Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Secondary Renal Amyloidosis: A Rare Complication of Atezolizumab.

Lung cancer is the second most common malignancy in both genders and the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Broadly, lung cancer is divided into two types: small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 85% of the diagnoses of lung cancer. It is necessary to check for any targetable mutations, which can help in deciding the treatment plan for the patients. The patient we are reporting is a 70-year-old male with multiple co-morbidities diagnosed with non-small cell carcinoma, favoring adenocarcinoma on histopathology. He was started on Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab/Carboplatin/Paclitaxel (ABCP). He was switched to maintenance Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab after four cycles due to poor tolerance to carboplatin and paclitaxel. The patient presented with neutropenic colitis and acute kidney injury (AKI), requiring admission. workup revealed nephrotic range proteinuria with a high urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. He underwent a renal biopsy to ascertain the cause of his proteinuria, which showed marked acute and chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis (TIN), amyloidosis, and global glomerulosclerosis. Secondary (AA) amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins. Although interstitial nephritis is a reported side effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors, AA amyloidosis is a rarer side effect. So, to determine the exact cause and early therapeutic intervention in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related kidney injury, large retrospective or prospective studies should be done.

Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMRD) Syndrome: A Case Report of a Patient With Multiple Metachronous Malignancies.

Defective repair of DNA when heterozygous leads to Lynch syndrome (LS) which is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. When homozygous, defective repair of DNA leads to constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD), inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion with a predisposition to develop a pattern of childhood malignancies including hematological and solid cancers. We report such a case of a 21-year-old male who developed anaplastic astrocytoma, Burkitt lymphoma, osteochondroma, and colon cancer successively. Each cancer was treated successfully except for colon cancer which developed liver metastasis after the initial treatment with curative intent. However, the patient has been treated for liver metastasis with curative intent and is currently on follow-up. This case report highlights the importance of maintaining a low threshold for investigating CMMRD and other potential cancer predisposition syndromes when a patient presents with multiple cancers in the early years of their life.

Metrology of Ar-N2/O2 Mixture Atmospheric Pressure Pulsed DC Jet Plasma and its Application in Bio-Decontamination.

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets are gaining a lot of attention due to their widespread applications in the field of bio-decontamination, polymer modification, material processing, deposition of thin film, and nanoparticle fabrication. Herein, we are reporting the disinfection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli bacteria using plasma jet. In this regard, Ar-O2, Ar-N2, and Ar-O2-N2 mixture plasma is generated and characterized using optical and electrical characterization. Variation in plasma parameters like electron temperature, electron density, and reactive species production is monitored with discharge parameters such as applied voltage and feed gas concentration. Results show that the peak average power consumed in Ar-O2, Ar-N2, and Ar-O2-N2 mixture plasma is found to be 4.45, 2.93, and 4.35 W respectively, at 8 kV. Moreover, it is noted that by increasing applied voltage, the electron temperature, electron density, and reactive species production also increases. It is worth noting that electron temperature increases with increase in oxygen concentration in the mixture (, while it decreases with increase in nitrogen concentration in the mixture (Ar-N2). Similarly, a decreasing trend in electron temperature is noted for Ar-O2-N2 mixture plasma. On the other hand, a decreasing trend in electron density is noted for all the mixtures. Reduction in viable colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus Aureus, and Escherichia coli were confirmed by the serial dilution method. The inactivation efficiency of pulsed DC plasma generated, in the Ar-N2 mixture at 8 kV and 6 KHz, was evaluated against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli bacteria by measuring the number of surviving cells versus plasma treatment time. Results showed that after 240 s of plasma treatment, the number of survival colonies of the mentioned bacteria was reduced to less than 30 CFU/mL.