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The transcription factor PsrA regulates fatty acid metabolism, the type III secretion system, and quinolone signaling quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To explore additional roles of PsrA in P. aeruginosa, this study engineered a P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain to carry a recombinant plasmid with the psrA gene (pMMBpsrA) and examined the impact of elevated psrA expression to the bacterium. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PsrA significantly downregulated genes encoding the master quorum-sensing regulators, RhlR and LasR, and influenced many quorum-sensing-associated genes. The role of PsrA in quorum sensing was further corroborated by testing autoinducer synthesis in PAO1 [pMMBpsrA] using two reporter bacteria strains Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and Escherichia coli [pSB1075], which respond to short- and long-chain acyl homoserine lactones, respectively. Phenotypic comparisons of isogenic ΔpsrA, ΔlasR, and ΔpsrAΔlasR mutants revealed that the reduced elastase, caseinase, and swarming activity in PAO1 [pMMBpsrA] were likely mediated through LasR. Additionally, electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that recombinant PsrA could bind to the lasR promoter at a 5'-AAACGTTTGCTT-3' sequence, which displays moderate similarity to the previously reported consensus PsrA binding motif. Furthermore, the PsrA effector molecule oleic acid inhibited PsrA binding to the lasR promoter and restored several quorum sensing-related phenotypes to wild-type levels. These findings suggest that PsrA regulates certain quorum-sensing phenotypes by negatively regulating lasR expression, with oleic acid acting as a crucial signaling molecule.
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Flexible flatfoot is the most common condition seen in pediatric orthopedic practice and generalized joint hypermobility is widely regarded as one of the predisposing factors. However, in previous studies, the flatfoot was defined by observers' subjective evaluation of the eversion of the bare foot in the standing position; and the joint hypermobility was defined by the Beighton score. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility in preschool-age children objectively. Footprints were measured on a Harris and Beath footprint mat. Flatfoot flexibility was assessed by Staheli Plantar Arch Index (PAI). Other than the Beighton score, 2 new measurement methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and the thumb-thrust test were developed to evaluate joint hypermobility. Of the 291 preschool children from 4 different kindergarten schools included in this study, 156 were boys and 135 were girls. The mean age was 64.18 ± 9.33 months (range 35-88 months). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated PAI was not associated with the Beighton score (R = 0.020, P = .735), thumb-to-forearm grade (R = 0.109, P = .066), and thumb-thrust grade (R = 0.027, P = .642). Two-sample t-test results showed that the normal and flatfoot groups did not differ significantly in the Beighton score (P = .404), thumb-to-forearm grade (P = .063), and thumb-thrust grade (P = .449). The results demonstrated no correlation between joint hypermobility and preschool-age flexible flatfoot when flatfoot was defined with Staheli PAI and joint hypermobility with the Beighton score. Even with 2 new methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and thumb-thrust test, to define joint hypermobility, we still found no correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility.
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Pé Chato , Instabilidade Articular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Instituições AcadêmicasRESUMO
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become a health problem as alcohol consumption has increased annually. Hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are important factors in the progression of ALD. Red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britt. & Rose) peel is rich in polyphenols and betanins, which possess antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of red pitaya peel extract (PPE) on ALD and explore the associated mechanisms. C57BL/6 J mice were administered an ethanol liquid diet for 11 weeks with or without two different doses of PPE (500 and 1000 mg/kg BW). PPE treatment significantly ameliorated liver injury and hepatic fat accumulation, and it improved hepatic lipid metabolism via increases in AMPK and PPAR-α protein expression and a decrease in SREBP-1 expression. In addition, PPE inhibited CYP2E1 and Nrf2 protein expression, reduced endotoxin levels in the serum, and decreased TLR4 and MyD88 expression and inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1ß levels in the liver. In conclusion, these findings suggest that PPE may prevent the progression of ALD by modulating lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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Cactaceae/química , Progressão da Doença , Frutas/química , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/prevenção & controle , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Animais , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/metabolismo , Etanol , Inflamação/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/etiologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , PPAR alfa/metabolismo , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 1/metabolismo , Receptor 4 Toll-Like , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of present study was to investigate the critical risk factor (age 30: peak bone mass) to evaluate the success of orthodontic implants. A total of 426 orthodontic implants were placed in 270 patients as orthodontic anchorages. Data were analyzed according to patient's characteristics, location of placement, implant categories, and orthodontic force. The young patients were the age ≤ 30 years and the older patients were the age > 30 years. Statistical analysis was performed and a p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The Chi-square or Fisher exact test was used depending on sample sizes. The null hypothesis was no statistically significant correlation between age ≤ 30 years and age > 30 years. The overall success rate (with and without predrill) was 89.2%. The success rate of orthodontic implants was significantly larger in younger patients (89.9%) than in older patients (76.1%). Recognizing age-related factor in the success rates, older patient (> 30 years) were significant lower than young patients (≤ 30 years) in the gender (female and male), malocclusion (Class II), facial pattern (ortho and hyperdivergent), location (infrazygomatic crest), jaw (maxilla), side (right), material (titanium and stainless), length (9 mm and 10 mm), diameter (2 mm), load (< 3 weeks), and force (intrusion). Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Age 30 is a cutoff point to achieve the success of orthodontic implants. The success rates of older patients (age > 30 years) were significant lower than young patients (age ≤ 30 years), especially in female.
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Implantes Dentários , Má Oclusão , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica , Idoso , Densidade Óssea , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , MaxilaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Applying low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LI-ESWT) has been reported to improve symptoms of refractory chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) in short-term follow-up. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of LI-ESWT on refractory CPPS over the span of a 12-month follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an open-label, single-arm prospective study. LI-ESWT consisted of 3000 shock waves once weekly for 4 weeks (Duolith SD1 T-Top) were applied. Clinical symptoms were re-assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months using NIH-CPSI score, visual analog scale, 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function and International Prostate Symptom Score. RESULTS: Thirty-one of the 43 patients enrolled had a successful response at the 1-month follow up after the treatment. Twenty-six of the 31 patients who responded successfully to LI-ESWT at the 1-month follow-up, maintained their response at the 6- and 12-month follow-up. The existence of psychosocial disorder at the baseline characteristics analysis was the only potential factor that may hinder the effectiveness of LI-ESWT. CONCLUSIONS: LI-ESWT has shown to be a safe and effective therapy for CPPS patients at the long-term follow-up. History of psychological disorders might be a significant predictor of a successful response.
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Dor Crônica , Tratamento por Ondas de Choque Extracorpóreas , Dor Crônica/terapia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Dor Pélvica/terapia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introduction: We compared the clinical outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and multiple-incision laparoscopic surgery for totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair.Material and methods: This retrospective study included 134 consecutive patients undergoing single-incision or multiple-incision laparoscopic surgery for inguinal hernia between January 2012 and December 2016 at our hospital.Results: In total, 62 patients undergoing SILS-TEP and 72 receiving multiple-incision laparoscopic surgery were included in this study. No significant differences in patients' characteristics between the two groups were noted. No patient required conversion to open surgery in either group. No significant differences were noted between the two groups in operative time, bleeding volume, post-operative hospital stay, and analgesics used. Postoperative complications were observed in 5.7% (4 of 62) of patients in the SILS group and 3.2% (2 of 72) of patients in the control group. Among the few patients who experienced complications, most had hematomas. No major complications or hernia recurrences were observed during the follow-up period in either group.Conclusions: SILS-TEP produced good cosmetic outcomes for patients regardless of previous surgery, and it could be safely performed with acceptable morbidity. It also does not increase the possibility of conversion to open surgery.
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Hérnia Inguinal , Laparoscopia , Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The present study investigated the methylation of CpG sites in the cyclooxygenase (COX)2 promoter via nuclear factor (NF)κB transcriptional regulation and elucidated its effect on the COX2 transcriptional expression in a ketamineinduced ulcerative cystitis (KIC) animal model. The results of the present study revealed that ketamine treatment induced NFκB p65 translocation to nuclei and activated COX2 expression and prostaglandin (PGE)2 production in bladder tissue, whereas COX2 inhibitor suppressed the inflammatory effect. Moreover, DNA hypomethylation of the COX2 promoter region located from 1,522 to 829 bp might contribute to transcriptional regulation of COX2 expression and induce a proinflammatory response in KIC. Ketamine treatment increased the binding of NFκB and permissive histone H3 lysine4 (H3K4)m3, but caused a decrease in the repressive histone H3K27m3 and H3K36m3 on the COX2 promoter ranging from 1,522 to 1,331 bp as determined by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Moreover, in the ketamine group, the level of TenElevenTranslocation methylcytosine dioxygenase for demethylation as determined by reverse transcriptionquantitative PCR assay was increased in comparison with the control group, but that was not the case for the level of DNA methyltransferases for methylation. The present findings revealed that there was a hypomethylation pattern of the COX2 promoter in association with the level of COX2 transcription in KIC.
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Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/genética , Cistite/etiologia , Cistite/metabolismo , Metilação de DNA , Epigênese Genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Animais , Imunoprecipitação da Cromatina , Ilhas de CpG , Cistite/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Ketamina/efeitos adversos , Modelos Biológicos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Transporte Proteico , RatosAssuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Prepúcio do Pênis/patologia , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/patologia , Doenças do Pênis/patologia , Adulto , Balanite (Inflamação)/etiologia , Balanite (Inflamação)/terapia , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico , Complicações do Diabetes/etiologia , Complicações do Diabetes/terapia , Diabetes Mellitus/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus/terapia , Prepúcio do Pênis/cirurgia , Humanos , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/etiologia , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/terapia , Masculino , Micoses/etiologia , Micoses/terapia , Doenças do Pênis/etiologia , Doenças do Pênis/terapia , Úlcera Cutânea/etiologia , Úlcera Cutânea/terapiaRESUMO
Managing patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) refractory to the traditional 3-As therapy (antibiotics, alpha-blockers, and anti-inflammatories) is a challenging task. Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LI-ESWT) was recently reported to be able to improve pain, urinary symptoms, and even sexual function by inducing neovascularization and anti-inflammation, reducing muscle tone, and influencing nerve impulses. This study evaluates whether combined treatment with LI-ESWT can restore clinical ability and quality of life (QoL) in patients refractory to 3-As therapy. This was an open-label, single-arm prospective study. Patients with CPPS without more than a 6-point decrease in the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) total score under the maximal dosage of 3-As therapy were enrolled. LI-ESWT treatment consisted of 3,000 shock waves administered once weekly for 4 weeks. The NIH-CPSI, visual analog scale (VAS) score, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) were used to evaluate efficacy at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after LI-ESWT. Thirty-three patients were enrolled in this study. After LI-ESWT treatment, 27 of the 33 patients (81.82%) had a successful response to LI-ESWT, with a decrease of 3.29 and 5.97 in the VAS score and total IPSS at the 3-month follow-up. Waist circumference was the only significant predictor of a successful response to LI-ESWT. LI-ESWT can serve as a salvage therapy for patients with CPPS refractory to traditional 3-As therapy. Further studies are needed to determine an adequate therapeutic protocol and important predictors in patients with different CPPS etiologies.
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Tratamento por Ondas de Choque Extracorpóreas , Dor Pélvica/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/farmacologia , Adulto , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Dor Crônica , Tratamento por Ondas de Choque Extracorpóreas/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Taiwan , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
Managing patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) who failed to respond to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is) is a challenging task. Recently, low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LI-ESWT) was reported to improve ED by enhancing perfusion of the penis. The current study was performed to evaluate whether combined treatment with LI-ESWT and PDE5is can restore erectile function in patients who failed to respond to PDE5is alone. This was an open-label single-arm prospective study. ED patients with an erection hardness score (EHS) â¦2 under a maximal dosage of PDE5is were enrolled. Sociodemographic information and detailed medical history were recorded. LI-ESWT treatment consisted of 3,000 shockwaves once weekly for 12 weeks. All patients continued their regular PDE5is use. The EHS and the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) were used to evaluate the change in erectile function 1 and 3 months after LI-ESWT. A total of 52 patients were enrolled. After LI-ESWT treatment, 35 of the 52 patients (67.3%) could achieve an erection hard enough for intercourse (EHS ⧠3) under PDE5is use at the 1-month follow-up. Initial severity of ED was the only significant predictor of a successful response (EHS1: 35.7% vs. EHS2: 78.9%, p = .005). Thirty-three of the 35 (94.3%) subjects who responded to LI-ESWT could still maintain their erectile function at the 3-month follow-up. LI-ESWT can serve as a salvage therapy for ED patients who failed to respond to PDE5is. Initial severity of ED was an important predictor of a successful response.
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Disfunção Erétil/tratamento farmacológico , Tratamento por Ondas de Choque Extracorpóreas , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
In addition to testosterone (T), the emerging role of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been noted recently. However, reports of associations with serum adipocytokine levels are still limited. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate whether serum T and SHBG levels are independent predictors for the risk of MetS that are associated with adiponectin and leptin levels in 614 Taiwanese men over 40 years old collected from a free health screening. Subjects in the lowest quartile of TT and SHBG levels are exposed to a 1.58 and 3.22 times risk of developing MetS, as compared to those in the highest quartile of TT and SHBG levels. However, SHBG retains its significance independent of TT as a MetS risk predictor, but not vice versa. In addition, SHBG was significantly correlated with both adiponectin and leptin levels even after adjusting for TT levels. In conclusion, SHBG served as a major predictor for the risk of MetS and was correlated with serum adiponectin and leptin levels that are independent of T. Further studies are needed to elucidate the true role of SHBG in the pathogenesis of MetS and possible mechanisms associated with serum adiponectin and leptin levels.
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Adiponectina/sangue , Leptina/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Receptores de Superfície Celular/sangue , Testosterona/sangue , Adipocinas/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Comorbidade , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Repeated evidence from animal models suggests a strong link between vascular endothelial growth factor (VGEF) and penile vasculature and erectile function because VEGF can alter the physiologic pathways involved in the regulation of penile vasomotor tone. AIM: To investigate three VEGF polymorphisms and their link to erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS: We enrolled 688 Taiwanese men with a mean age of 55.6 years (SD = 4.5) during a free health screening. All participants provided complete medical histories and underwent physical examinations. Fasting blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis and hormone profiling. The allelic discrimination of three VEGF gene polymorphisms (460T/C [rs833061], 1154G/A [rs1570360], and 2578A/C [rs699947]) was performed using validated TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assays. OUTCOMES: Subjects underwent assessment using the simplified five-item International Index of Erectile Function to diagnose and assess ED severity. RESULTS: The results showed that diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR] = 3.27, P < .01), hypertension (OR = 3.47, P < .01), and having the VEGF 2578A allele (OR = 1.54, P = .01) were the three most independent risk factors for ED. In univariate analysis, all three VEGF polymorphisms (460C, 1154A, and 2578A) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (P < .01) and greater frequencies of hypertension were found in carriers of the 1154A allele and the 2578A allele (P = .01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between VEGF 2578A allele carrier status and ED (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.10â¼2.15, P = .01). Furthermore, the prevalence and severity of ED were significantly increased with an increment of the 2578A allele number (P < .05). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: VEGF 2578C/A gene polymorphisms could be a genetic susceptibility factor for the development of ED. STRENGTH AND LIMITATION: This is the first study to investigate the genetic susceptibility of VEGF polymorphisms to ED. This study was cross-sectional with a lack of functional and molecular production investigations. Data on the association among conditions might not allow definitive conclusions about causal links. CONCLUSION: This study showed that VEGF 2578A allele carriers in a Taiwanese population are at greater risk for ED. Lee Y-C, Huang S-P, Tsai C-C, et al. Associations of VEGF Gene Polymorphisms With Erectile Dysfunction and Related Risk Factors. J Sex Med 2017;14:510-517.
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Disfunção Erétil/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , TaiwanRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Urinary incontinence (UI) is more prevalent in the elderly populations with dementia than without dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Urinary incontinence may complicate AD morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and annual incidence and determine the risk possibility of UI, which is the main type of incontinence in patients with AD in Taiwan. METHODS: A total of 933 patients with AD were included in the study cohort, and a total of 2799 patients without AD by 1:3 proportion compared to the study cohort were used as a matched cohort. All participants were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in 2000 sample population. We utilize Cox proportional hazard regression to evaluate the risk of UI and cumulative incidence ratio curve to analyze the cumulative incidence function. Prevalence and annual incidence rate are calculated in individual medication including rivastigmine, donepezil, galantamine, and memantine only being initiated in patients with AD. RESULTS: The risk of UI is higher in AD cohort (hazard ratio: 1.54, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-2.09). The cumulative incidence ratio of UI event between AD cohort and matched cohort presents statistical significance ( P < .001). Annual incidence and prevalence of UI in patients with AD are 6.2% and 4.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that the risk of UI is higher in patients with AD than in the general population.
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Doença de Alzheimer/epidemiologia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Incontinência Urinária/epidemiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is recognized to be the preferred first-line treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, the risk-benefit ratio of ADT remains poorly defined and the relationship between androgen depletion and dementia is not clear. AIM: To investigate the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients undergoing ADT for prostate cancer. METHODS: Data from 24 360 prostate cancer patients were collected from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan. In total, 15 959 patients who underwent ADT were included in the study cohort, and another 8401 patients who did not receive ADT were included as a non-ADT cohort. RESULTS: During the average 4-year follow-up period, the incidence of AD was 2.78 per 1000 person-years in the non-ADT cohort and 5.66 per 1000 person-years in the ADT cohort. After adjusting for age and all comorbidities, the combined ADT cohort was found to be 1.84 times more likely to develop AD than the non-ADT control group (95%CI 1.33-2.55, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that ADT use is associated with an increased risk of developing AD.
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Doença de Alzheimer/epidemiologia , Antagonistas de Androgênios/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Risco , Medição de Risco , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The orthodontic mini-implant (MI) is a widely used anchorage device in orthodontic treatment. This prospective study analyzed MI survival and factors associated with MI survival in 139 patients (114 females and 25 males; average age, 25.7 years; age range, 12-56 years) who had received orthodontic treatment with MIs. Survival analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to identify clinical variables associated with MI survival. For the 254 MIs investigated, the overall success rate was 85.8%, and the 1-year cumulative survival rate was 81.6%. MI survival was significantly associated with patient age and MI size. Notably, MI survival was significantly longer in patients aged 20-30 years than in older patients. The Cox proportional-hazards model revealed a 5% increase in failure risk for every 1-year increase in age among participants older than 30 years. Additionally, MI failure risk was inversely associated with MI length. MIs are generally reliable anchorage devices for orthodontic treatment but should be used with caution in older patients, due to the higher rate of failure in that population. Another important factor in MI survival is implant size. Future studies should attempt to clarify associations between MI survival and clinical variables.(J Oral Sci 58, 515-521, 2016).
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Implantes Dentários , Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , Falha de Prótese , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Polysaccharopeptides (PSPs) are among the main bioactive constituents of Trametes versicolor (T. versicolor). The purpose of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of enzymatic hydrolysates obtained from T. versicolor polysaccharopeptides by 80 U/mL ß-1,3-glucanase (PSPs-EH80). The half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PSPs-EH80 in metal chelating assay, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging test results were 0.83 mg/mL, 0.14 mg/mL and 0.52 mg/mL, respectively, which were lower than that of PSPs-EH 20 U/mL. The molecular weights of the PSPs-EH80 hydrolysates were 300, 190, 140 and 50 kDa, respectively, and the hydrolysis of polysaccharides by ß-1,3-glucanase did not change the original functional group. PSPs-EH80 reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content at least twice that of treatment without PSPs-EH80. In addition, an oxidative damage test showed that PSPs-EH80 can improve HaCaT cell survival. According to our results, PSP demonstrates the potential of anti-oxidative damage; besides, enzyme hydrolysis can improve the ability of the PSP.
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Antioxidantes , Glucana 1,3-beta-Glucosidase/química , Proteoglicanas , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Trametes/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Humanos , Hidrólise , Proteoglicanas/química , Proteoglicanas/farmacologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Partial nephrectomy has gained wider acceptance as a surgical technique in treating small renal tumors. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) still remains a technically demanding surgery to this day. We present our technique of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, one that is performed without intracorporeal suturing. METHODS: We performed LPN on 31 patients with localized renal parenchymal tumor (stage T1). The procedures were done from September 2009 to March 2015 at the Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and the Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital. Our technique involves the covering of renal defect layer by layer with FloSeal, Tisseel and a fat pad after monopolar coagulation. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients were included in this study. Mean patient age was 53 years old (range 39-70). Mean tumor size was 2.9 cm (range 1.8-6.3). Mean RENAL nephrometry score was 5.3 (range 4-7). The average operation time was 188 min (range 120-290), and the average warm ischemic time was 19.0 min (range 9-26). Mean estimated blood loss was 171 ml (range 10-650), with no postoperative bleeding among the total 31 patients. No recurrent tumors were identified at a mean follow-up of 29 months postoperatively. The mean change in eGFR was 6.5 (ml/min/m2). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is a feasible surgical method for most patients with stage 1 tumor. Our technique has shown to reduce warm ischemic time significantly and provide patients with excellent functional outcomes without affecting oncological results. With this technique, surgeons can perform LPN with more efficiency and with fewer complications.
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Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Feminino , Esponja de Gelatina Absorvível/uso terapêutico , Hemostáticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia QuenteRESUMO
Xylaria nigripes, a local rare medicinal fungus, has multi-antioxidant activities owing to its water extraction as shown by previous research. However, the main indicator causing the antioxidant effect was not clear, so this research focused on the antioxidant activities from different sources of X. nigripes such as fruiting body polysaccharides, mycelium intracellular polysaccharides, mycelium extracellular polysaccharides, and their deproteinization products. The mycelium intracellular polysaccharide (XnIPS-1) from X. nigripes showed the highest reducing power of antioxidant activity, since it revealed the lowest IC50 values in all the assayed methodologies. The IC50 values of chelating ferrous ion ability, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and DPPH free radical scavenging were 1412, 174.25, and 351.56 µg/mL, respectively. In addition to these results, this research also explored the mechanism between polysaccharides and antioxidants compared by FT-IR analysis. The spectrum shows that the X. nigripes polysaccharide structure changed after the proteins were removed.