Prevalencia de trastornos mentales comunes en estudiantes universitarios

Introducción: Los trastornos mentales comunes se refieren a una variedad de afecciones de salud mental no psicóticas, como la depresión, ansiedad y manifestaciones somáticas, que son reconocidas en la actualidad como un problema de salud pública debido a las repercusiones en la salud de las personas que lo padecen. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales comunes en estudiantes de la carrera profesional de Enfermería de una universidad pública. Método: El enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo, el diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo-comparativo de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 321 estudiantes y la muestra por 175 estudiantes, quienes respondieron al Self Reporting Questionnaire-SRQ 20, instrumento con adecuados niveles de validez y confiabilidad. Los datos se procesaron a través del software SPSS versión 25. Para el análisis se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y para determinar si los trastornos mentales comunes se asociaban a las variables sociodemográficas propuestas, se recurrió a la prueba no paramétrica ji cuadrado. Resultados: La prevalencia general de los trastornos mentales comunes fue del 39,4 %. Asimismo, se determinó que la prevalencia se asociaba de manera significativa al sexo y al nivel de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas (p< 0,05). Conclusiones: Existe una prevalencia moderada de los trastornos mentales comunes en los estudiantes peruanos de Enfermería.

Introduction: Common mental disorders refer to a variety of non-psychotic mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and somatic manifestations that are currently recognized as a public health problem due to the repercussions on the health of the people who suffer from them. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders among Nursing students at a public university in the Peruvian Amazon. Method: The research approach was quantitative, the design, non-experimental and the type, descriptive-comparative cross-sectional. The population consisted of 321 students and the sample by 175 students who responded to the Self Reporting Questionnaire-SRQ 20, an instrument with adequate levels of validity and reliability. The data was processed through the SPSS version 25 software. For the analysis, descriptive statistics were used and to determine if the common mental disorders were associated with the proposed sociodemographic variables, the non-parametric Chi-Square test was used. Results: The overall prevalence of common mental disorders was found to be 39.4%. Likewise, it was determined that the prevalence was significantly associated with gender and the level of consumption of alcoholic beverages (p< 0.05). Conclusions: There is a moderate prevalence of common mental disorders in Peruvian Nursing students.

Concern about the Spread of COVID-19 in Regular Basic Education Teachers When Returning to Face-to-Face Classes.

During the health emergency caused by COVID-19, a series of sensations such as fear, stress, and concern about contracting the virus were developed. Despite the fact that in recent months infection rates have been significantly reduced due to vaccination campaigns, the return of teachers to face-to-face classes established in Peru from April 2022 has increased once again the fear that contagion levels could grow. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the concern of regular basic education teachers about the spread of COVID-19 when returning to face-to-face classes. A quantitative investigation was carried out; the research design was observational and the type of study was descriptive cross-sectional. The sample was made up of 648 teachers who responded to the Scale of Concern for the Contagion of COVID-19, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties. The results show that 43.8% of teachers had moderate levels of concern about the spread of COVID-19, 38.7% had low levels, and 17.5% had high levels. Teachers reported most recurrent concerns about some risks in educational institutions and the fear of spreading COVID-19 to their relatives or people with whom they lived. On the other hand, it was found that some sociodemographic, occupational, and medical variables were significantly associated with this concern (p < 0.05). Then, it was concluded that teachers had moderate levels of concern about the spread of COVID-19 when returning to face-to-face classes.

An exploratory study in breast cancer of factors involved in the use and communication with health professionals of Internet information.

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of the spontaneous use of Internet on breast cancer patients and on their relationship with health professionals. METHODS: A mixed methodology was used. Two questionnaires were designed through three focus groups, and then administered to 186 patients and 59 professionals in order to assess: (1) patients' use of Internet for health-related information and (2) the impact of this information on patients' psychological outcomes and on their relationship with professionals. RESULTS: Patients spent more time looking for illness-related information after diagnosis, using interactive communities more than static information websites. Patients and professionals disagreed about the use of Internet in terms of the knowledge it provides, and its psychological impact. The main barrier reported by patients regarding the sharing of online information with their professionals was the belief that it would damage their relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Both professionals and patients have a protectionist conception of the therapeutic relationship. This attitude tends to dismiss the positive impact that the use of Internet and the new communication tools may have in cancer patients. New resources should provide an "Internet Prescription" and modes of interaction to facilitate a more open digital communication.