[Effect of aluminum and iron on lipid metabolism in aquatic invertebrates].

Methods of thin-layer, gas-liquid, and liquid chromatography were applied to the study of the effect of various concentrations of aluminum and iron salts on the contents of phospholipids, cholesterol, and fatty acids in the aquatic invertebrate Hydropsyche contubernalis L. (Trichoptera). It was found that the effect of the metals under study on lipid contents in living organisms depended on the composition of the aqueous medium and concentrations of the metals. Aluminum and iron altered the value of the cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio. In the absence of lethal effects, this was indicative of attempts to switch adaptational biochemical mechanisms to stabilize cellular structures.

[Age-related features of cataractogenesis in salmon fry. 3. Age-related dynamics of liver lipid composition during cataractogenesis]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti kararaktogeneza v mal'kovom periode razvitiia semgi.III. Vozrastnaia dinamika lipidnogo sostava pecheni pri kataraktogeneze.

When studying the cataract pathogenesis in salmon fry, we found changes in the content of individual; phospholipid fractions and fatty acid composition in the liver of diseased and healthy fish. The age-related changes correlated with the increased antioxidant activity and decreased liver content of malondialdehyde.

[Age-related characteristics of cataractogenesis in salmon fry. II. Biochemical characteristics of eye lens during cataractogenesis]. / Vosrastnye osobennosti kataraktogeneza v mal'kovom periode razvitiia semgi. II. Biokhimicheskie osobennosti khrustalika pri kataraktogeneze.

We studied biochemical features of the lipid and phospholipid composition and patter of fatty acid spectra in lenses of one and two year old salmons bearing cataracts. The lipid complex of lenses of diseased fish underwent significant changes. Cataractogenesis was accompanied by enhanced free radical oxidation and accumulation of malone dialdehyde in lenses of salmons of various age. The intensification of oxidative processes was synchronized with the decreased level of antioxidant protection (reduced glutathione, vitamins A and E). The activity of Ca(2+)-dependent proteolytic enzymes in lenses was determined and its decrease in the case of cataract was shown.

[Age-related features of cataractogenesis in salmon fry. I. Lipid composition of the lens in normal development]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti kataraktogeneza v mal'kovom periode razvitiia semgi. I. Lipidnyi sostav khrustalikov v normal'nom razvitii.

This papers opens a series of publications on the mechanisms of cataractogenesis in the salmon fry. Biochemical features of normal lens development and cataractogenesis in fry of different age and age-related dynamics of the liver lipid composition during upon cataractogenesis will be dealt with, since lipids are most intensely synthesized in the liver, from where they are transported in the lens. Here, we describe the dynamics of lens lipid composition in the salmon fry, including the total lipid content and dynamics of individual classes. The data are analyzed on the fatty acid spectrum of the salmon fry lens, as compared to the human lens.

[Adaptive changes in fatty acid compositions of whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. tissue lipids induced by anthropogenic factors]. / Adaptatsionnye izmeneniia v spektrakh zhirnykh kislot tkanevykh lipidov siga Coregonus lavaretus L. pri vliianii antropogennykh nagruzok.

Adaptive processes in the body of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) caused by anthropogenic effects on aquatic systems were studied. It was demonstrated that the content of fatty acid acyls correlated with the water pollution level. The role of a decrease in the content of arachidonic acid in fish reproduction under adverse conditions is discussed. It is underlined that the quantitative alterations in the gonad and liver fatty acid patterns are unidirectional. A compensatory character of the changes discovered is hypothesized.

[Changes in the lipid composition of salmon liver and eye lens in cataracts]. / Izmeneniia lipidnogo sostava pecheni i khrustalikov glaz semgi pri katarakte.

The study of pathogenesis of cataract in salmon yearlings revealed changes in certain fractions of phospholipids and fatty acids in the eye lens and liver of specimens with and without cataract. The level of malonic dialdehyde in these tissues was increased, indicating an increased rate of lipid peroxidation.