RESUMO
Purpose: Internal medicine services serve the patient population with many chronic diseases. Therefore, it is high mortality rates compared to other departments of the hospital. Estimating the prognostic risk of hospitalized patients may be useful in mortality for patients. In this study, we evaluated the level of Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) and its association with mortality in inpatients. Patients and methods: This study was performed in 2218 patients who were hospitalized between January 1st-December 31th of 2019. Patients were followed up for three years about primary endpoint as all-cause (except for unnatural deaths) mortality. Participants were divided into 4 equal groups according to their increasing levels of SII and SIRI. (Quartile 1-4) Age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, malignancies (solid), white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, CRP, albumin, Systemic Inflammation Response Index (Quartile 1-4), Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (Quartile 1-4) were compared between survival and non-survival groups. Results: There were 1153 female and 1065 male participants enrolled. Compared with surviving patients, patients who died were older and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, malignancy, chronic kidney disease and coronary artery disease (p < 0.001). There was a lower proportion of female patients among the patients who died. Compared to the survivor group, group who died exhibited a significant increase in CRP level, neutrophil, white blood cell and monocyte counts, but had a lower lymphocyte count, albumin level and hemoglobin count (P < 0.001). Results of Cox regression analysis showed that age, chronic kidney disease, malignancy, SIRI quartile 3, 4 and SII quartile 3, 4 pointed out a close relationship with mortality risk. (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The SIRI and SII have indicated the clinical importance of as novel markers for predicting mortality in inpatients.
RESUMO
Purpose: Various parameters have been proposed to predict the outcome of patients with coronavirus disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of the age-adjusted CCI score and biochemical parameters for predicting outcomes for COVID-19 patients on admission. Patients and methods: A total of 511 patients were included in the study. Only swab or serological tests positive patients were included. The clinical characteristics of the patients were compared between survival and non-survival COVID-19 inpatients. Hemoglobin, platelet, sedimentation, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDH, CK, albumin, ferritin, lymphocyte, neutrophil, CRP (1-5;5-10;10-20 × upper limit), procalcitonin (5-10;10-20; > 20 × upper limit), D Dimer (> 2 × upper limit), age, gender, chronic diseases and CCI scores were compared between the two groups. Results: 68 patients died and 443 patients survived. Mean age was 74.3±7.3 years in survival group and 76.7±8.0 in nonsurvival group. Age, male sex, ischemic heart disease (CHD), chronic kidney disease and active malignancy was statistically higher in non-survivor group. The biochemical parameters was compared in survival and nonsurvival group. CCI score, AST, LDH, CK, Ferritin, CRP are significantly higher and albumin, lymphocyte levels are significantly lower in nonsurvival group. D-dimer and procalcitonin levels are significantly higher in nonsurvival group. CCI score and neutrophil, creatinine, ALT, AST, d-dimer and procalcitonin elevations were correlated. Low albumin and lymphocyte levels were correlated with the CCI score. There was no significant correlation between ferritin, sedimentation, CRP levels and CCI score. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that anaemia, elevated CRP (> 10-20 × upper limit), procalcitonin (> 5-10 × upper limit), ALT, AST levels and higher CCI score were independent risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Anaemia, elevated CRP, procalcitonin levels, ALT, AST levels and higher CCI score were found independent risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients.