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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between an increase in waist circumference (WC) after 1 year and self-reported chewing status in 10,870 Japanese adults who had received health checkups. Subsequently, 8068 participants were included in the final analysis. METHODS: We defined an increase in WC ≥ 5 cm after 1 year as an unhealthy increase; in total, 613 (7.5%) respondents met this criterion. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire at baseline; 1080 (13%) respondents were diagnosed with poor chewing status. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, gender, WC, body mass index (BMI), and chewing status, an increase in WC ≥ 5 cm was found to be positively associated with gender (females: odds ratios [ORs]: 1.206; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.008-1.443), WC (ORs: 0.967; 95% CIs: 0.954-0.981), BMI (≥25 kg/m2; ORs: 2.194; 95% CIs: 1.715-2.808), and chewing status (poor; ORs: 1.356; 95% CIs: 1.084-1.697). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that increased WC after 1 year was associated with self-reported poor chewing status in Japanese adults.
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Predictive factors associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were examined in 3409 Japanese older people aged ≥ 75 years who had undergone a dental checkup in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Participants with normal swallowing function in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed for 2 years. Swallowing function was assessed using a repetitive saliva swallowing test. In our study, 429 participants (13%) who were swallowing less than three times in 30 s based on a repetitive saliva swallowing test after 2 years were diagnosed as those with decline in swallowing function. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the decline in swallowing function after 2 years was associated with the male gender (odds ratio [ORs]: 0.772; 95% confidence interval [CIs]: 0.615-0.969), age ≥ 81 years (presence; ORs: 1.523; 95% CIs: 1.224-1.895), support/care-need certification (presence; ORs: 1.815; 95% CIs: 1.361-2.394), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm (presence; ORs: 1.469; 95% CIs: 1.163-1.856), difficulty in biting hard food (yes; ORs: 1.439; 95% CIs: 1.145-1.808), choking on tea and water (yes; ORs: 2.543; 95% CIs: 2.025-3.193), and dry mouth (yes; ORs: 1.316; 95% CIs: 1.052-1.646) at baseline. Therefore, the dental checkup items associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were a PPD ≥ 4 mm, difficulty in biting hard food, choking on tea and water, and dry mouth. PPD status and confirming to the self-administered questionnaire about biting, choking, and dry mouth may be useful in predicting future decline in swallowing function.
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Deglutição , Humanos , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Japão , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Deglutição/fisiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição , Fatores de Risco , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
The relationship between oral functions and dementia was examined in 7384 older adults (age ≥ 75 years) who visited a dental clinic in Gifu, Japan. Participants without dementia in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed until March 2021. As oral functions, chewing function, tongue and lip function, and swallowing function were assessed by self-administered questionnaire, by oral diadochokinesis test, and by repetitive saliva swallowing test, respectively. The presence of systemic diseases was based on data obtained from the National Database of Health Insurance of Japan. At follow-up, 415 (6%) participants were diagnosed with dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the presence of dementia at follow-up was associated with female (odds ratio [OR] 1.386; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.117-1.719), age (OR 1.078; CI 1.056-1.101), regular dental checkups (absence; OR 1.452; CI 1.180-1.788), brushing frequency ≥ twice/day (absence; OR 1.510; CI 1.194-1.911), decayed teeth (presence; OR 1.328; CI 1.071-1.648), swallowing function (poor; OR 1.484; CI 1.135-1.939) at baseline. It was found that poor swallowing function was associated with the future onset of dementia.
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Transtornos de Deglutição , Demência , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Japão/epidemiologia , Deglutição , Escovação Dentária , Demência/epidemiologia , Saúde BucalRESUMO
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a cause of gastric disorders and is treated mainly by pharmacotherapy with antimicrobial agents. An association has been reported between dental caries and H. pylori infection. As antimicrobial agents are less effective inside dental caries because of impaired blood circulation, the presence of untreated dental caries (decayed teeth) may influence the success of H. pylori eradication treatment. In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether failed eradication of H. pylori was associated with decayed teeth in Japanese adults. Enrolled were 226 participants who received dental checkups among those treated for eradication of H. pylori at Asahi University Hospital between April 2019 and March 2021. Treatment efficacy was assessed by urea breath test. Eradication failed in 38 participants (17%), decayed teeth in 32 participants (14%), and number of 0.34 teeth per participants. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that failed eradication of H. pylori was associated with decayed teeth (presence: odds ratio, 2.672; 95% confidence interval, 1.093-6.531) after adjusting for gender, age, and brushing frequency. These results indicate that failed eradication of H. pylori was associated with decayed teeth and suggest that untreated dental caries may impact treatment for eradication of H. pylori.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Cárie Dentária , Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Adulto , Humanos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Japão/epidemiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Claritromicina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded as a key etiological factor for periodontitis. The emergence and persistence of oral dysbiosis have been demonstrated to mediate inflammatory pathology locally and at distant sites. The heightened inflammation observed in oral dysbiosis is dependent upon the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by various innate and adaptive immune cells. IL-17A has been found to play a significant role in host defense mechanisms by inducing antibacterial peptides, recruiting neutrophils, and promoting local inflammation via cytokines and chemokines. This review seeks to present the current knowledge on oral dysbiosis and its prevention, as well as the underlying role of IL-17A in periodontitis induced by oral dysbiosis and its impact on systemic inflammatory disease.
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Some studies have reported a significant association between periodontal condition and obesity status. We hypothesized that visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) volumes might be correlated with periodontal condition. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between periodontal condition and fat distribution in Japanese adults. A total of 158 participants, aged 35-74 years, underwent a health check-up including fat distribution and oral examinations. All of the participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging to quantify VFA and SFA. Periodontal condition was evaluated using the periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level. The VFA volumes differed among the PPD score and clinical attachment level (CAL) code groups. On the other hand, no significant differences in SFA volume were observed among different periodontal conditions. Multiple regression analysis showed that VFA was positively correlated with a greater CAL (standardized coefficient ß = 0.123, p = 0.009), but not with a greater PPD score. A larger VFA was positively associated with a greater CAL in Japanese adults, whereas no association was found between SFA and periodontal condition.
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Doenças da Gengiva , Doenças Periodontais , Adulto , Humanos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , População do Leste Asiático , Gordura Intra-Abdominal , Obesidade/complicações , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Doenças Periodontais/complicações , Gordura Subcutânea , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , IdosoRESUMO
The aim was to examine the relationships between oral functions and support/care-need certification in older people aged ≥ 75 years using the National Health Insurance (NHI) database system and data from Kani City, Gifu, Japan. In total, 732 older Japanese people aged ≥ 75 years who did not have support/care-need certification and underwent dental check-ups in Kani City in 2017 were followed up until 2020. Chewing state, tongue and lip function, and swallowing function were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire, an oral diadochokinesis test, and a repetitive saliva-swallowing test, respectively. The presence or absence of systemic diseases and of support/care-need certification was based on data collected by the NHI database. At follow up, 121 (17%) participants had support/care-need certification. The participants with support/care-need certification included more women (p < 0.001) and older people (p < 0.001); and had more hypertension (p = 0.003), musculoskeletal disorders (p < 0.001), pneumonia (p = 0.044), poor chewing state (p < 0.001), and poor swallowing function (p = 0.003) than those without support/care-need certification. Furthermore, the presence of support/care-need certification at follow up was associated with sex (woman: odds ratio [OR], 2.120; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.354 to 3.317), age (OR, 1.203; CI, 1.139 to 1.270), chewing state (poor: OR, 2.534; CI, 1.409 to 4.557), and swallowing function (poor: OR, 2.372; CI, 1.248 to 4.510) at baseline. However, tongue and lip function were not associated with support/care-need certification. The results indicate that older Japanese people aged ≥ 75 years with a poor chewing state and poor swallowing function at baseline had a higher risk for support/care-need certification after three years.
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Transtornos de Deglutição , População do Leste Asiático , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Deglutição , Língua , JapãoRESUMO
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is widely known as a cause of gastric disorders. Presence of H. pylori in dental pulp has been reported. Dental caries may influence the presence or absence of systemic H. pylori infection by serving as a source of H. pylori. In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether H. pylori infection in blood were associated with dental caries in Japanese adults. The participants were 752 individuals (513 males and 239 females, mean age 53.8 years) who underwent both H. pylori testing (H. pylori antibody test and pepsinogen test) and dental checkups at the Asahi University Hospital Human Health Center between April 2018 and March 2019. Those diagnosed as positive for H. pylori antibody test or positive for serum pepsinogen test as H. pylori test in the human health checkup were judged as those with H. pylori infection in the blood. In our study, 83 participants (11%) were determined to be infected with H. pylori in the blood. The proportion of those with decayed teeth was higher in participants with H. pylori infection in blood than in those without H. pylori infection in blood (p< 0.001). The logistic analysis showed that presence of H. pylori infection in blood was positively associated with those with decayed teeth (OR, 5.656; 95% CI, 3.374 to 9.479) after adjusting for age, gender, gastric disease, regular dental checkups, antibiotic medication history, and decayed teeth. Furthermore, the proportion of H. pylori infection in blood increased according to number of decayed teeth (p< 0.001). The results indicate that H. pylori infection in blood were associated with decayed teeth. Untreated dental caries may have an impact on systemic H. pylori infection.
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Cárie Dentária , Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Infecções por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pepsinogênio ARESUMO
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between chewing status and fatty liver among Japanese adults. Between April 2018 and March 2021, 450 individuals (352 males, 98 females; mean age 54.7 years) were recruited at the Asahi University Hospital Human Health Center. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Liver/spleen (L/S) attenuation ratio < 0.9 on computed tomography was considered to indicate fatty liver, which was present in 69 participants (15%). Compared with participants without fatty liver, those with fatty liver had higher proportion of 25.0 (kg/m2) ≤ body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), higher serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (p < 0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), higher diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), and lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) (p = 0.011). Significant differences were also found in chewing status (p < 0.001) and eating speed (p = 0.011). Presence of fatty liver was positively associated with BMI (25.0 ≤; odds ratio [OR], 5.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.550−9.992), serum HbA1c (OR, 1.937; 95% CI, 1.280−2.930), and chewing status (poor; OR, 8.912; 95% CI, 4.421−17.966) after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, serum HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum HDL cholesterol, chewing status, and eating speed. Poor chewing status was positively associated with L/S attenuation ratio. These results indicate a positive relationship between poor chewing status and fatty liver diagnosed by L/S attenuation ratio in Japanese adults.
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Fígado Gorduroso , Mastigação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Massa Corporal , HDL-Colesterol , Estudos Transversais , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado Gorduroso/epidemiologia , Hemoglobinas Glicadas , Fatores de Risco , Baço , Triglicerídeos , FígadoRESUMO
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between self-reported chewing status and glycemic control in 30,938 Japanese adults who participated in health checkups. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. We defined high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels as a HbA1c level ≥6.5%; 692 (2.2%) respondents met this criterion. After adjusting for gender, age, smoking status, exercise habits, body mass index and eating speed, high HbA1c levels was found to be associated with male gender (odds ratio (OR), 1.568; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.310 to 1.878; p < 0.001), older age (OR, 1.077; 95% CI, 1.068 to 1.087; p < 0.001), higher body mass index (OR, 1.246; 95% CI, 1.225 to 1.268; p < 0.001), current smoker status (OR, 1.566; 95% CI, 1.303 to 1.882; p < 0.001) and chewing difficulty (OR, 1.302; 95% CI, 1.065 to 1.591; p < 0.05). In conclusion, self-reported chewing difficulty was associated with high HbA1c levels in Japanese adults.
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Controle Glicêmico , Mastigação , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , AutorrelatoRESUMO
The aim of this two-year cohort study was to investigate salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) that predict periodontitis progression. A total of 120 patients who underwent supportive periodontal therapy were recruited. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline. Two years later, 44 patients were followed up (median age, 67.1 years) and divided into two groups: progression group (n = 22), with one or more sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) progression (>3 mm compared with baseline) or tooth extraction due to periodontitis progression; and the control group (n = 22), which did not exhibit CAL progression. In the microarray analysis of salivary miRNAs, hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-4724-3p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-28-5p, hsa-miR-320d, and hsa-miR-31-5p showed fold change values <0.5 or ≥2.0 in the progression group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, areas under the curves of hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were >0.7, indicating fair discrimination power. The expressions of salivary hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were associated with periodontitis progression in patients with chronic periodontitis. These salivary miRNAs may be new biomarkers for progression of periodontitis, and monitoring them may contribute to new diagnostics and precision medicine for periodontitis.
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Periodontite Crônica , MicroRNAs , Idoso , Biomarcadores , Periodontite Crônica/diagnóstico , Periodontite Crônica/genética , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , SalivaRESUMO
Salivary peroxidase and myeloperoxidase are known to display antibacterial activity against oral microbes, and previous indications have pointed to the possibility that horseradish peroxidase (HRP) adsorbs onto the membrane of the major oral streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). However, the mechanism of interaction between HRP and the bacterial cell wall component is unclear. Dental plaques containing salivary glycoproteins and extracellular microbial products are visualized with 'dental plaque disclosing agent', and are controlled within dental therapy. However, current 'dental plaque disclosing agents' are difficult to evaluate with just dental plaques, since they stain and disclose not only dental plaques but also pellicle formed with salivary glycoproteins on a tooth surface. In this present study, we have demonstrated that HRP interacted with the cell wall component of the major gram-positive bacterial peptidoglycan, but not the major cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, we observed that the adsorbed HRP labeled with fluorescence was detected on the major oral gram-positive strains S. sanguinis and Streptococcus salivarius (S. salivarius), but not on a gram-negative strain, Escherichia coli (E. coli). Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the combination of HRP and chromogenic substrate clearly disclosed the dental plaques and the biofilm developed by S. sanguinis, S. salivarius and the major gram-postive bacteria Lactobacillus casei on tooth surfaces, and slightly disclosed the biofilm by E. coli. The combination of HRP and chromogenic substrate did not stain either the dental pellicle with the salivary glycoprotein mucin, or naked tooth surfaces. These results have suggested the possibility that the adsorption activity of HRP not only contributes to the evaluation of dental plaque, but that enzymatic activity of HRP may also contribute to improve dental hygiene.
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Deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity (DSWMH) lesions are a small-vessel disease of the brain. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between DSWMH lesions and periodontal status in Japanese adults who participated in a health check. We enrolled 444 consecutive participants (mean age, 54.5 years) who received both brain and oral health evaluation services at the Asahi University Hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to detect DSWMH lesions. Periodontal status was assessed using the community periodontal index. Of the study participants, 215 (48.4%) had DSWMH lesions. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the presence of DSWMH lesions was significantly related to age ≥ 65 years (vs. < 65 years, odds ratio [OR] = 2.984, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.696-5.232), systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg (vs. < 140 mmHg, OR = 2.579, 95% CI = 1.252-5.314), the presence of ≥ 28 teeth (vs. < 28 teeth, OR = 0.635, 95% CI = 0.420-0.961), and probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 6 mm (vs. PPD < 6 mm, OR = 1.948, 95% CI = 1.132-3.354) after adjustment for confounding factors. Having PPD ≥ 6 mm may be a risk factor for DSWMH lesions in Japanese adults.
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Doenças Periodontais , Substância Branca , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Japão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Doenças Periodontais/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Substância Branca/diagnóstico por imagem , Substância Branca/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-aging effects of coffee intake on oxidative stress in rat periodontal tissue and alveolar bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Fischer 344 rats (8 weeks old) were randomized to four groups; the baseline group immediately sacrificed, the control group fed with normal powdered food for 8 weeks, and the experimental groups fed with powdered food containing 0.62% or 1.36% coffee components for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Alveolar bone loss and gingival level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were significantly lower in the 1.36% coffee group than in the control group. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 translocation to the nucleus was significantly higher in the 1.36% coffee group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Continuous intake of 1.36% coffee could prevent age-related oxidative stress in the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone loss, possibly by up-regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Café , Ingestão de Líquidos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodonto/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodonto/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Biomarcadores , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , RatosRESUMO
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) scores and malnutrition in newly hospitalized patients. A total of 880 hospitalized adults were enrolled. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as serum albumin less than 3.5 g/dL. Patients with hypoalbuminemia were older (P < 0.001), had a higher prevalence of respiratory diseases (P < 0.01), a higher prevalence of digestive diseases (P < 0.01), a lower prevalence of oral feeding (P < 0.001), a lower body mass index (P < 0.001), and higher OAG scores (P < 0.001) than those without hypoalbuminemia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia was significantly related to age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, P < 0.001), absence of oral feeding (OR = 2.72, P < 0.001), presence of respiratory diseases (OR = 2.53, P < 0.01), presence of digestive diseases (OR = 1.64, P < 0.01), and OAG scores (OR = 1.14, P < 0.01). Regarding OAG scores, the OR of hypoalbuminemia was greater in patients with disorders (scores 2 or 3) of swallowing (vs. score 1, OR = 1.83, P < 0.05) and saliva (vs. score 1, OR = 1.51, P < 0.05). There appears to be a positive association between OAG scores and hypoalbuminemia in hospitalized patients.
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Hipoalbuminemia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Albumina SéricaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: miRNA molecules have been attracting attention as genetic modifiers between organs. We examined the relationship between serum miRNA and targeted liver mRNA profiles in a periodontitis rat model, and the influence of periodontitis on the liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n=16, 8 weeks old) were randomly divided into two groups (8 rats each): control and periodontitis (ligature placement for 4 weeks). Serum miRNA and liver mRNA profiles were compared. RESULTS: Periodontal destruction and hepatocyte apoptosis were induced in the periodontitis group. Microarray analysis indicated that 52 serum miRNAs and 33 liver mRNAs were expressed with a >1.5-fold change (FC) and a >2.0-FC (p<0.05), respectively, between the two groups. From the miRNA target genes, 12 genes equivalented to liver mRNAs with a >2.0-FC, among which, Hyou1, Chac1, and Bloc1s3 have apoptotic functions in our model. miRNAs upstream of these 3 mRNAs are miR-3591, miR-181a-2-3p and miR-6321. CONCLUSION: miR-3591, miR-181a-2-3p and miR-6321 induced hepatocyte apoptosis in our periodontitis rat model.
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Apoptose/genética , Fígado/patologia , MicroRNAs/genética , Periodontite/genética , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Periodontite/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Dental caries could be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, there is limited evidence of such a relationship in the literature. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationships among dental caries experience, dietary habits, and MetS in Japanese adults. A total of 937 participants aged 40-74 years underwent a health check, including dental examination. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) were used as an index of caries experience. The mean DMFT score was 14, and 12% of the participants had MetS in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of MetS was significantly related to DMFT (first vs. fourth quartile, odds ratio [OR] = 1.80; P < 0.05). In addition, the OR of DMFT for MetS was found to be greater in each successively higher DMFT quartile. The prevalence of MetS was significantly related to daily coffee consumption (OR = 0.51, P < 0.01), and the relationship between DMFT and MetS was noted after adjusting for daily coffee consumption. There appears to be a positive association between caries experience and MetS in Japanese adults. This relationship increased with the increase in DMFT regardless of dietary habits.
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Cárie Dentária , Síndrome Metabólica , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Índice CPO , Comportamento Alimentar , Humanos , Japão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrevalênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between eating speed and fat accumulation in Japanese non-obese adults. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: In total, 381 non-obese participants aged 35-74 years underwent a health checkup including fat distribution. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging to quantify visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA). Information on eating speed was obtained using a self-administrated questionnaire. RESULTS: The numbers of participants with self-reported behavior of eating slowly, medium, or quickly were 24 (6.3%), 180 (47.2%), and 177 (46.5%), respectively. The prevalence of VFA ≥100 cm2 was higher in the eating quickly group than in the eating slowly (p<0.05) or medium groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant differences in SFA ≥100 cm2 were observed between groups. In addition, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that eating quickly was positively correlated with VFA (standard ß=0.068, p<0.05), but not with SFA. CONCLUSIONS: Although eating quickly was positively correlated with bigger VFA in Japanese non-obese adults, no associations were found between eating speed and SFA.
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Povo Asiático , Comportamento Alimentar , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/fisiologia , Adiposidade , Adulto , Idoso , Peso Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Autorrelato , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The purpose of this cross-sectional pilot study was to find salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) reflecting periodontal condition in chronic periodontitis. One hundred and twenty chronic periodontitis patients (mean age, 68.4 years) participated in the study, from whom unstimulated whole saliva was collected. A multiphase study was conducted to explore salivary miRNAs as biomarkers of periodontitis. At first, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was performed to compare salivary miRNAs profiles in no and mild (no/mild) and severe periodontitis patients. Next, the relative expression of salivary miRNAs on individual samples was assessed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The numbers (%) of patients were 26 (21.6%, no/mild), 58 (48.3%, moderate) and 36 (30.0%, severe), respectively. Among 84 miRNAs, only the relative expression of hsa-miR-381-3p in the severe periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of the no/mild periodontitis group (p < 0.05). Among the 120 patients, there was also a significant correlation between the relative expression of hsa-miR-381-3p and the mean probing pocket depth (PPD) (r = 0.181, p < 0.05). Salivary hsa-miR-381-3p was correlated with periodontitis condition in chronic periodontitis patients.
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Periodontite Crônica/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Saliva/química , Regulação para Cima , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: An association is present between periodontitis and rates of expression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) in periodontal tissue. However, the association between periodontitis and miRNA levels in human serum is unknown. We performed a case-control study in patients with chronic periodontitis to investigate serum miRNA levels. DESIGN: We enrolled 30 healthy patients without periodontitis and 30 patients with chronic periodontitis. Participants underwent clinical examination, case selection, and a blood draw from the antecubital vein. Serum miRNA profiles were compared in samples from participants with and without chronic periodontitis using microarray and real-time PCR. RESULTS: Microarray demonstrated seven miRNAs that were expressed <1/1.5 or >1.5 in the control group compared to the periodontitis group (p < 0.05). Real-time PCR showed that hsa-miR-664a-3p, hsa-miR-501-5p, and hsa-miR-21-3p were higher in the periodontitis group than the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hsa-miR-664a-3p, hsa-miR-501-5p, and hsa-miR-21-3p are candidate serum biomarkers for chronic periodontitis.