption of the heterogeneous. The revealed disorders of phagocytic function and destruction of granulocytes at the stage of digestion may be explained by increased load on the phagocytic neutrophils due to the main pathologic process.

[NAD- and NADP-diaphorase activity in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with the B-cell variant of chronic lympholeukemia]. / Aktivnost' NAD- i NADP-diaforaz v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh B-kletochnym variantom khronicheskogo limfoleikoza.

The authors studied the cytotoxic function, activity of NAD- and NADP-diaphorases in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in 57 patients with B-cellular variant of chronic lympholeukoses and found a significant reduction of the natural killer activity of lymphocytes, increased activity of NADP-diaphorase. Reduction of natural killer activity in patients with B-cell variant of chronic lympholeukoses did not depend on the activity of membrane diaphorases in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

[The therapeutic procedure in autoimmune thrombocytopenia in relation to the immunoglobulin specificity of the antithrombocytic autoantibodies]. / Terapevticheskaia taktika pri autoimmunnoi trombotsitopenii v zavisimosti ot immunoglobulinovoi spetsifichnosti antitrombotsitarnykh autoantitel.

The author studied dependence of choice of therapeutic tactics on the immunoglobulin specificity of antithrombocytic autoantibodies in patients with idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. It was found that in case of detection of antithrombocytic autoantibodies with a IgG specificity the patients are more sensitive to the treatment with glucocorticoids. In case of detection of IgM antithrombocytic autoantibodies, splenectomy at early stages of the disease is more effective.

[The chemical element content of the erythrocytes in polycythemia vera]. / Soderzhanie khimicheskikh élementov v éritrotsitakh pri istinnoi politsitemii.

A study is presented of the content of physiologically active erythrocytic microelements (iron, copper, manganese, cobalt and zinc) in erythrocytes of the peripheral venous blood in patients with polycythemia vera. It was found that in polycythemia vera the manganese and zinc in erythrocytes showed disturbances. These changes indicate the neoplastic character of proliferation of bone marrow in polycythemia vera. The changes are of compensatory-adaptative character and reflect the state of homeostasis in polycythemia vera.

[Differential diagnostic criteria of blast cells in the peripheral blood in acute myeloid leukemias]. / Differentsial'no-diagnosticheskie kriterii blastnykh kletok perifericheskoi krovi pri ostrykh mieloidnykh leikozakh.

The authors present their data on results of an investigation of blast cells including morphocytochemical examination, determination of the presence of receptors to Fc-fragments of Ig, to C3 component of the complement. Criteria were obtained permitting to differentiate myeloid forms of acute leukosis.

[Myeloperoxidase deficiency of the peripheral blood neutrophils and the incidence of infectious complications in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia]. / Defitsit mieloperoksidazy neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi i chastota infektsionnykh oslozhnenii u bol'nykh ostrym mieloblastnym leikozom.

The myeloperoxidase activity of polymorphonuclear peripheral blood neutrophils was studied in 60 patients with acute myeloblastic leucosis. It was established that patients with low peroxidase activity, frequency of infectious complications was 3.7 times higher than in patients with normal peroxidase activity. Hence, reduced myeloperoxidase activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in acute myeloblastic leucosis causes a decrease of the bactericidal activity of the cells.

[Effect of prodigiozan on the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of neutrophils in chronic myeloid leukemia]. / Vliianie prodigiozana na antitelozavisimuiu tsitotoksichnost' neitrofilov pri khronicheskom mieloidnom leikoze.

Decreased levels of neutrophils, Fc- and C3-expressing receptors, oxygen-dependent metabolism as well as antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of these cells to target cells were identified in advanced chronic myeloid leukemia, particularly, in blast crisis. Treatment with cytostatic agents resulted in further decrease in said parameters. However, treatment with prodigiozan was followed by improvement in cell functioning.

[Myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophils and the frequency of emergence of infectious complications in myeloproliferative disorders]. / Aktivnost' mieloperoksidazy neitrofilov i chastota vozniknoveniia infektsionnykh oslozhnenii pri mieloproliferativnykh zavolevaniiakh.

Myeloperoxidase activity in segmented neutrophils has been assessed in peripheral blood of 122 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). For each MPD entity there appeared a definite relationship between hypoactivity of the enzyme and enhanced incidence of infectious complications.